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Copyright piracy on the university campus: Trends and lessons from the software and music industries
Abstract In a 1996–7 survey of students at three public universities and one private liberal arts college, Chiang and Assane (2002) found that 53 per cent of the sample admitted to software piracy. Though this is a staggering percentage, over the past five years the public focus on copyright piracy among young technology savvy users, particularly university students, has shifted from software to music piracy via file sharing and CD reproduction. This paper studies the characteristics of these industries along with recent technological advances affecting them. We analyze how economic incentives to reduce piracy on the university campus have been successful for the software indus‐ try, and how the lack of such incentives in the music industry has caused a larger piracy issue today. Based on these findings, we discuss possible solutions to reducing music piracy on the university campus. 相似文献
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Hee Sun Park 《Communication Studies》2013,64(2):162-175
This study investigates the relationship between attitudes toward a behavior and subjective norms in the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA). Unique to this research, attitudes toward a behavior are divided into social and personal attitudes in order to test an explanation for the moderate to high correlation between attitudes and subjective norms reported in previous research. As expected, only social attitudes toward a behavior are significantly related to subjective norms. The finding indicates that the overlap between attitudes and subjective norms in TRA research occurs when the attitudes studied are social in nature. Additionally, members of a collectivistic culture tend to score higher on subjective norms and social attitudes, but the high score on subjective norms and social attitudes does not necessarily contribute to predicting behavioral intention. It is suggested that cross‐cultural differences on the absolute strengths of attitudes and subjective norms may not translate to the differences in the relative weights of the two components in predicting behavioral intention. 相似文献
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While the intention and participation in media and software piracy have been widely investigated, little is known concerning the determinants associated with electronic book piracy. With the adoption of e-book reader devices, Internet piracy remains a global concern that impacts multiple stakeholders, including authors, publishers, and libraries. The current study aims to examine the factors associated with electronic book piracy among college students. Results indicate that peer association and perceived risk are significantly linked to one's participation in e-book piracy. However, techniques of neutralization are not statistically significant. Libraries and publishers must educate students and raise awareness about the potential outcomes and risks related to e-book piracy. 相似文献
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《Communication monographs》2012,79(4):448-470
College students' processing of alcohol, smoking, and exercise social norms messages, and related effects on judgments, attitudes toward one's own behaviors, and attitudes toward undergraduates' behaviors were examined using social norms marketing and Expectancy Violation Theory (EVT) (N=393). Receiving statistical social norms messages led to an expectancy violation of the perceived social norm (i.e., a discrepancy between the expected and actual statistic conveyed with a message). Consistent with Boster et al. (), the effect of the message discrepancy on attitudes was mediated by judgments. In accordance with social norms, when participants were provided with a statistic, the majority moved their judgments (but not their attitudes) toward the provided statistic, a result only consistent with EVT in the case of positive violations. The results have multiple implications: (1) social norms messages may work to change judgments, but do not result in consistent attitude change; (2) the process of judgment change functions similarly across message topics, as well as message types (i.e., attitudinal versus behavioral); (3) judgment change does not appear to be the main cause for attitude change upon receipt of a social norms message; and (4) a message‐based expectancy violation does not function in the same way as a violated behavioral expectation. 相似文献
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Roger Wimmer 《广播与电子媒介杂志》2013,57(3):385-386
Diverse viewpoints have emerged over whether male or female characters endure the brunt of the violence depicted in the subgenre of horror movies commonly referred to as “slasher” films. In order to address this issue, a content analysis of 10 slasher movies was conducted. Although the data reveal that death and destruction are predominant components of slasher films, there is no evidence of a systematic bias in the appearances or deaths of protagonists as a function of gender. Other content attributes of these films are examined and their implications discussed. 相似文献
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Graham Stephen Hukill Judith M. Arnold Julie Thompson Klein 《College & Undergraduate Libraries》2017,24(2-4):574-594
ABSTRACTThis article describes a collaborative partnership of two librarians and an English professor who created a unit for a senior capstone seminar on “The Digital Turn in English Studies.” After reading Charlotte Perkins Gilman's “The Yellow Wallpaper” in both print and digitized versions, students completed a survey on reading preferences and provided feedback on an experimental eTextReader allowing for annotation. Students also did blog postings providing a fuller picture of attitudes toward digital texts. We situate quantitative and qualitative findings in three contexts: the field of digital humanities, reading in the digital age, and tool development. 相似文献
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Jami A. Fullerton Matthew Hamilton Alice Kendrick 《Mass Communication and Society》2013,16(2):171-187
This study examines the relationship between Singaporean college students'attitude toward Americans and their exposure to U.S. exported entertainment media. The 328 Singaporean college student participants expressed relatively neutral attitudes toward Americans and reported high consumption of U.S. entertainment media (movies, television shows, magazines, music). Exposure to American media was found to correlate positively with student attitudes toward Americans. In contrast to some media critics' contention that exposure to U.S. media fosters negative attitudes among citizens of other countries, this study suggests that U.S. entertainment may influence attitude toward Americans in a positive direction. 相似文献
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网络环境下盗版传播的便捷化、普遍化,对在线教育视频版权保护提出了新挑战。基于网络服务提供者责任规范不合理,惩罚性赔偿制度不健全,缺乏私人复制网络盗版行为的立法规制,作品类型界定不统一,维权举证难、成本高等因素,著作权人在打击在线教育视频网络盗版中处于不利境地,盗版泛滥难以有效遏制。建议通过明确在线教育视频为录音录像制品、细化平台责任要件、明确私人复制盗版在线视频构成侵权、疏通惩罚性赔偿制度实施路径等举措,从多方面遏制在线教育视频网络盗版行为。 相似文献
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Fons Wijnhoven 《媒体管理杂志》2013,15(3):173-181
