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1.
对人参皂甙20(s)-原人参二醇组中的两种主要单体皂甙Rd与Rb_1在近似胃液条件下的酸水解情况以HPLC法进行了分析检测,结果表明:人参皂甙Rd降解产生次级甙20(s)一Rg_3和F_2;Rb_1降解产生次级甙20(s)-Rg_3、F_2和Rd.综合这些研究,文中对该条件下皂甙甙键的裂解顺序、次级甙的衍生规律以及水解相关因素的影响亦做了初步探讨与归纳。 相似文献
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3.
本文针对丹东地区家参质量的气相色谱评价方法进行研究。对人参中的主要作用成份达玛烷型皂甙的主要水解产物人参三醇和人参二醇在一定的气相色谱条件下进行分析检测。并对人参的鲜样和干样进行提取比较。该项研究为丹东地区的家参产业的进一步发展提供了科学的方法和手段 相似文献
4.
孙化民 《辽宁教育行政学院学报》1996,(5)
人参根多糖的研究孙化民人参为名贵药材，具有多种药效。长期以来，人们对它的利用主要成份是人参乌甙．人参经提取人参皂甙后，生产中仅利用了其中４—５％的有效成份，其余的则作为人参废渣扔掉．但人参的生物活性除人参皂甙外，其它成份亦不可忽视。通过动物实验表明，... 相似文献
5.
人参(Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer)和三七(Panax notoginseng(Burk.)F.H.Chen)均富含具有生理活性的多种皂甙成分。由于皂甙的提取和分离技术繁复不适于大量制备,我们研究采用吸附树脂层析法进行皂甙的提取和分离。实验表明,这一简易、快速而经济的新工艺流程用于皂甙的提取和精制克服了一般经典方法(如正丁醇萃取法、沉淀法等)需要化学试剂种类多、耗量大、成本高、操作复杂等缺点,且皂甙得率高、质量稳定。吸附树脂层析法也可用于人参和三七皂甙的分组分离和主要皂甙单体的制备。我们将这一方法用于其他植物甙类成分的提取和分离也取得了一定的成功。兹简介如下: 相似文献
6.
崔连华 《河北北方学院学报(医学版)》1997,(5)
中国人参茎叶皂甙溶于0.9％生理盐水,配制成6mg/100ml,按30mg/kg体重对Wis-tar品系大白鼠进行腹腔注射,开始训练前三天开始注射,之后每天训练前半小时腹腔注人参茎叶皂甙,开始训练的第二十天停止注射,对照组注射相同剂量的生理盐水。实验结果说明给药组较之对照组学习速度要快,但这种作用较缓慢,停药后,人参茎叶皂甙的效果达最高且可持续一段时间,然后下降。此时,再注射人参茎叶皂甙一星期,又可看到均百分数明显升高,且此现象可以持续一段时间。所以给药组的学习记忆可以在高水平巩固一段时间,较之对照组记忆巩固要好。 学习记忆的情况雌鼠较雄鼠为好,给药组和对照组均是这样。给药组大白鼠的体重的增加比对照组快。 相似文献
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目的:研究人参皂甙Rg1对小鼠脂肪干细胞神经样分化的促进作用,并初步探讨其作用机理。创新点:证明了人参皂甙Rg1可以通过mi RNA-124途径促进脂肪干细胞的神经样分化。方法:从BALB/c小鼠腹股沟和睾丸脂肪垫处分离培养脂肪干细胞,利用流式细胞仪检测分离的脂肪干细胞纯度。试验分为以下五组:磷酸缓冲盐溶液(PBS)组、3-异丁基-1-甲基黄嘌呤(IBMX)组、IBMX+Rg1低剂量组、IBMX+Rg1中剂量组和IBMX+Rg1高剂量组。用细胞免疫组化方法检测了脂肪干细胞向神经样细胞的分化效率,用荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(qP CR)方法检测mi RNA-124的表达变化,用免疫印迹的方法检测巢蛋白(nestin)、βIII-微管蛋白(βIII-tubulin)及羧基端小结构域磷酸酶1(SCP1)的表达水平。结论:免疫组化结果显示,IBMX可以成功诱导小鼠脂肪干细胞向神经样细胞的分化;免疫印迹结果显示,Rg1可以显著提高神经样细胞标记蛋白的表达水平;荧光定量PCR结果显示,Rg1可以促进miRNA-124的表达量,进而降解神经分化抑制因子SCP1的表达,促进脂肪干细胞的神经样分化效率。 相似文献
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蒋自立 《遵义师范学院学报》2012,14(4):84-86
利用7种植物病原真菌对人参皂苷Rb1进行生物转化,通过薄层层析法检测,结果表明：有6种真菌能将人参皂苷Rb1转化为Rd1但只有齐整小核菌的转化高效而彻底,其他几种转化效率低或副产物多。 相似文献
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西洋参是人们熟悉喜爱的强身滋补中药。它原产于北美洲，20世纪70年代以来，先后在我国北京、辽宁、吉林、陕西、山东等省市引种栽培成功。目前，市场上供应的西洋参有国产的，也有进口的，它们的疗效相似。
如何买到质量好的西洋参?俗话说，“三月茵陈四月蒿，五月砍来当柴烧”。只有适时采用的药材，有效药用成分才多，治疗或保健效果才好。根据我们对秦巴山区栽培的不同年生西洋参根的比较研究，一般地说，一年生根淀粉含量高，药用有效成分人参皂甙含量低；两年生根中淀粉减少，人参皂甙增加；三年生根淀粉进一步降低，人参皂甙则增加；四年生根淀粉基本消失，人参皂甙含量达到顶峰。从上可以看到，四年生的西洋参根，有效成分含量高，质量好。 相似文献
10.
