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1.
Use and effects of liver specific antigen in orthotopic liver transplantations were researched in this study. Group I: syngeneic control (Wistar-to-Wistar); Group II: acute rejection (SD-to-Wistar); Group III: Thymic inoculation of SD rat LSA day 7 before transplantation. The observation of common situation and survival time, rejection grades, NF-κB activity of splenocytes and IL-2mRNA expression of grafted liver were used to analyze acute rejection severity and immune state of animals in different groups. The common situation of group I was very well after transplantation and no signs of rejection were found. Recipients of group II lost body weight progressively All dead within day 9 to day 13 posttransplantation; median survival time was 10.7 ±0.51 days. It was an optimal acute rejection control. As for group III, 5 out of 6 recipients survived for a long time and common situation was remarkably better than that of group II. Its rejection grades were significantly lower than that of group II(P<0.05). NF-κB activity was only detected in group I at day 5 and day 7 after transplantation, whereas high activity of NF-κB was detected at all time points in groupII and the low NF-κB activity detected in group III was significantly lower than that of group II (P<0.05). No IL-2mRNA expression was detected at any time point in group I, whereas high level expression was detected at all time points in group II and the low level expression only detected at day 3 in group III was significantly lower than that of group II (P<0.05). Conclusion: LSA is an important transplantation antigen which is involved directly in the immunorejection of liver transplantation. We report here for the first time that intrathymic inoculation of LSA can alleviate the rejection of liver allotransplantation; and that grafts can survive for a long time thereby, thus leading to a novel way to achieve liver transplantation immunotolerance. Project (NO. 011106206) supported by the Science and Technology Bureau of Zhejiang Province Foundation  相似文献   

2.
The present study is designed to investigate the protection by ferulic acid against the hepatotoxicity induced by diosbulbin B and its possible mechanism, and further observe whether ferulic acid augments diosbulbin B-induced anti-tumor activity. The results show that ferulic acid decreases diosbulbin B-increased serum alanine transaminase/aspartate transaminase (ALT/AST) levels. Ferulic acid also decreases lipid peroxide (LPO) levels which are elevated in diosbulbin B-treated mice. Histological evaluation of the liver demonstrates hydropic degeneration in diosbulbin B-treated mice, while ferulic acid reverses this injury. Moreover, the activities of copper- and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) and catalase (CAT) are decreased in the livers of diosbulbin B-treated mice, while ferulic acid reverses these decreases. Further results demonstrate that the mRNA expressions of CuZn-SOD and CAT in diosbulbin B-treated mouse liver are significantly decreased, while ferulic acid prevents this decrease. In addition, ferulic acid also augments diosbulbin B-induced tumor growth inhibition compared with diosbulbin B alone. Taken together, the present study shows that ferulic acid prevents diosbulbin B-induced liver injury via ameliorating diosbulbin B-induced liver oxidative stress injury and augments diosbulbin B-induced anti-tumor activity.  相似文献   

3.
Objective: To study the effect and implication of nonmyeloablative donor specific bone marrow (DSBM) infusion on the immunoreaction of liver allotransplantation. Methods: Orthotopic liver transplantation model was used in this study. Groups were set as follows: Group Ⅰ, syngeneic control (Wistar-to-Wistar); Group Ⅱ, acute rejection (SD-to-Wistar); Group Ⅲ, acute rejection treated with cyclosporine A (CsA) by intramuscular injection (SD-to-Wistar CsA); Group Ⅳ, bone marrow infusion at 7 d pretransplantation followed by short-term CsA treatment (SD-to-Wistar DSBM); Another group of short-term CsA treatment preoperatively without bone marrow infusion was also set as control. General characteristics and survival time were observed.Histological grades of rejection were determined by pathological examination. IL-2 and IFN-γ level in peripheral blood and donor liver were detected respectively by Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) and Western blot. Chimerism of donor cells was measured by PCR for a male-specific marker (Y-chromosome-specific sequence, Sry). Results: No signs of rejection were found in Group Ⅰ. Acute rejection occurred in both Group Ⅱ and the short-term CsA treated group. All the recipients died at (9～15)d posttransplantation with a median survival time of (10.7±0.5) d and (11.2±2.4) d, respectively. Only mild rejection could be seen in Group Ⅲ. In Group Ⅳ, 4 out of 6 recipients had long-term survival (＞100 d), the histological grade of rejection was significantly lower than that of Group Ⅱ, so did the expression level of IL-2 and IFN-γ in both peripheral blood and grafted liver.Y-chromosome-specific sequence (Sry) of male SD rats could be detected in the bone marrow, spleen and thymus of female recipients at 15 d after bone marrow infusion. Conclusion: Mild preconditioning nonmyeloablative donor specific bone marrow infusion can enhance chimerism formation in recipients, alleviate the rejection of liver allotransplantation and prolong survival of liver allotransplantation.  相似文献   

