共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
废镍镉电池的再利用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
王书民 《商洛师范专科学校学报》2005,19(1):99-100,125
从废镍-镉电池的碳酸铵-氨水浸取液中，利用硫酸铵-聚乙二醇2000-铬黑T双水体系萃取分离镍与镉，实验表明，在常温常压下，碳酸铵-氨水浸取液中不合铁，在pH=8.95的硫酸铵-氨水缓冲体系中，经过两级萃取就能实现镍、镉的定量分离，消除了镉对环境的污染． 相似文献
2.
从铜渣的碳酸铵-氨水浸取液中,用脂肪酸-正辛酸萃取铜,有机相用硫酸反萃取得到铜,水相用(NH4)2SO4-PEG-EBT体系萃取分离锌与镉,从而实现了铜、锌、镉的定量分离. 相似文献
3.
从铜渣的碳酸铵-氨水浸取液中,用脂肪酸-正辛酸萃取铜,有机相用硫酸反萃取得到铜,水相用(NH4)2SO4-PEG-EBT体系萃取分离锌与镉,从而实现了铜、锌、镉的定量分离. 相似文献
4.
商洛炼锌厂废渣回收与处理（Ⅴ）——铜渣中铜、锌、镉的萃取分离 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
从铜渣的碳酸铵-氨水浸取液中，用脂肪酸-正辛酸萃取铜，有机相用硫酸反萃取得到铜，水相用(NH4)2SO4-PEG-EBT体系萃取分离锌与镉，从而实现了铜、锌、镉的定量分离． 相似文献
5.
在25℃、氧分压为600kPa、固液比为1∶7的条件下,以碳铵-氨水-双氧水-催化剂体系氧化浸泡高铁硫化锌精矿8h,锌、铜、镉的浸出率分别可以达到97%、98%、95%,而铁浸取率在0.5%以下. 相似文献
6.
高铁闪锌矿精矿的氨浸工艺 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在25℃、氧分压为600kPa、固液比为1：7的条件下，以碳铵-氨水-双氧水-催化剂体系氧化浸泡高铁硫化锌精矿8h，锌、铜、镉的浸出率分别可以达到97％、98％、95％，而铁浸取率在0．5％以下． 相似文献
7.
本文研究了PEG-2000水溶液在硫酸铵存在下，分成液-液两相的条件和偶氮氯膦-PN及Pd(Ⅱ)配合物在该体系两相间的分配行为，实现了Pd(Ⅱ)的定量萃取分离．在此基础上建立了Pd(Ⅱ)-CPA-PN-PEG-2000非有机溶剂液-液萃取分光光度法测定微量钯的新方法． 相似文献
8.
商洛冶炼厂废渣回收与处理（Ⅳ） 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
利用（NH4）2CO3-NH3H2O-H2SO4-NaOH体系从钴渣中浸出铜、锌、锌、镉、钴,并分离出铜和钴,利用（NH4）2SO4-PEG-EBT体系液液萃取分离锌和镉。 相似文献
9.
目的:探讨硫酸铵主动载药脂质体液膜萃取技术筛选和富集中药水提液中生物碱类成分的可行性。方法:以硫酸铵脂质体为分离介质,构建中药脂质体液膜萃取新技术,对中药黄连水提液中的生物碱进行筛选和富集,最后对所建立的硫酸铵脂质体液膜萃取率的影响因素进行了研究。结果:利用硫酸铵梯度法制备主动载药脂质体,构建了脂质体液膜萃取技术,可以实现对黄连水提液中生物碱类成分的筛选和富集;发现磷脂与胆固醇的用量比、水提液上样量、药材浓度、萃取时间、萃取温度对脂质体液膜萃取率均有影响,其中水提液上样量、药材浓度、萃取温度影响较大。结论:硫酸铵主动载药脂质体可以实现对中药水提液中生物碱类成分的筛选和富集,磷脂和胆固醇的用量比、药液浓度和水提液上样量对液膜萃取率影响较大。 相似文献
10.
11.
