共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
通过现场采样及实验室分析测试,对潮州市工业区及郊区农田表土中重金属(Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn和Ni)的含量及分布进行了研究.结果表明,潮州市工业区土壤中Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn和Ni的含量均高于郊区农田土壤.以土壤环境质量标准(GB15618-1995)作为评价标准,计算出各工业区土壤的单因子污染指数和综合污染... 相似文献
2.
广州城区居民食用蔬菜重金属含量现状分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
秦文淑 《广东轻工职业技术学院学报》2010,9(4):17-21
通过对广州城区各居民菜场主要蔬菜进行采样,分析其中的Pb,Cd,Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn重金属含量水平,结果显示,Pb、Cr、Cd为广州市蔬菜的主要污染元素,其超标率分别达到22.2%、38.9%和13.9%。根茎类蔬菜的污染程度大于叶菜类和瓜果类。利用单因子污染指数法进行了评价,发现广州市蔬菜的污染比例在50%以上,其中28.9%为轻度污染。Cr与Zn、Cu之间存在极显著相关性,Cu、Zn之间存在显著相关性。 相似文献
3.
Genotypic and environmental variation in cadmium, chromium, arsenic, nickel, and lead concentrations in rice grains 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Genotypic and environmental variation in Cd, Cr, As, Ni and Pb concentrations of grains, and the relationships between these heavy metals and Fe, Zn were investigated using 9 rice genotypes grown in 6 locations for two successive years. Significant genotypic variation was detected in the five heavy metal concentrations in grains, indicating the possibility to reduce the concentration of these heavy metals in grains through breeding approach. The environmental effect varied with metal, with Pb and Ni having greater variation than the other three metals. There was significant genotype-environment （location） interaction of the concentrations of all five heavy metals in grains, suggesting the importance of cultivar choice in producing rice with low heavy metal concentrations in grains for a given location. Correlation analysis showed that Cd and As, Cr and Ni, and As and Pb concentrations in rice grains were closely associated, and that Ni concentration in grains was negatively correlated with Zn concentration. 相似文献
4.
对莆田市郊区蔬菜地土壤中pH值和有机质、Pb、Cd、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn的含量进行了测定,结果表明,莆田市郊区蔬菜地土壤重金属含量在地区内及地区间的差异较大,Ni、Cu平均含量以新度镇较高,Pb、Cd平均含量以镇海、拱辰办较高,Cr、Zn平均含量以黄石镇较高,各地区重金属元素受地区影响显著性排序为Zn>Cr>Cd>Pb>Cu>Ni。相关性分析表明,莆田市郊区蔬菜地土壤中部分重金属元素以及有机质间存在一定的相关性。所有样本中6种重金属均没有超过GB15618-1995二级标准值,但与福建省水稻土背景值比较,均有不同程度超背景值现象,其中Cr、Cu、Ni超背景值率较高,富集较明显。 相似文献
5.
利用等离子质谱(ICP-MS)及X射线荧光光谱(XRF)等分析技术对湘江湘潭段沉积物的重金属元素进行了系统的分析测定。结果表明:河岸沉积物中富集着多种重金属元素,其中湘潭入河处河岸沉积物中明显富集Sc、Cu、Zn、Pb等元素;出口处沉积物中存在着U、Cr、Ni、Ba等8种元素明显富集的现象;多种原因致使Mn、Pb在出口处沉积物中富集更加明显。Hankanson潜在生态危害指数法显示:大部分代表性重金属元素(如Mn、Co等)在湘潭段河岸沉积物中存在轻微的生态危害;Cr在XS沉积物中有极强生态危害风险(Eir=423.68),在ZB中也存在很强的生态危害风险(Eir=318.68)。 相似文献
6.
对漯河市蔬菜种植区土壤进行了重金属Cd、Pb、Hg、As、Cr、Cu、Zn、Ni含量的调查分析,并采用单项质量指数和环境要素综合质量指数相结合的方法对重金属环境质量状况进行了分析与评价。结果表明,漯河市3个主要露地蔬菜生产基地临颍、郾城和舞阳土壤重金属Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Cr、Cu、Zn和Ni的平均含量均低于"食用农产品产地环境质量评价标准"规定的限值。结合重金属的单项质量指数对三地菜地土壤的环境质量进行评价,舞阳有2个样品中的Cu和2个样品中的Ni质量指数大于0.7,环境质量等级为2级,属于尚清洁,处于警戒限;结合重金属的综合质量指数对三地菜地土壤的环境质量评定结果均为1级,土壤环境质量总体上属于清洁,适宜发展无公害蔬菜。 相似文献
7.