4.
The optimization of cultural conditions for β-glucanase production byBacillus subtilis ZJF-1A5 was investigated in flask trials. Temperature had great effect on β-glucanase production which maximized at optimal temperature of 37°C and decreased significantly when temperature was over 37°C. Charge quantity affected β-glucanase production significantly. Adding oxygen vector N-dodecane or acetic ether benefited β-glucanase production, but it depended on the concentration and charge quantity. The results of fractional factorial design showed that age and size of inoculum and shaking speed were the key factors affecting β-glucanase production and the cultivation time span to reach the highest β-glucanase activity. The optimal cultural conditions for β-glucanase production obtained with CCD were as follows: inoculum age and size (16 h, 3.82% (v/v)), shaking speed 210 r/min, charge quantity of 30 mL in 250 mL flask and initial pH 7.0, cultured at 37°C for 50 h. Repeated experimental results accorded with those predicted by a second-order polynomial model. The amount of β-glucanase, α-amylase and neutral protease produced byB subtilis ZJF-1A5 was associated partially with cell growth. Those three enzymes' activities increased following the cell growth and increased significantly when cells entered the stationary phase. Project (No. B0608) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and a grant (2001121B25) from Hangzhou Science and Technology Development Project of Zhejiang Province, China  相似文献   

5.
Objective: To study the stereoselective glucuronidation of carvedilol (CARV) by three Chinese liver microsomes. Methods: The metabolites of CARV were identified by a hydrolysis reaction with β-glucuronidase and HPLC-MS/MS. The enzyme kinetics for CARV enantiomers glucuronidation was determined by a reversed phase-high pressure liquid chromatogra-phy (RP-HPLC) assay using (S)-propafenone as internal standard after precolumn derivatization with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosylisothiocyanate. Results: Two CARV glucuronides were found in three Chinese liver microsomes incubated with CARV. The non-linear regression analysis showed that the values of Km and Vmax for (S)-CARV and (R)-CARV enantiomers were (118±44) μmol/L, (2 500±833) pmol/(min·mg protein) and (24±7) μmol/L, (953±399) pmol/(min·mg protein), respectively. Conclusion: These results suggested that there was a significant (P<0.05) stereoselective glucuronidation of CARV enantiomers in three Chinese liver microsomes, which might partly explain the enantioselective pharmacokinetics of CARV.  相似文献   

6.

Objectives

This study aimed to compare the learning curves of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) in a transforaminal approach at the L4/5 and L5/S1 levels.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the first 60 cases at the L4/5 level (Group I) and the first 60 cases at the L5/S1 level (Group II) of PELD performed by one spine surgeon. The patients were divided into subgroups A, B, and C (Group I: A cases 1–20, B cases 21–40, C cases 41–60; Group II: A cases 1–20, B cases 21–40, C cases 41–60). Operation time was thoroughly analyzed.

Results

Compared with the L4/5 level, the learning curve of transforaminal PELD at the L5/S1 level was flatter. The mean operation times of Groups IA, IB, and IC were (88.75±17.02), (67.75±6.16), and (64.85±7.82) min, respectively. There was a significant difference between Groups A and B (P<0.05), but no significant difference between Groups B and C (P=0.20). The mean operation times of Groups IIA, IIB, and IIC were (117.25±13.62), (109.50±11.20), and (92.15±11.94) min, respectively. There was no significant difference between Groups A and B (P=0.06), but there was a significant difference between Groups B and C (P<0.05). There were 6 cases of postoperative dysesthesia (POD) in Group I and 2 cases in Group IIA (P=0.27). There were 2 cases of residual disc in Group I, and 4 cases in Group II (P=0.67). There were 3 cases of recurrence in Group I, and 2 cases in Group II (P>0.05).

