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1.
稻壳覆盖对设施黄瓜幼苗生长的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验以黄瓜幼苗为材料,研究稻壳覆盖对黄瓜幼苗生长和生理特性的影响。结果表明,稻壳覆盖显著提高了设施内土壤温度和土壤湿度,明显改善了设施土壤环境,促进对黄瓜幼苗的生长。表现在株高、茎粗、植株鲜重增加;与对照相比,稻壳覆盖处理还提高了黄瓜的根系活力及其硝酸还原酶活性。稻覆盖厚度在2cm左右时较有利于设施黄瓜的生长。 相似文献
2.
不同覆盖物覆盖对旱作水稻田间生态环境及产量的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用大田随机区组试验设计研究了地膜、纸膜、麦秸、油菜壳、青草五种不同覆盖物覆盖对旱作水稻田间生态环境及产量的影响。结果表明:油菜壳、麦秸、青草覆盖处理具有良好的隔热、吸水、保水作用,增加土壤的含水量,促进旱作水稻生长,有很好的增产效果,较对照分别增产1035.5kg/hm2、918.8 kg/hm2、566.9 kg/hm2,增幅为19.7%、17.5%、10.8%,增产达极显著水平;地膜覆盖具有增温、保水效果,较对照增产377.9kg/hm2,增幅为7.2%,增产达显著水平;纸膜覆盖处理较对照增产不显著。 相似文献
3.
地膜覆盖对西瓜产量的影响试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
李增援 《岳阳职业技术学院学报》2006,21(2):54-55
本试验对黑色地膜覆盖、无色透明地膜覆盖与露地栽培3种不同栽培方式进行比较,结果表明：覆盖黑色地膜的西瓜生长势、产量优于覆盖无色透明地膜和露地栽培西瓜。 相似文献
4.
二氢茉莉酸丙酯（PDJ）对水稻移栽苗生长的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
研究了不同浓度的PDJ溶液对水稻移栽苗生长的影响．结果表明,适当浓度的PDJ能提高水稻幼苗的抗干燥性和抗寒性,特别能提高抗干燥性;促进根系生长,促进分蘖;促进干物质的累积,从而提高了谷粒产量其中10mg／kgPDJ喷雾处理,提高了单株产量16．7％,差异显著;0．05mg/kgPDJ浸根处理,提高了单株产量20．8％,差异极显著。 相似文献
5.
几种新型种衣剂对小麦生长及产量的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文研究了几种新型种衣剂处理对小麦生长及产量影响.结果表明:几种新型种衣剂处理能提高小麦出苗率,处理较对照基本苗数提高3.48～13.68%;促进小麦生长,提高小麦产量,处理较对照增产3.8～13.2%,其中以激素增产型的增产效果最好. 相似文献
6.
7.
本文研究了几种新型种衣剂处理对小麦生长及产量影响。结果表明：几种新型种衣剂处理能提高小麦出苗率，处理较对照基本苗数提高3．48～13．68％；促进小麦生长，提高小麦产量，处理较对照增产3．8～13．2％，其中以激素增产型的增产效果最好。 相似文献
8.
通过田间种植试验探讨了不同氮肥处理对辣椒生长与叶绿素含量的影响.试验结果表明：低浓度氮肥处理促进了辣椒幼苗的营养生长;高浓度氮肥处理抑制了辣椒幼苗的营养生长.当氮肥浓度达到40Kg/666.7m2,辣椒株高、茎粗、植株开展度、最大叶面积和叶绿素含量等形态生长和生理指标均达到最大值,为本实验筛选的最佳氮肥处理.而氮肥处理100Kg/666.7m2,各指标明显降低,生产上不宜采用. 相似文献
9.
用盆栽试验研究了喷施天丰素对水稻生长及产量的影响。结果表明,喷施天丰素能促进水稻的生长,使生物产量、有效穗数、穗实粒数提高,实际产量处理较对照提高7.25%~22.97%,增产幅度达显著或极显著水平,且增产幅度与喷施次数呈正相关。 相似文献
10.
串叶松香草水土保持效益的初步研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文对串叶松香草的生长性能及土壤的抗冲性、渗透性、贮水量、土壤肥力变化、水土保持作用进行了初步研究,结果表明:串叶松香草覆盖效果好、生物量大(鲜草产量达225 t/(hm2·a)),根系发达。与对照裸地相比,地表径流减少28.36%-45.64%,泥土冲刷量减少58.15%-76.55%。 相似文献
11.