人参茎叶皂甙对过度训练大鼠血淋巴细胞DNA损伤的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用6周递增负荷游泳训练模型,分别测定血液淋巴细胞的DNA损伤、血清MDA的含量、血清SOD和GSH-Px的活性．与NC组相比,EC组大鼠血清MDA含量显著增加,血清SOD和GSH-Px活性显著下降,反映血液淋巴细胞损伤的指标尾长、尾矩及椭圆矩显著增加;与EC组相比,EP组大鼠血清MDA含量显著下降,血清SOD和GSH-Px活性显著增高,淋巴细胞的尾长、尾矩和椭圆矩显著降低,说明人参茎叶皂甙提高了血清SOD、GSH-Px的活性,减少了OH·等对DNA的直接损伤,对6周递增负荷过度训练导致的大鼠血液淋巴细胞的DNA损伤有保护作用． 相似文献
11.
姚素萍 《襄樊职业技术学院学报》2011,10(3):32+37-32,37
目的通过典型慢性肺心病心衰治疗时加用硝酸甘油,探索硝酸甘油作为血管扩张剂治疗慢性肺心病心衰的疗效。方法在抗感染、氧疗、纠正酸碱平衡及电解质紊乱、纠正心率失常、利尿的基础治疗上加用硝酸甘油微泵推注。结果 2例慢性肺心病心衰患者在常规综合治疗基础上加用硝酸甘油,咳嗽、呼吸困难、胸闷、心慌症状得以缓解,紫绀、水肿消退,肺部啰音减轻或消失,心功能也得以改善。结论硝酸甘油能有效控制心衰,改善症状。 相似文献
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If an unpoisoned rat drinks a flavored solution and then is exposed to another rat suffering from lithium poisoning, the unpoisoned rat will later exhibit a flavor aversion. This is called the poisoned partner effect (PPE). The present experiments showed that (1) the US preexposure effect applies to the PPE since, if the unpoisoned rat is preexposed to poisoned partners, the PPE is attenuated, (2) the magnitude of the PPE increases with the dose of poison, and (3) a poisoned partner accustomed to poisoning produces a slightly weaker PPE than a partner naive to poisoning. Two earlier findings were confirmed: (1) The PPE occurs because the poisoned partner is an aversive US, not because a learned aversion is transferred from one rat to another; and (2) the PPE is weaker than an aversion produced by poisoning itself. 相似文献
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Three experiments were conducted to determine whether a naive observer rat would avoid contact with a shock prod after watching a demonstrator rat contact, be shocked by, and defensively bury the prod. We found that observer rats took longer to contact prods that had delivered a shock to and been buried by a demonstrator rat than to contact prods that had not delivered shock and had not been buried. However, observer rats contacted prods buried by an unseen demonstrator rat or by an unseen experimenter with the same latencies as those for prods they had seen deliver shock to and be buried by a demonstrator rat. In large enclosures, subjects took 1–2 h longer to contact buried prods than to contact unburied prods. We conclude that alteration of the physical environment by individuals receiving noxious stimulation can significantly reduce the probability that conspecifics will contact the noxious stimulus. Observational learning per se, however, need not be involved. 相似文献
14.