Heavy metal contamination of soils, derived from sewage irrigation, mining and inappropriate utilization of various agrochemicals and pesticides, and so on, has been of wide concern in the last several decades. The Shenyang Zhangshi Irrigation Area (SZIA) in China is a representative area of heavy metal contamination of soils resulting from sewage irrigation for about 30 years. This study investigated the spatial distribution and temporal variation of soil cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) contamination in the SZIA. The soil samples were collected from the SZIA in 1990 and 2004; Cd and Cu in soils was analyzed and then the spatial distribution and temporal variation of Cd and Cu in soils were modeled using Kriging methods. The results show that long-term sewage irrigation had caused serious Cd and Cu contamination in soils. The mean and the maximum of soil Cd are markedly higher than the levels in second grade standard soil (LSGSS) in China, and the maximum of soil Cu is close to the LSGSS in China in 2004 and is more than the LSGSS in China in 1990. The contamination magnitude of soil Cd and the soil extent of Cd con- tamination had evidently increased since sewage irrigation ceased in 1992. The contamination magnitude of soil Cu and the soil extent of Cu contamination had evidently increased in topsoil, but obviously decresed in subsoil. The soil contamination of Cd and Cu was mainly related to Cd and Cu reactivation of contaminated sediments in Shenyang Xi River and the import of Cd and Cu during irrigation. The eluviation of Cd and Cu in contaminated topsoil with rainfall and irrigation water was another factor of temporal-spatial variability of Cd and Cu contamination in soils. 相似文献
12.
采用急性毒性实验方法,研究了不同浓度的镉离子（Cd2＋）和汞离子（Hg2＋）单一及复合染毒对田螺肝胰脏过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性的影响.结果表明：在实验剂量范围（ρCd2＋0.5～8.0mg/L,ρHg2＋0.05～0.8mg/L）,单一染毒时,低浓度的Cd2＋,Hg2＋溶液对CAT活性有诱导作用;高浓度的Cd2＋,Hg2＋溶液有抑制作用.Cd2＋,Hg2＋复合染毒时,低、中浓度的镉与汞复合染毒,对CAT活性具有诱导作用,高浓度的镉与汞复合染毒,对CAT活性具有抑制作用.表明了在不同浓度Cd2＋,Hg2＋及联合作用的胁迫下,一定时间后CAT活性出现了较为显著的变化,从而为探讨重金属Cd2＋、Hg2＋对田螺的毒理作用及根据田螺肝胰脏CAT活性的变化可作为间接检测环境的污染程度的指标. 相似文献
13.
Xuan HAN Cheng-feng LIANG Ting-qiang LI Kai WANG Hua-gang HUANG Xiao-e YANG 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2013,14(7):640-649
The simultaneous sorption behavior and characteristics of cadmium (Cd) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) on rice straw biochar were investigated. Isotherms of Cd and SMX were well modeled by the Langmuir equation (R2 >0.95). The calculated maximum adsorption parameter (Q) of Cd was similar in single and binary systems (34129.69 and 35919.54 mg/kg, respectively). However, the Q of SMX in a binary system (9182.74 mg/kg) was much higher than that in a single system (1827.82 mg/kg). The presence of Cd significantly promoted the sorption of SMX on rice straw biochar. When the pH ranged from 3 to 7.5, the sorption of Cd had the characteristics of a parabola pattern with maximum adsorption at pH 5, while the adsorption quantity of SMX decreased with increasing pH, with maximum adsorption at pH 3. The amount of SMX adsorbed on biochar was positively correlated with the surface area of the biochar, and the maximum adsorption occurred with d 250 biochar (biochar with a diameter of 150-250 μm). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that the removal of Cd and SMX by rice straw biochar may be attributed to precipitation and the formation of surface complexes between Cd or SMX and carboxyl or hydroxyl groups. The results of this study indicate that rice straw biochar has the potential for simultaneous removal of Cd and SMX from co-contaminated water. 相似文献
14.
Interaction of salinity and cadmium stresses on mineral nutrients,sodium, and cadmium accumulation in four barley genotypes 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Interaction of salinity （NaCI） and cadmium （Cd） on growth, mineral nutrients, Na and Cd accumulation in four barley genotypes differing in salt tolerance was studied in a hydroponic experiment. Cd, NaCI and their combined stresses reduced Ca and Mg concentrations in roots and shoots, K concentration in shoots, increased K and Cu concentrations in roots relative to control, but had non-significant effect on micronutrients Cu, Fe and Mn concentrations in shoot. The three stresses reduced accumulation of most tested nutrients in both roots and shoots, except NaCI and NaCl＋Cd stresses for root K and shoot Cu accumulation in salt tolerant genotypes. The salt tolerant genotypes did not have higher nutrient concentration and accumulation than the sensitive ones when exposed to Cd and NaCI stresses. In conclusion, the affecting mechanism of Cd stress on nutrients was to some extent different from salinity stress, and the NaCl＋Cd stress was not equal to additional Cd and NaCI stresses, probably due to the different valence and competitive site of Na^＋ and Cd^2＋. NaCI addition in the Cd-containing medium caused remarkable reductions in both Cd concentration and accumulation, with the extent of reduction being also dependent on genotypes. The salt-tolerant genotypes had lower Na concentration than sensitive ones. 相似文献
15.