Effect of different mulch materials on winter wheat production in desalinized soil in Heilonggang region of North China 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
Freshwater shortage is the main problem in Heilonggang lower-lying plain, while a considerable amount of underground saline water is available. We wanted to find an effective way to use the brackish water in winter wheat production. Surface mulch has significant effect in reducing evaporation and decreasing soil salinity level. This research was aimed at comparing the effect of different mulch materials on winter wheat production. The experiment was conducted during 2002-2003 and 2003-2004. Four treatments were setup： （1） no mulch, （2） mulch with plastic film, （3） mulch with corn straw, （4） mulch with concrete slab between the rows. The result indicated that concrete mulch and straw mulch was effective in conserving soil water compared to plastic film mulch which increased soil temperature. Concrete mulch decreases surface soil salinity better in comparison to other mulches used. Straw mulch conserved more soil water but decreased wheat grain yield probably due to low temperature. Concrete mulch had similar effect with plastic film mulch on promoting winter wheat development and growth. 相似文献
12.
Field investigation on effects of wheat-straw/corn-stalk mulch on ecological environment of upland crop farmland 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
This work systematically investigates the effects of wheat-straw/corn-stalk mulch on the ecological environment in upland crops (winter wheat, summer corn) field from 1997 to 1998. With and without mulch soil moisture distribution, water demand, day and night variation of soil temperature, weeds control, crop yields, water and soil conservation, as well as improvement of soil texture were experimentally investigated. The optimal mulch rate for both water saving and yield-increase was determined. Ineffective interplant evaporation can be turned into effective transpiration of leaf by application of wheat-straw/corn-stalk mulch, which enhances the utility factor of soil moisture and reduces irrigation norm, and may also regulate soil temperature, increase soil fertility, and improve soil texture after being returned to the field. Wheat-straw/corn-stalk mulch inhibits evaporation of moisture so that accumulation of salinity near the soil surface is prevented, and thus ameliorates salinization of land. In the region of severe soil erosion, mulch is used to cover land so as to forestall hydraulic and wind erosion of the soil. 相似文献
13.
以盆栽辣椒为试验材料,用不同浓度的外源Cd处理土壤,观察记录辣椒的生长变化同时监测辣椒根、茎、叶、果实对Cd的累积吸收量;通过线性方程确定安全种植辣椒的Cd污染土壤的阈值.结果表明,随着土壤中添加的外源Cd量的增加,辣椒的长势明显变差,产量均小于对照,辣椒的根、叶、果实对Cd的吸收随着外源Cd量的增大而呈上升趋势,Cd在根内的积累大于在茎、叶、果实中的积累.当外源Cd质量浓度达到1.0 mg· kg^-1时,辣椒中的Cd含量可达到0.069 mg·kg^-1,超出GB2762-2005食品中污染物限量.该论文的工作为建立更加完善的绿色辣椒生产提供参考. 相似文献
14.
夏玉米覆膜种植水分利用效率试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过大田试验覆膜种植夏玉米研究水分利用效率,采用人工打孔取土以及烘干法测定土壤含水量,结果表明：覆膜种植能有效提高作物水分利用效率,夏玉米覆膜种植总需水量较露地减少34．14mm,水分利用效率比露地提高33．31％．作物系数KC值在灌浆期达到最大,其值为1．184． 相似文献
15.
Ridge culture is a special conservation tillage method, but the long-term influence of this tillage system on soil aggregate-size stability in paddy fields is largely unknown in southwest of China. The paper is to evaluate soil aggregate stability and to determine the relationship between soil organic carbon （SOC） and soil aggregate stability. Soil samples at 0 cm-20 cm layer were adopted from a long-term （16 a） field experiment including conventional tillage： plain culture, summer rice crop and winter upland crop under drained conditions （PUR-r）; and conservation tillage： ridge culture without tillage, summer rice and winter fallow with floodwater layer annually （NTR-f）, winter upland crop under drained conditions （NTR-r）, and wide ridge culture without tillage, summer rice crop and winter upland crop under conditions （NTRw-r）, respectively. Different pretreatments, such as slaking in fast wetting, wetting and subsequent slaking, were applied to simulate the breakdown mechanisms of aggregates in paddy soil. The results show that soil particles contents were mainly consisted of silt （0.050 mm to 1.000 mm） in fraction of 42.9% to 51.2%, sand （0.050 mm to 0.001 mm） in fraction of 28.0% to 31.8%, and clay （〈0.001 mm） in fraction of 17.9% to 25.4%. The amount of aggregate-size was greatly observed in fraction of 2.000 mm-6.720 mm under ridge culture in paddy soil （more than 50$） under slaking and wetting pretreatment. The proportion of soil macro-aggregates （〉0.250 mm） in conservation tillage was greatly higher than that in conventional tillage under subsequent fast slaking treatment. Minimal differences of aggregate stability between slaking in fast wetting and wetting were observed, while significant differences were found between ridge culture and plain culture. The aggregate stability under slaking treatment ranked in the order of NTR-r〉NTRw-r〉 NTR-f 〉 PUR-r, while under wetting was NTRw-r 〉 NTR-r 〉 NTR-f 〉PUR-r. There was a positive correlation between the aggregate stability and SOC concentration under wetting, and a low correlation was observed under slaking pretreatment. Soil exposure with tillage and lack of rice/rape-seed stubble inputs caused declines in aggregation and organic carbon, both of which make soil susceptible to water erosion. Adoption of ridge culture with no-tillage integrated with crop rotation and stubble mulch significantly altered soil organic concentration. It was a valuable conservation practice for soil aggregation and soil organic carbon sequestration on paddy soil. 相似文献
16.