Anne -Marie Wall Riley E. Hinson Eileen Schmidt Chris Johnston Angela Streather 《Learning & behavior》1990,18(4):393-400
In Experiment 1, a dose-response study of place conditioning with amphetamine was conducted. Male Sprague-Dawley rats receiving 0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 2.0, 5.0, 7.5, or 10.0 mg/kg of d-amphetamine underwent 104-day cycles of place conditioning. On alternate days, each rat was injected with its designated dose of amphetamine while confined to its originally nonpreferred end of a three-compartment, straight alley box. On intervening days, each rat was injected with saline while confined to its originally preferred compartment. Following each 4-day cycle, a choice test was administered in which each rat was allowed 20 min of access to the entire alley box. Doses of amphetamine (≥0.5 mg/kg) induced a significant avoidance of the compartment in which amphetamine had been administered. In Experiment 2, animals received 0.0, 0.5, 2.0, or 5.0 mg/kg of amphetamine and underwent place conditioning procedures identical to those for the animals in Experiment 1. Unlike in Experiment 1, the animals were given a single choice test following 104-day place conditioning cycles. All groups that received amphetamine exbibited-a-eonditioned place avoidance. In Experiment 3, the effect of various CS-UCS intervals on place conditioning with 2.0 mg/kg of amphetamine was examined. Animals that received amphetamine immediately following their removal from the chamber exhibited a conditioned place avoidance. 相似文献
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To establish a method for determining five saponins（notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rb1 and ammonium glycyrrhizinate） in Glycyrrhizae, Notoginseng and Ginseng, the high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector（HPLC-DAD） method was applied to an Inertsil ODS-SP column（4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm） with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.05% phosphoric acid in a gradient elution manner. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was 30 ℃ and the detection wavelengths were 203 nm and 237 nm, respectively. The linear ranges were 0.700,0—7.000,0 μg for R1（r=1.000,0）, 0.751,1— 7.511,4 μg for Rg1（r=1.000,0）, 0.677,2—6.771,6 μg for Re（r=1.000,0）, 0.733,9—7.339,1 μg for Rb1（r= 1.000,0）, and 0.540,0—5.399,8 μg for ammonium glycyrrhizinate（r=0.999,9）, respectively. In addition, their average recoveries were 100.28%, 105.83%, 104.09%, 99.36% and 98.54%, respectively. The relative standard deviations（RSDs） of precision, reproducibility and recovery were all less than 1.5%. The results indicate that the method is simple, accurate and reproducible so that it can be used for the simultaneous determination of the five saponins in Chinese patent medicines containing the three kinds of herbs. 相似文献
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Agreement between 57 African American mothers and their early adolescent daughters on measures of maternal support, maternal restrictive control, and parent-adolescent conflict were examined. To assess the relative validity of these reports, the study then evaluated them against the ratings of independent observers. Additionally, mother and daughter reports were combined to examine validity coefficients based on aggregate scores of each construct. All analyses were based on 2 sets of objective criterion ratings, ratings provided by coders of similar ethnic background (African American) and coders who were ethnically dissimilar (non-African American) to the families they rated. Overall, adolescents provided ratings that were more valid than those of their mothers when evaluated against both sets of independent ratings. Adolescent ratings of maternal control and parent-adolescent conflict converged at significantly higher levels than the ratings provided by their mothers. Maternal and adolescent reports of maternal support converged with objective criteria at statistically comparable levels. Validity coefficients for adolescent reports were also higher than those based on aggregate mother-daughter scores. Secondary analyses further revealed that African American coders rated mothers as less controlling and rated the dyadic interactions as less conflictual, and that their ratings were more consistent with the perceptions of the African American mothers and adolescents than were those provided by non-African American coders. 相似文献
17.
为了解离村上学儿童的社会适应情况及对其学业成就的影响,抽样调查了四川盆周山区农村学校初中生、小学生570名,并采用方差分析、多元线性回归等方法进行分析,结果显示:(1)在总的社会适应方面,离村上学儿童要低于非离村上学儿童,离村上学对儿童社会适应存在负面影响,这种影响对低年级的儿童尤为明显;(2)对于不同性别的儿童而言,女生在学习适应和生活适应上要显著高于男生;(3)社会适应与学业成就呈显著正相关,这就说明儿童的社会适应越高,对其学业成就越有利。因此,盆周山区儿童离村上学的低社会适应会对其学业成就造成负面效应。 相似文献
18.
Juárez-Maldonado CE Ortega-Saavedra G Huichan-Olivares F Gómez-Romero J Cruz-Morales SE Arriaga-Ramírez JC 《Learning & behavior》2006,34(4):374-378
The serial position effect in Long-Evans rats was evaluated in two experiments. In Experiment 1, the effect in a group for
which an interstimulus interval (ISI) was introduced between items in a list of demonstrators was compared with that in a
group without an ISI. With an ISI, a recency effect was produced. In Experiment 2, a serial position effect group was compared
with four groups in which either the distinctiveness or the context of the middle item was changed, relative to the items
on either side of it. A von Restorff effect was produced when a rat from a different strain was used as a demonstrator in
Position 2. The results for Experiment 1 are discussed in relation to interstimulus effects in monkeys and those for Experiment
2 with respect to changes in the physical properties of middle items. 相似文献
19.
目的：采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应（polymerase chain reaction,PCR）技术,研究P2X受体在大鼠神经胶质瘤和嗜铬细胞瘤及原代培养皮层神经元和星形胶质细胞上的表达差异。方法：取新生1-2 d SD大鼠大脑皮层,分离纯化神经元和星形胶质细胞,并采用实时荧光定量PCR技术,比较P2X受体在大鼠胶质瘤C6细胞、大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤PC-12细胞、星形胶质细胞和皮层神经元上的表达差异。结果：C6细胞P2X2、P2X3和P2X5表达水平显著高于星形胶质细胞,P2X4、P2X6和P2X7表达水平显著低于星形胶质细胞,PC-12细胞P2X1、P2X2、P2X3和P2X6表达水平显著高于皮层神经元,P2X5和P2X7表达水平则显著低于皮层神经元。此外,还发现P2X2、P2X5和P2X6在C6和PC-12细胞上的表达水平存在显著差异。结论：大鼠胶质瘤和嗜铬细胞瘤细胞表达多种P2X受体,且与原代培养细胞存在表达差异,提示核苷酸介导的信号传递系统可能作为潜在的肿瘤治疗靶点。 相似文献