Abstract The Internet provides a challenge to existing media structures and cultural values, particularly in the distribution of recorded music. Peer‐to‐peer (P2P) file‐sharing sites like Napster and KaZaA have facilitated the widespread downloading of unlicensed music and the creation of a new kind of shared culture. In response, the established music industry is simultaneously attempting to undermine the impact of these exchanges (describing them as theft) and to take advantage of the possibilities of the Internet in reducing distribution costs and offering the possibility of a more direct relationship between labels and consumers. By drawing on both historical and contemporary analyses of the music industry, this article critiques the argument that digital downloads are necessarily hurting legal’ record sales and then problematises dominant definitions of piracy. The article then evaluates the evolving strategies of the major record companies as they try to come to terms with P2P culture and concludes that, while they may have the resources and the legal clout to withstand the challenge, they lack the cultural capital embodied in these new decentralised systems of cultural distribution and consumption. 相似文献
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《Communication monographs》2012,79(2):71-130
The effects of interpersonal reward and violations of conversational distancing expectations on compliance and interaction behaviors were tested in three retail shopping settings. Subjects were salespeople (N = 70, N = 49, N = 104) who were approached by confederates posing as customers or students conducting interviews on consumer behavior. Two levels of interpersonal reward (high versus low levels of apparent status, attractiveness, purchasing power and/or expertise) and three levels of distance (close violation, norm, far violation) were manipulated. Results showed high reward to induce more compliance with a request and more favorable interaction patterns than low reward. Distance violations evoked more arousal, activation and apparent distraction, while the favorability of reactions to distance violations tended to vary by reward level, as expected. Confounding effects of gender, confederate communication style, and possible nonverbal norms for compensation and reciprocity are also discussed. 相似文献
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《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(58):59-73
Abstract This study investigates library use and research behavior of business students at California State University San Marcos. A sample of 68 graduate and 91 undergraduate students were surveyed and observed for their behavior in three conceptual domains: query formulation and task assignments, pre-reference process expectations, and post-reference process responses. Participant observations confirmed many of the student attitudes revealed in the survey. Even with changes in provision of resources in new high tech libraries, findings confirm assumptions of business students' behavior in the earlier literature. 相似文献
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《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(57):179-186
Abstract This article describes fourteen Internet sites on popular entertainment subjects that provide information on books and book reviews, celebrities, movies, and restaurants. While there are innumerable entertainment-related resources on the Internet, these were selected because they provide a great deal of authoritative information that is easy to find. A brief summary describes the contents of each site. 相似文献
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《Communication Teacher》2013,27(4):191-197
Courses: Intercultural Communication, Gendered Communication, Nonverbal CommunicationObjectives: The aims of this single-class activity are (1) to illustrate the relationship between cultural norms and nonverbal communication, and (2) to demonstrate the impact of cultural norms on everyday life. 相似文献
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Naser Zamani-Miandashti Payam Memarbashi Parvin Khalighzadeh 《International Information and Library Review》2013,45(3-4):114-126
AbstractThe theory of planned behavior has received significant attention more recently. This study used a survey to apply the theory of planned behavior to predict the Internet utilization behavior among 214 undergraduate agricultural students in Iran. Coefficient correlations and linear regressions were employed to analyze relationships among constructs. Results revealed that subjective norm and intention were the strongest predictors of the Internet utilization behavior, which explained 57% of the variance. Perceived behavioral control was the most significant predictor of the Internet use intentions. Subjective norms, to a lesser degree also had important influences on intention. Attitude did not surface as an effective direct predictor of the Internet utilization behavior. Finally, the theory of planned behavior was supported as an effective model explaining the Internet utilization behavior. The most prevalent reason to stop using the Internet was that they were experiencing problems getting access to the Internet. 相似文献
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#OscarsSoWhite: how Stuart Hall explains why nothing changes in Hollywood and everything is changing
Isabel Molina-Guzmán 《Critical Studies in Media Communication》2016,33(5):438-454
ABSTRACTStuart Hall’s work on culture, representation, ideology and hegemony positions Hollywood as a cultural institution informed by and informative of US social values and norms. Thus contemporary debates over Hollywood's diversity are indicative of broader social conflicts. Empirically the article examines 2014–2015 news coverage of Hollywood to question the Hollywood paradox—the lack of diversity in film/TV production yet TV’s increasing shift towards on-screen diversity. It maps three discursive frames: Hollywood exceptionalism, economic imperatives, and institutionalized racism and sexism. The article concludes by using Hulu’s East Los High to reflect on TV’s digital turn and innovative models in production and representation. 相似文献
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《期刊图书馆员》2013,64(3):83-87
Abstract This paper describes a grant-funded research project to relocate selected print journal runs, for which an electronic version is available, to remote storage from the shelves of campus libraries at the University of California. During the project, users will rely on the electronic version of selected journals. Data, including costs associated with the project, usage of print journals, usage of electronic journals, as well as user behavior and attitudes, will be gathered and used to develop long-range strategies and institutional policies. 相似文献
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Speeches that advocated “institutional”; norms were compared with speeches that did not, in conditions where male and female speakers were varied. Female speakers were more successful when they took a noninstitutional position, and male speakers were more successful when they took an institutional position. “Masculinity”; and “Femininity”; were not significant factors in any of the effects. 相似文献