Immobilization of heavy metals in sludge using phosphoric acid and monobasic calcium phosphate 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The purpose of this research is to investigate the potential of pre-treatment with phosphoric acid(PA) and monobasic calcium phosphate(MCP) for the stabilization of heavy metals in sludge and its bottom ash.The tannery sludge samples were collected in Wenzhou,China and heavily contaminated with heavy metals,such as Pb,Cr and so on.The samples were pre-treated with PA or MCP.Then XRD and TCLP tests were adopted as the evaluating methods to characterize the Pb,Cr,Cu,Zn and Cd immobilization in the pre-treated sludge and its bottom ash.The results showed that this treatment effectively immobilized Pb and Cd in the sludge,lightly stabilized the metal Cu,and adversely,enhanced the leachability of Zn.After incineration at 900℃,Pb and Cr in the bottom ash of pre-treated sludge were significantly stabilized due to the formation of their highly thermostable phosphates and pyromorphite-like minerals during the incineration process.However,an increase of Cu and Zn solubility was observed which might be attributable to the acidification of sludge due to the addition of PA or MCP. 相似文献
8.
土壤重金属测定中不同消解方法的对比研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
分别用电热板法、密闭容器法和干灰化法对土壤样品进行预处理,然后用原子吸收分光光度法测定其中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr的含量,检测结果表明,密闭容器消解法效果优于其他两种,具有消解完全、挥发损失少、污染少和结果准确等优点. 相似文献
9.
A part of the heavy metals in estuary and coastal zone occurs naturally in the environment; the other part is due to human activity; so the directly measured concentration of heavy metal does not automatically indicate anthropogenic enrichment. Fe2O3 was used in this study as conservative tracer to distinguish natural components from anthropogenic components of heavy metal sediment concentration in the Zhujiang estuary. Compared with clay and Al2O3, Fe2O3 is more suitable as reference element. The final results showed that two zones in the Zhujiang estuary were seriously contaminated by heavy metals. One nearby the Humen mouth; the other around the west coast of the estuary. The horizontal distribution of heavy metals indicates that Zn, Ni and Cu have wider contaminating areas than TiO2, V and Cr in the estuary. 相似文献
10.
苏州河底泥重金属形态分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Nine elements （As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn） in sediment samples at 7 sites （Site 1-7） from Suzhou Creek in Shanghai were analyzed with the Community Bareau of Reference （BCR） （sequential extraction （SE）） protocol and simultaneously extracted metals （SEM）/acid volatile sulfide （AVS） procedure to assess the metal bioavailability and toxicology in this area. The results showed that the BCR extraction can be utilized as an additional tool with the AVS method for assessing the potential bioavailability and toxicity of metals in sediments. Pollution from S5 （Site 5） was more severe than from other sites, especially Pb, Cu and Zn. Among all the sites, more than 80% of the total concentration of Fe existed in the residual fraction, As, Cr, Mn also dominated in the residual fraction （more than 50%）. While Cd, Ni and Zn （more than 35%） were mainly in the non-stable phase. Cu had a strong affinity with oxidizable phase and Pb varied from site to site. The SEM/AVS ratio was less than one in these sediments and results implied that the majority of Zn and Ni （〉 40%） were bound to AVS. In contrast, Pb, Cu and Cd were little bound to AVS due to their low ration of SEM-Pb, Cu, Cd to corresponding total concentration and relatively high Dorewater concentration. 相似文献
11.
在赣南18个脐橙产区县(市),根据不同土壤类型,选择具有代表性的果园约90个作为取样果园,采用BCR法对土壤样品的土壤重金属的形态进行分析,研究果园土壤中不同重金属元素的形态分布特征.结果表明:赣南脐橙果园土壤中生物有效性重金属形态含量所占比例从高到低依次为:Pb>Cu>Zn>Ni>Cr,同时,重金属元素Ni、Cu、Cr、Zn和Pb在不同类型土壤中的含量和形态分布规律基本一致,且均以残渣态为主,五种重金属元素的潜在环境风险都较小. 相似文献
12.
13.
Lin Tang Wei-jun Luo Zhen-li He Hanumanth Kumar Gurajala Yasir Hamid Kiran Yasmin Khan Xiao-e Yang 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2018,19(2):147-158
Vegetables are important constituents of the human diet. Heavy metals and nitrate are among the major contaminants of vegetables. Consumption of vegetables and fruits with accumulated heavy metals and nitrate has the potential to damage different body organs leading to unwanted effects. Breeding vegetables with low heavy metal and nitrate contaminants is a cost-effective approach. We investigated 38 water spinach genotypes for low Cd and nitrate co-accumulation. Four genotypes, i.e. JXDY, GZQL, XGDB, and B888, were found to have low co-accumulation of Cd (<0.71 mg/kg dry weight) and nitrate (<3100 mg/kg fresh weight) in the edible parts when grown in soils with moderate contamination of both Cd (1.10 mg/kg) and nitrate (235.2 mg/kg). These genotypes should be appropriate with minimized risk to humans who consume them. The Cd levels in the edible parts of water spinach were positively correlated with the concentration of Pb or Zn, but Cd, Pb, or Zn was negatively correlated with P concentration. These results indicate that these three heavy metals may be absorbed into the plant in similar proportions or in combination, minimizing the influx to aerial parts. Increasing P fertilizer application rates appears to prevent heavy metal and nitrate translocation to shoot tissues and the edible parts of water spinach on co-contaminated soils. 相似文献
14.
