共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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本研究以广州市1700名3岁~6岁幼儿家长为对象,对3岁~6岁幼儿的气质和父母教养方式进行调查,结果发现:广州市3岁~6岁幼儿在注意分散度上性别差异显著,男孩的注意更易分散;独生子女和非独生子女在适应度、反应强度、坚持度、反应阈上存在显著差异,非独生子女的得分均高于独生子女得分;不同年级的幼儿在趋避性、注意分散度上存在显著差异;不同年龄的幼儿在规律性、趋避性、坚持度上存在显著差异;反应强度对民主性教养方式有负向预测作用,对其他教养方式有正向预测作用;坚持度对民主性教养方式有正向预测作用,对其他教养方式有负向预测作用;适应度对民主性教养方式有负向预测作用,对不一致性教养方式有正向预测作用;活动量和情绪本质对民主性教养方式有正向预测作用。 相似文献
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家长气质及教养方式对幼儿自我效能感的影响研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本研究以38名大班幼儿及其家长为研究对象,采用问卷、访谈和情景测试等方法,探讨了幼儿自我效能感与家长气质及教养方式之间的关系。结果表明:(1)幼儿自我效能感的个体差异较大。(2)幼儿自我效能感不存在性别差异。(3)家长气质类型不同,其子女的自我效能感有显著差异。(4)家长教养方式中的“情感支持与理解”因子与幼儿自我效能感存在显著正相关“,拒绝与否认”因子与幼儿自我效能感呈显著负相关。(5)家长气质与教养方式的某些因子有显著相关,由此推论出家长的内在气质通过外显的教养方式体现,家长的教养方式对幼儿的自我效能感产生直接影响。 相似文献
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父母教养方式对3～6岁幼儿责任心发展的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
本研究通过对大连市3所幼儿园3￣6岁382名幼儿责任心及其父母教养方式的问卷调查,探讨了父母教养方式对幼儿责任心发展的影响。结果表明父母教养方式是影响幼儿责任心发展的重要因素。民主性父母教养方式容易促进幼儿责任心良好发展;溺爱性、放任性、专制性和不一致性父母教养方式容易导致幼儿责任心不良发展。 相似文献
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本研究选取301名3-5岁儿童的祖父母作为被试,考察祖父母参与儿童教养的基本情况及其特点.结果发现,祖父母对孙子女的教养支持行为最多,惩罚行为最少.祖父母与父母的关系、祖孙相处时间对祖父母的养育行为具有显著预测作用;祖孙相处时间对于祖父母对孙子女的心理压力具有显著预测作用;忽视型祖父母在四类祖父母教养方式中人数最多,溺爱型祖父母人数最少;祖父和祖母在教养方式上存在性别差异,祖母更多参与孙子女的教养,且更多指导型与溺爱型,祖父则更多采取专制型;祖父母的教养方式在不同儿童年龄上存在差异,随儿童年龄增长,采取溺爱和专制型教养方式的祖父母减少,而开始更多采取忽视型的教养方式. 相似文献
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采用问卷法和实验室实验来探讨执行性抑制发展特点及其与气质的社会抑制性关系.结果表明:区分执行性抑制任务难度有效;3～5岁幼儿执行性抑制能力发展显著,3～4岁发展尤为迅速;幼儿执行性抑制能力具有显著的性别差异;社会抑制性和执行性抑制之间具有显著相关;年龄、性别和任务难度对其相关并有重要影响.气质的社会抑制性是执行性抑制的发展的重要影响因素. 相似文献
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以108名3～6岁幼儿为研究对象,通过父亲教养投入问卷调查和道德情绪情境故事实验,考察父亲教养投入与幼儿道德情绪理解发展的关系.父亲教养投入水平由高到低依次是可及性、责任性和互动性,父亲教养投入水平在幼儿不同年龄、父亲学历与其主观收入方面存在显著差异;幼儿道德情绪理解年龄差异显著,5～6岁幼儿在自豪、尴尬情绪理解方面显著高于3～4岁幼儿,幼儿道德情绪理解在性别方面差异不显著;父亲教养投入中的规则教导、榜样示范与幼儿自豪情绪呈显著正相关,父亲教养投入在责任性、互动性和可及性方面上均与幼儿的内疚、尴尬、羞耻情绪理解呈显著正相关.回归分析发现,规则教导显著正向预测幼儿自豪情绪理解水平,规则教导和父职成长显著正向预测幼儿尴尬情绪理解水平;父亲发展规划显著正向预测幼儿内疚情绪理解水平,父亲教养支持显著正向预测幼儿羞耻情绪理解水平.积极的父亲教养投入有助于幼儿道德情绪的理解,为幼儿早期形成道德意识、养成良好道德行为奠定基础. 相似文献
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研究者向广州市1149名3~6岁幼儿的家长发放问卷,调查3~6岁幼儿的社会技能发展及其家庭相关影响因素。大样本调查结果发现:幼儿的社会技能发展存在性别差异,女孩明显好于男孩。随着年龄增长,幼儿的社会技能逐渐发展。母亲受教育程度越高,幼儿社会技能发展越好。家庭经济收入越高,幼儿社会技能发展越好。民主性教养方式与幼儿的社会技能发展呈正相关,有正向预测作用;溺爱性、放任性、专制性、不一致性教养方式与幼儿的社会技能发展呈负相关,有负向预测作用。 相似文献
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Yiting Chang Mark A. Fine Jean Ispa Kathy R. Thornburg Elizabeth Sharp Miriam Wolfenstein 《Early education and development》2004,15(3):265-282