以灭菌茶园土壤施入混合菌肥,探讨茶叶专用菌肥微生物在不同土壤环境中存活状况、变化规律.结果表明菌肥细菌生长适宜的土壤环境条件是土壤含水量为20-25％,土壤温度为25℃,pH4左右的酸性土壤石灰添加量为0.4-0.8％（约土壤pH6.6-7.3）为宜;制约菌肥放线菌在土壤中生长繁殖因素主要为土壤pH和含水量,以土壤pH6.6-7.3,含水量为15-20％为宜.土壤环境因素对菌肥真菌生长的影响大小排序依次为pH、水分和温度,酸性土壤最有利于真菌的生长繁殖. 相似文献
17.
土壤细菌是土壤微生物的一个重要组成部分,土壤有机碳变化与之密切相关,研究不同环境下土壤细菌特征对提高土壤肥力具有重大意义.本文通过对不同环境土壤细菌进行培养与分析,并研究了其土壤细菌菌落在不同温度、酸度及不同土层深度时细菌菌落的变化.结果表明:不同环境的土壤中,以菜地里的土壤细菌种类和数量最多,为1.0× 108cfu/g,湖边土壤的细菌数量最少,为6.67×107cfu/g.本培养实验表明,大多细菌最适合的生长环境为pH≈7,土层深度为10cm,温度30℃～40℃的条件下.所以,适宜的环境及人为施肥与耕作可以提高土壤的微生物量. 相似文献
18.
辣椒炭疽病原菌生物学特性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对炭疽病典型症状的辣椒果实进行分离纯化获得炭疽病原菌,诱导产孢进行形态学鉴定,在不同温度、光照、培养基成分等条件下对该病原菌生物学特性进行研究。结果表明,诱导产孢进行形态学鉴定该病原菌为胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides);菌丝生长的最适温度为25~30℃;菌丝正常生长不受光照条件影响;菌丝的生长受大蒜和芥菜中的某些成份的抑制。该研究以期为辣椒病害防治以及品质的提高提供理论依据。 相似文献
19.
老龄杉木林土壤活性有机碳的动态变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过在福建南平西芹教学林场对老龄杉木林不同坡位土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)和土壤可溶性有机碳(DOC)动态变化研究,结果表明:土壤MBC和土壤DOC具有明显的季节性波动,均在植物生长旺季维持在较低水平,在植物休眠季节维持在较高水平;在0—20cm的土层内,老龄杉木林不同坡位土壤MBC和土壤DOC的变幅分别在210.44—1418.90mg.kg-1和8.24—38.54mg.kg-1,两种易变有机碳的含量基本表现为中坡位>下坡位>上坡位;相关分析表明,土壤MBC与DOC之间的相关性达到显著水平,土壤MBC和DOC与土壤温度显著负相关,与土壤含水量、凋落物生物量和降雨量的相关性未达到显著水平,说明土壤MBC和土壤DOC的变化与土壤中的微生物活性、林木的生长以及根系分泌物等因素有关。 相似文献
20.
辣椒青枯病拮抗细菌的筛选及其鉴定 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
从河南扶沟、江苏南京和淮阴等地的辣椒、番茄和黄瓜植物根围土壤中分离到100个细菌菌株.采用抑菌圈-定殖力双重测定法,筛选出5株终定植密度大于104cfu/g根、抑菌能力较强的细菌菌株;并对5个生物防治菌进行了生理生化测定.结果表明,5个生物防治菌分别属芽孢杆菌属、沙雷氏菌属、假单孢菌属和肠杆菌属. 相似文献