王荔娟 《闽西职业技术学院学报》2014,(4):113-116
测定了汀江某河段9个采样点表层沉积物重金属元素（As、Cr、Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn）的含量,并采用富集系数法、地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对表层沉积物中重金属污染情况进行评价。研究结果表明,该河段表层沉积物受重金属污染已相当严重,其中以Cd污染最为严重,Cu、As次之,Cr、Pb、Zn污染较轻。总体上属于生态危害性很强的重污染水平。 相似文献
15.
南京市城郊零散菜地土壤及青菜中重金属含量特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
丁爱芳 《南京晓庄学院学报》2003,19(4):28-31
采集了南京市城郊零散菜地土壤和青菜配对样品各18个,用原子吸收光谱仪测定了其中铜、锌、铅、镉的含量,结果表明:南京市城郊菜地土壤中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd全量高于农区菜地土壤,Cu、Zn达到显著差异,重金属含量在土样之间有较大的变异性,反映了人为活动已对南京城郊土壤重金属产生了明显影响。城郊土壤上种植的青菜其可食部分重金属含量高于农区,尤其是对人体健康影响较大的Pb、Cd含量与农区相比存在显著差异,大大超过国家食品卫生标准。 相似文献
16.
土壤重金属污染是当今面临的一个较为重要环境问题,而土壤重金属污染的植物修复则是治理污染环境的重要手段之一,以淮南市某煤矿复垦区为例,根据不同植物的重金属富集系数及其转移系数,研究分析不同植物对不同重金属的富集能力;结果表明:车前草对Cu、Ni、Cd、Hg和As元素的富集能力较强,狗尾巴草对As、Ni和Cd元素有较强的富集能力;苦苣菜对Cu、Mn、Ni、Cd、Hg和As元素具有较强的富集能力;芦苇对Cu、Ni、Cd和Hg元素的富集能力较强;车前草、狗尾巴草对Hg元素的转移能力强;苦苣菜对重金属元素的转移能力较差;芦苇对重金属元素(除了Ni以外)的具有较强转移能力。 相似文献
17.
A part of the heavy metals in estuary and coastal zone occurs naturally in the environment; the other part is due to human activity; so the directly measured concentration of heavy metal does not automatically indicate anthropogenic enrichment. Fe2O3 was used in this study as conservative tracer to distinguish natural components from anthropogenic components of heavy metal sediment concentration in the Zhujiang estuary. Compared with clay and Al2O3, Fe2O3 is more suitable as reference element. The final results showed that two zones in the Zhujiang estuary were seriously contaminated by heavy metals. One nearby the Humen mouth; the other around the west coast of the estuary. The horizontal distribution of heavy metals indicates that Zn, Ni and Cu have wider contaminating areas than TiO2, V and Cr in the estuary. 相似文献
18.
化学淋洗法修复重金属污染土壤效果研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
在国内外相关研究的基础上,文章研究化学淋洗修复技术在重金属污染土壤修复方面的运用．用浓酸消解土样并用火焰原子吸收法测定土壤中重金属含量,选用土壤柱作淋洗实验,分析去离子水和EDTA溶液两种淋洗剂对Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd四种重金属的淋洗效率,并对化学淋洗修复效果进行比较． 相似文献
19.
绵阳市主要蔬菜基地土壤重金属污染特征与评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用地球化学元素背景值与绵阳浅层土壤元素背景值,按照地积累指数法与土壤重金属元素污染评价标准,对绵阳市主要蔬菜基地土壤重金属污染进行评价.结果表明：采用不同背景值得到相似的评价结果,研究区九岭镇蔬菜基地Zn为轻度污染,主要来自人为活动直接贡献;Cd为轻度污染,考虑为人为直接活动以外贡献;金峰镇蔬菜基地Cr、Cd为警戒水平,主要来自人为活动以外贡献;刘营镇蔬菜基地Zn、Cr为警戒水平,部分地区Cd为警戒-轻度污染,主要来自人为活动以外贡献. 相似文献
20.
应用地积累指数法评价淮河淮南段沉积物中重金属污染 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采集淮河淮南段4个采样点的12个沉积物样品,应用电感耦合等离子质谱仪对Pb、Zn、Cu、Cr等重金属的质量浓度进行了测试,并用地积累指数法评价了河流沉积物的重金属污染。结果表明:淮河淮南段沉积物中重金属总量及富集程度不高,富集的时间延展性不甚明显,沉积物受重金属污染的程度轻微。 相似文献