The purpose of this study was to test a theoretical model that examined the extent to which cognitive readiness to parent, perceived difficult child temperament, observed parenting behaviors, and positive coping styles predicted parenting stress among young, low-income, first-time, African-American mothers. One hundred and twenty African-American, first-time mothers who applied to the Early Head Start program were selected to participate in this study. Results based on structural equation modeling indicated that: (1) observed positive parenting behaviors were negatively related to parenting stress; (2) difficult child temperament was positively related to parenting stress; (3) positive coping styles did not buffer the relationship between difficult child temperament and parenting stress; (4) difficult child temperament was not directly associated with observed parenting behaviors; (5) cognitive readiness to parent was only indirectly related to parenting stress; and (6) observed parenting behaviors mediated the link between cognitive readiness to parent and parenting stress. Future research directions and implications of these findings for professionals working with young mothers are discussed. 相似文献
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Pelin Munis Daryl B. Greenfield Heather A. Henderson J&#x;Lene George 《Early childhood research quarterly》2007,22(4):440-450
The purpose of the current study is to describe the development and validation of a new measure of temperament, the Preschool Temperament Classification System (PTCS). The PTCS was developed as a typological measure that identifies children's temperament styles as undercontrolled, resilient, or overcontrolled. The PTCS is a time efficient structured interview assessing children's temperament as it is observed in the classroom environment. During the 20 min interview, teachers classify all of the children in their class into one of the three temperament styles, rank order children within each temperament group, and assign an intensity rating to each child, indicating how well the child matches his/her assigned temperament group. Data were collected on 196 preschool-age children from 25 Head Start classrooms in an urban area. Teachers assessed children's temperament and peer play behaviors, and trained research assistants assessed children's school readiness. The PTCS classified children into temperament groups that showed expected relations to peer play competence and school readiness after controlling for age and gender, indicating good validity. Test–retest reliability was moderate to high. Overall the PTCS shows promise as a valid and reliable teacher measure of preschool children's temperament. 相似文献
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周晶 《宁波大学学报(教育科学版)》2021,(1):127-132
研究综合了来自中国大陆18570名3-12岁儿童的焦虑与父母教养方式相关的30项研究的数据,通过元分析的方法考查了二者相关的强度,并分析影响相关强度的因素。从总体上来说,儿童焦虑与父母教养方式存在弱相关;父母教养方式类型、儿童年龄、父母性别会对二者关系产生调节作用。建议在教养儿童过程中要采用正向的教养方式,要给予年幼儿童充分的独立自主的权利和自由,鼓励父亲参与教养,这有利于降低儿童的焦虑水平。 相似文献
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陈艳 《贵阳学院学报(社会科学版)》2012,(6):67-72
文章以实证研究的方法对高职学习者的英语能力与多元智能、学习风格的相关系数结果进行分析讨论。用Spss16．0对107名高职学习者的多元智能、学习风格进行描述性分析、平均数多重比较及与英语能力的相关性检验,调查结果显示：人际交往、内省智能分别是高职学习者最显著的两项智能,独立风格是最受欢迎的学习风格;多元智能与学习风格在学习过程中相互作用、影响,多处存在显著差异;受试群体的英语能力与人际智能负相关、与内省智能正相关,与动手、体验型风格正相关。 相似文献