Conclusions

Compared with the L5/S1 level, the learning curve of PELD in a transforaminal approach at the L4/5 level was steeper, suggesting that the L4/5 level might be easier to master after short-term professional training.
  相似文献   

7.
The production of elastase by Bacillus sp. EL31410 at various temperatures was investigated. In order to study the effect of temperature on elastase fermentation, different cultivation temperatures, ranging from 39 °C to 28 °C, were evaluated in shake flask. The result indicated that 37 °C was best for cell growth at earlier stage; while maximum elastase activity was obtained when the cells were cultivated at 30 °C. This result was verified by batch fermentation in 5-L bioreactor under 37 °C and 30 °C temperature, respectively. The specific cell growth rate at 37 °C was higher than that at 30 °C during earlier stage of cultivation. The maximum value [5.5 U/(h·g DCW)] of elastase formation rate occurred at 24 h at 30 °C compared to 4.6 U/(h·g DCW) at 30 h at 37 °C. Based on these results, two-stage temperature shift strategy and oscillatory temperature cultivation mode were evaluated in the next study. When compared to single temperature of 37 °C or 30 °C, both two-stage temperature shift strategy and oscillatory temperature strategy improved biomass but did not yield the same result as expected for elastase production. The maximum biomass (both 8.6 g/L) was achieved at 30 h at 37 °C, but at 42 h using two-stage temperature cultivation strategy. The highest elastase production (652 U/ml) was observed at 30 °C in batch process. It was concluded that cultivation at constant temperature of 30 °C was appropriate for elastase production by Bacillus sp. EL31410. Project (No. 20276064) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China  相似文献   

8.
INTRODUCTION The physics of plastic deformation and crack propagation at atomic level is complex but is essential for the development of new materials. This requires an understanding of the atomic level phenomena associated with the plastic deformation. In this con- text, emission of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) during plastic deformation and crack propagation in metals and alloys, and generation of transient mag- netic fields during crack initiation in ferromagnetic materials are rep…  相似文献   

9.
目的:探求适用于低收入人群十二指肠溃疡(DU)患者经济、有效的治疗方案。方法:将156例活动性DU患者随机分成2组,治疗组82例,用呋喃唑酮200mg、乐得胃2片每天三次,法莫替丁20mg早晚各一次治疗2周:对照组74例,用羟氨苄青霉素500mg、胶体果胶铋100mg(以Bi计)每天三次,奥美拉唑40mg每天早晨一次治疗2周,疗程结束时复查胃镜观察溃疡愈合情况,疗程结束后4周取胃粘膜检查幽门螺杆菌(HP),观察HP根除情况。结果:治疗组和对照组对DU有效率分别为93.6％和94.5％,无统计学差异(P>0.05),HP根除率分别为82.3％和95.7％,对照组明显高于治疗组(P<0.01);治疗组2例出现白细胞轻度降低(3.5×10~9/L),对照组1例ALT轻度升高,治疗结束后均恢复,余无严重不良反应。呋喃唑酮、乐得胃、法莫替丁联合治疗DU,虽然HP根除率稍低,但经济、安全、有效,尤其适用于低收入患者。  相似文献   

10.
Objective: To construct a PC12 cell strain with neuronal differentiation, and observe the apoptosis and pro-liferation activity effects induced these cells by Amyloid beta-Protein (Aβ-43). Methods: 1) PC12 cells in logarithmicgrowth phase were subcultured for 24 h. After the culture fluid was changed, the cells were treated with Rat-β-NGF andcultured for 9 days. 2) Neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells in logarithmic growth phase were divided into four groups:control group (0), experimental group (1), experimental group (2) and experimental group (3). The concentrations of Aβ inthe four groups were 0 μmol/L, 1.25 μ mol/L, 2.5 μ mol/L and 5 μmol/L, respectively. The cells were harvested at 24, 48 and72 h later and stained with AnnexinV-FITC/PI after centrifugation and washing. Then flow cytometry was conducted toexamine the apoptosis percentage. 3) NGF-induced PC12 cells were selected and Aβ with different concentrations wasadded. The final concentrations of Aβ were 0 μmol/L, 1.25 μmol/L, 2.5 μmol/L and 5 μ mol/L, respectively. After the cellswere incubated in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 at 37 ℃ in an incubator for 72 h, the OD values were examined. Results: 1)Neuronal differentiated PC 12 cell lines were successfully established. 2) Flow cytometric examination indicated that Aβ(1.25, 2.5, and 5.0 μmol/L) could effectively induce apoptosis of neuronal-differented cells at the 24 h, 48 h and 72 h timepoints. 3) Aβ (0-5.00 μ mol/L) had no obvious effect on proliferation or restraining of the neuronal differentiation of thePC 12 cells after a 72 h interacting process. Conclusion: This investigation revealed successful neuronal differentiation of thePC12 cell strain. The induction of apoptosis of the neurocytes by various concentrations of Aβ was observed and the in-fluence of Aβ on induced proliferation of PC 12 cells by Rat-β-NGF was revealed. This study -05 provide basis for futureresearch on the molecular cure of AD and interdiction of AD evolution.  相似文献   