Yan Xing Hong-yun Peng Xia Li Meng-xi Zhang Ling-ling Gao Xiao-e Yang 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2012,13(10):839-845
The active metabolite in the post-harvested biomass of zinc(Zn) and cadmium(Cd) hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance from phytoextraction is of great interest in China.The current study demonstrates that a salidroside-type metabolite can be yielded from the Zn/Cd hyperaccumulator S.alfredii biomass by means of sonication/ethanol extraction and macroporous resin column(AB-8 type) isolation.The concentrations of Zn and Cd in the salidroside-type metabolite were below the limitation of the national standards. 相似文献
16.
Microbial activity and community diversity in a variable charge soil as affected by cadmium exposure levels and time 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Effects of cadmium (Cd) on microbial biomass, activity and community diversity were assessed in a representative variable charge soil (Typic Aquult) using an incubation study. Cadmium was added as Cd(NO3)2> to reach a concentration range of 0～16 mg Cd/kg soil. Soil extractable Cd generally increased with Cd loading rate, but decreased with incubation time. Soil mi-crobial biomass was enhanced at low Cd levels (0.5～1 mg/kg), but was inhibited consistently with increasing Cd rate. The ratio of microbial biomass C/N varied with Cd treatment levels, decreasing at low Cd rate (<0.7 mg/kg available Cd), but increasing progressively with Cd loading. Soil respiration was restrained at low Cd loading (<1 mg/kg), and enhanced at higher Cd levels. Soil microbial metabolic quotient (MMQ) was generally greater at high Cd loading (1～16 mg/kg). However, the MMQ is also affected by other factors. Cd contamination reduces species diversity of soil microbial communities and their ability to metabolize different C substrates. Soils with higher levels of Cd contamination showed decreases in indicator phospholipids fatty acids (PLFAs) for Gram-negative bacteria and actinomycetes, while the indicator PLFAs for Gram-positive bacteria and fungi increased with increasing levels of Cd contamination. 相似文献
17.
Wei-dong GUO Jun LIANG Xiao-e YANG Yue-en CHAO Ying FENG 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(4)
We studied the responses of the activities of adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) sulfurylase (ATPS) and serine acetyl-transferase (SAT) to cadmium (Cd) levels and treatment time in hyperaccumulating ecotype (HE) Sedum alfredii Hance, as compared with its non-hyperaccumulating ecotype (NHE). The results show that plant growth was inhibited in NHE but promoted in HE when exposed to high Cd level. Cd concentrations in leaves and shoots rapidly increased in HE rather than in NHE, and they became much higher in HE than in NHE along with increasing treatment time and Cd supply levels. ATPS activity was higher in HE than in NHE in all Cd treatments, and increased with increasing Cd supply levels in both HE and NHE when exposed to Cd treatment within 8 h. However, a marked difference of ATPS activity between HE and NHE was found with Cd treatment for 168 h, where ATPS activity increased in HE but decreased in NHE. Similarly, SAT activity was higher in HE than in NHE at all Cd treatments, but was more sensitive in NHE than in HE. Both ATPS and SAT activities in NHE leaves tended to decrease with increasing treatment time after 8 h at all Cd levels. The results reveal the different responses in sulfur assimilation enzymes and Cd accumulation between HE and NHE. With increasing Cd stress, the activities of sulfur assimilation enzymes (ATPS and SAT) were induced in HE, which may contribute to Cd accumulation in the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance. 相似文献
18.
绵阳市主要蔬菜基地土壤重金属污染特征与评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用地球化学元素背景值与绵阳浅层土壤元素背景值,按照地积累指数法与土壤重金属元素污染评价标准,对绵阳市主要蔬菜基地土壤重金属污染进行评价.结果表明：采用不同背景值得到相似的评价结果,研究区九岭镇蔬菜基地Zn为轻度污染,主要来自人为活动直接贡献;Cd为轻度污染,考虑为人为直接活动以外贡献;金峰镇蔬菜基地Cr、Cd为警戒水平,主要来自人为活动以外贡献;刘营镇蔬菜基地Zn、Cr为警戒水平,部分地区Cd为警戒-轻度污染,主要来自人为活动以外贡献. 相似文献