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为探讨四-六年级儿童说谎行为及其与家庭教养方式之间的关系,选取小学四-六年级共6个班儿童为被试,采用自编数学测验和家庭教养方式问卷为实验材料,在自阅卷情境中了解四-六年级儿童说谎行为的差异,并探讨其与家庭教养方式之间的关系。结果显示:四-六年级的儿童对考试说谎行为的认知和判断已经基本形成;在影响儿童考试说谎行为的三个因素上,自阅卷情境对四、五年级儿童的说谎行为并不存在显著影响,对六年级的儿童有显著影响。五年级或许是影响儿童说谎因素发展的一个关键期或转折点;家庭教养方式的不同因子对儿童说谎行为的影响有所不同。父亲教养方式中的惩罚严厉或是拒绝否认,以及母亲的家庭教养方式中的过分干涉和过分保护,或是不偏爱儿童,都更容易导致儿童说谎行为的发生。 相似文献
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为了解小学生自主学习能力和父母教养方式的基本状况以及二者之间的关系,并为家庭教育提供依据,该研究采用问卷调查了湖北省省委和政府所在社区某重点小学三年级和五年级学生。结果表明:三年级学生的自主学习能力显著高于五年级;父母对女孩积极的教养方式多于男孩,父亲对高年级的孩子采用更多积极的教养方式,而母亲对不同年级儿童教养方式无显著差别;父母教养方式对自主学习能力有一定的预测作用。因此得出结论,自主学习能力和父母教养方式存在相关。所以家长应该积极调整教养方式,以促进孩子自主学习能力的发展。 相似文献
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Infant temperament moderates relations between maternal parenting in early childhood and children's adjustment in first grade 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
A differential susceptibility hypothesis proposes that children may differ in the degree to which parenting qualities affect aspects of child development. Infants with difficult temperaments may be more susceptible to the effects of parenting than infants with less difficult temperaments. Using latent change curve analyses to analyze data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care, the current study found that temperament moderated associations between maternal parenting styles during early childhood and children's first-grade academic competence, social skills, and relationships with teachers and peers. Relations between parenting and first-grade outcomes were stronger for difficult than for less difficult infants. Infants with difficult temperaments had better adjustment than less difficult infants when parenting quality was high and poorer adjustment when parenting quality was lower. 相似文献
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This article reviewed the recent fifteen years’ articles of empirical research on preschool children’s mental health, highlighting the issue concerning minors’ mental health. It found that psychological measurement tools were mainly revised from foreign countries, and that preschool children’s mental health were influenced by their coping styles, family upbringing modes, parents’ mental health and marital quality, parent-child relationships, teachers’ mental health, etc. And there was no enough evidence that factors such as age, gender, temperament, family socio-economic status, etc. had any effects on the mental health of preschool children. It, therefore, suggested that further research were needed in the aspects of measurement tools, physical environment and other social, cultural and physiological factors, influential mechanisms and multiple research methods 相似文献
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采用父母教养方式评价量表（EMBU）对某中学80名学生进行抽样调查,目的是提出科学可行的初中生父母教养方式。结果：大多数初中生父母教养方式处于正常范围,父母教养方式一致性程度较高,在性别和城乡上没有显著差异,但是在父亲的惩罚、严厉维度上,非独生子女极显著高于独生子女。结论：一致性程度比较高的教养方式有利于孩子的身心健康成长;独生子女与非独生子女家庭的父母教养方式可能对两类家庭成长的孩子形成不同的心理品质。 相似文献