11.
To investigate the inhibiting effect of β-Aescin on nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)activation and the expression of tumornecrosis factor-α(TNF-α)protein after traumatic brain injury(TBI)in the rat brain,62 SD rats were subjected to lateral corticalimpact injury caused by a free-falling object and divided randomly into four groups:(1)sham operated(Group A);(2) injured(Group B);(3)β-Aescin treatment(Group C);(4) pyrrolidine dithocarbamate(PDTC) treatment(Group D).β-Aescin was ad-ministered in Group C and PDTC treated in Group D immediately after injury.A series of brain samples were obtained directly 6h,24 h and 3 d respectively after trauma in four groups.NF-κB activation was examined by Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay(EMSA);the levels of TNF-α protein were measured by radio-immunoassay(RIA);the water content of rat brain was measuredand pathomorphological observation was carried out.NF-κB activation,the levels of TNF-α protein and the water content of ratbrain were significantly increased(P＜0.0  相似文献   

12.
A novel voltage output integrated circuit temperature sensor   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
The novel integrated circuit (IC) temperature sensor presented in this paper works similarly as a two-terminal Zener, has breakdown voltage directly proportional to Kelvin temperature at 10 mV/℃, with typical error of less than ±1.0℃ over a temperature range from -50℃ to +125℃. In addition to all the features that conventional IC temperature sensors have, the new device also has very low static power dissipation ( 0.5 mW ) , low output impedance ( less than 1Ω), excellent stability, high reproducibility, and high precision. The sensor's circuit design and layout are discussed in detail. Applications of the sensor include almost any type of temperature sensing over the range of -50℃-+125℃. The low impedance and linear output of the device make interfacing the readout or control circuitry especially easy. Due to the excellent performance and low cost of this sensor, more applications of the sensor over wide temperature range are expected.  相似文献   

13.
Objective:To evaluate the pharmacological effects of traditional Chinese medicine,bear bile capsule and Huangqi granule,on recurrent parotitis in children.Methods:In this prospective,controlled,and randomized study,a total of 151 young children were divided into three groups:Group A included massaging the children’s parotid region and melting vitamin C in their mouth daily;Group B included swallowing bear bile capsule and Huangqi granule daily;and Group C included massages and vitamin C as prescribed in Group A,and traditional Chinese medicine as prescribed in Group B.Children were treated individually for one month and then a follow-up study was conducted for 1 to 3.5 years.Analysis of variance(ANOVA) and Ridit analysis were employed for statistical analysis.Results:The recurrence rate decreased in every group,but was significantly more in Groups B and C when compared to Group A.The recurrences significantly decreased(P<0.01) in Group B and their recovery rate was as high as 63%,significantly better than those of the other groups(P<0.01).Conclusions:Huangqi and bear bile could be a novel clinical approach for treating recurrent parotitis in children.  相似文献   

14.
Non-α-tocopherols are hydroxymethylated and hydrogenated to produce α-tocopherol in one pot process bysimultaneously reacting with paraformaldehyde and hydrogen in the presence of catalysts of benzenesulfonic acid and 5%Pd/C in an autoclave. Effects of various operation conditions have been studied. The preferable reaction conditions are: temperature 180 ℃ to 200 ℃, pressure 5.0 MPa, acid concentration 0.5 g/100 ml ethanol, mass ratio of Pd/C to tocopherols 7.1 g/100 g, and reaction time 5.0 h. A product with α-tocopherol content of 80% was obtained by using a raw material with a total tocopherols content of 80.54%. The conversion of non-α-tocopherols is almost 100%, and the mole yield ofα-tocopherol is more than 90%.  相似文献   

15.
Objective: To compare the dose requirements of continuous infusion of rocuronium and atracurium throughout orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in humans. Methods: Twenty male patients undergoing liver transplantation were randomly assigned to two comparable groups of 10 patients each to receive a continuous infusion of rocuronium or atracurium under intravenous balanced anesthesia. The response of adductor pollicis to train-of-four (TOF) stimulation of unlar nerve was monitored. The infusion rates of rocuronium and atracurium were adjusted to maintain T1/Tc ratio of 2%–10%. The total dose of each drug given during each of the three phases of OLT was recorded. Results: Rocuronium requirement, which were (0.468±0.167) mg/(kg·h) during the paleohepatic phase, decreased significantly during the anhepatic phase to (0.303±0.134) mg/(kg·h) and returned to the initial values at the neohepatic period ((0.429±0.130) mg/(kg·h)); whereas atracuruim requirements remained unchanged during orthotopic liver transplantation. Conclusions: This study showed that the exclusion of the liver from the circulation results in the significantly reduced requirement of rocuronium while the requirement of atracurium was not changed, which suggests that the liver is of major importance in the clearance of rocuronium. A continuous infusion of atracurium with constant rate can provide stable neuromuscular blockade during the three stages of OLT.  相似文献   

16.
INTRODUCTION The use of anaerobic process to treat municipal organic solid waste (MOSW) has dramatically in-creased recently. Anaerobic digestion can be carried out under ambient (<25 °C), mesophilic (25~45 °C) and thermophilic (>45 °C) conditions (El-Mashad et al., 2004). Thermophilic digestion has many advan-tages such as higher metabolic rate and higher con-sequent specific growth rate compared with meso-philic digestion, although the thermophilic bacteria death rate is higher (…  相似文献   

17.
Characteristics of fluoride emission from five clay minerals (montmorillonite, kaolinite, vermiculite, geothite, and allophane) as affected by temperature, heating time and addition of calcium compounds were studied. Marked increase of the fluoride emission rate was noticed with increase of temperature. The fluoride release, began at 500°C–600°C, and the main bulk of the fluoride emission occurred at the temperature of about 800°C. The loss of crystalline water was primarily responsible for the increase of fluoride emission. When minerals were heated at 800°C, The fluoride emission rate from the clay minerals reached the highest after heating for 1 hour. The samples treated by CaO, CaCO3, Ca(OH)2, Ca3(PO4)2, and CaSO4 had 55.45%, 59.58%, 46.45%, 54.31%, 31.25% reduction in the fluoride emission from montmorillonite at the temperature of 800°C, respectively. CaCO3 had the highest fluoride fixing capacity compared to other calcium compounds. Project supported by the Special Funds for Major State Basic Research Project 973 (G1999011809) and Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province.  相似文献   

18.
目的:探讨糖尿病性脂肪肝胰岛素强化治疗的方法、效果,临床病理变化。方法:将42例糖尿病性脂肪肝患者分为A、B两组,分别采用静点胰岛素、皮下注射胰岛素强化治疗,肝穿刺活检检查肝组织病理变化。结果:两者间不同时相血糖及血浆胰岛素浓度有显著性差异(P<0.05);肿大肝脏恢复正常大小时间的差异有显著性(P<0.01);肝穿活检证实代谢紊乱纠正后脂肪肝可以逆转。结论:提示静点胰岛素强化治疗糖尿病性脂肪肝优于皮下注射胰岛素强化治疗。  相似文献   

19.
Osteochondral allografting has been proved to be a useful method to treat diseased or damaged areas of joint surfaces. Operational long-term stocks of grafts which supply a buffer between procurement and utilization would contribute to the commercialization or industrialization of this technology. Vitrification has been thought to be a promising method for successful preservation of articular cartilage (AC), but high concentration cryoprotectants (CPAs) are used which may cause high cellular toxicity. An effective way to reduce CPA toxicity is to increase CPA concentration gradually while the temperature is lowered. Understanding the mechanism of CPA permeation at subzero temperatures is important for designing the cryopreservation protocol. In this research, the permeation of dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) in ovine AC at subzero temperatures was studied experimentally. Pretreated AC discs were exposed in Me2SO solutions for different time (0, 5, 15, 30, 50, 80, and 120 min) at three temperature levels (−10, −20, and −30 °C). The Me2SO concentration within the tissue was determined by ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry. The diffusion coefficients were estimated to be 0.85×10−6, 0.48×10−6, and 0.27×10−6 cm2/s at −10, −20, and −30 °C, respectively, and the corresponding activation energy was 29.23 kJ/mol. Numerical simulation was performed to compare two Me2SO addition protocols, and the results demonstrated that the total loading duration could be effectively reduced with the knowledge of permeation kinetics.  相似文献   

20.
INTRODUCTION In recent years, thermo-ablation of liver cancerhas received increasing attention. Generally this canbe achieved by radiofrequency (RF) or Nd:YAG laser(Tanabe et al., 2004; Nikfarjam and Christophi, 2003;Erce and Parks, 2003). Of great importance to themethod’s success is the size of the induced coagula-tion necrosis; the lesion size largely depends on thetemperature distribution in the target volume, whichis determined partly by the blood perfusion in thetarget or…  相似文献   

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