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1.
文章采用案例研究法,通过对H大学工业设计系C项目的研究,总结其成功的经验:C项目组是由科研人员自主管理的,带有临时性和松散性特点的学者联合组织;采取以项目为纽带的混合型学会组织运作方式;通过加强成员间的沟通与协商来打破学科思维定势与理解偏差;中国传统道德规范在协调成员关系中发挥着重要作用;在成员激励方面,通常采取物质手段和为个体提供发展机会相结合的激励机制。另外,为了促进跨院系、跨学科项目的顺利发展,必须面对如何降低和避免项目失败风险、如何协调成员教学与科研的冲突、如何促进跨学科研究与跨学科教育相结合等现实问题的挑战。 相似文献
2.
作为智能化社会的学科基础要素,大数据正在驱动着高等教育系统的范式变革。美国普渡大学一体化数据科学首倡计划发起的跨学科学术组织变革,强调以跨学科学位项目与学科交叉课程、学科会聚研究计划与研究团队、服务性学习数据社区与主题工作坊、产教融合的数据科学校企合作模式构建高校数据科学教育生态系统。值此加强新时代教育科学研究的战略契机,以"数据+"引导多学科会聚和教育模式创新,打造面向真实世界的数据科学实践社区,建设校企协同产教融合共同体,加快培育大学生数据思维和校园数据文化,将有助于高等教育治理体系改革和治理能力现代化的实现。 相似文献
3.
跨学科理念滥觞于美国,在知识生产模式转型背景下,由单一学科向跨学科的结合与转变不仅是社会科学发展的内在要求,更是解决日益复杂的现实社会问题的客观需要。当代科学发展与知识创新越来越呈现出学科交叉、融合、渗透以及整体化的趋势,新的知识生产呈现跨学科性的基本特征。知识贵为整体,过度分化的学科知识消解了社会科学研究者对复杂的社会事实与问题的认识能力,以及消解了作为整体的思想活动的能量。跨学科研究与人才培养受复杂问题的解决需求与知识创新的驱动而生,美国研究型大学重审原有培养"学科守门人"的博士生培养模式,将跨学科理念融入博士生培养全过程。跨学科研究与人才培养逐渐成为世界顶尖研究型大学博士生教育改革与发展的重要趋势。本研究通过对美国顶尖研究型大学社科类博士生跨学科培养的理念与实践以及组织制度保障进行研究,为其他研究型大学的跨学科人才培养提供借鉴价值。 相似文献
4.
Robert L. DeHaan 《CBE life sciences education》2009,8(3):172-181
Engaging learners in the excitement of science, helping them discover the value of evidence-based reasoning and higher-order cognitive skills, and teaching them to become creative problem solvers have long been goals of science education reformers. But the means to achieve these goals, especially methods to promote creative thinking in scientific problem solving, have not become widely known or used. In this essay, I review the evidence that creativity is not a single hard-to-measure property. The creative process can be explained by reference to increasingly well-understood cognitive skills such as cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control that are widely distributed in the population. I explore the relationship between creativity and the higher-order cognitive skills, review assessment methods, and describe several instructional strategies for enhancing creative problem solving in the college classroom. Evidence suggests that instruction to support the development of creativity requires inquiry-based teaching that includes explicit strategies to promote cognitive flexibility. Students need to be repeatedly reminded and shown how to be creative, to integrate material across subject areas, to question their own assumptions, and to imagine other viewpoints and possibilities. Further research is required to determine whether college students'' learning will be enhanced by these measures. 相似文献
5.
JING Shao-li 《教育理论与实践》2008,(1)
方法论问题,不仅是哲学、科学研究领域中的重要内容之一,而且方法论始终在科学研究的进步与发展中扮演着象征性的角色,它的发展和变革一方面引起教育研究方法论发生变革,使教育研究的方法论基础得以拓宽和发展,另一方面也引起不同学科领域的研究者和学者,特别是女性主义学者对科学研究方法论基础的质疑,她们认为科学研究无论在结构内容上还是在方法论上都充满了男性的思想和意识。因此,诞生于女性解放运动的女性主义,在20世纪末的社会发展中形成了一种独特价值观念和思想方法原则,给社会的思想、文化、教育领域带来了新的革命和更宽广的思考空间。女性主义作为思想、或观念、或方法,通过对科学研究的组织结构和科学研究的方法论基础的质疑,对深刻理解和把握教育研究方法论具有重要意义。 相似文献
6.
Hui-Chen Lin 《Interactive Learning Environments》2019,27(8):1011-1027
ABSTRACTMedical education is a domain with fast-changing knowledge and attention to knowledge application and higher order thinking; therefore, how to implement effective teaching is a crucial issue. Based on the technology-based learning model, this study provides a multi-dimensional analysis of published papers on the flipped classroom in medical education from the SCOPUS database, including the form of the learning materials, learning system or player, learning strategies, educational technology, application domains, research issues, participants, and research methods. Based on the results, the application of flipped classrooms in medical education has grown rapidly over the past decade, with the number growing dramatically from 7 papers in 2014, to 16 papers in 2015, and 22 papers in 2016. It was found that a great number of studies adopted instructional videos uploaded on online learning systems or used existing online videos to conduct before-class teaching in the before-class stage of the flipped classroom; moreover, most studies involved no online discussion in the before-class stage. As for learning strategies in the in-class stage, the most frequently adopted strategies were issue discussion, practicing or doing exercises, and problem-based learning. This implies that most studies mainly emphasized basic knowledge understanding and skills training, while little attention was paid to developing learners’ higher order thinking skills. In addition, the majority of studies explored students’ learning interest/satisfaction, learning experience, and performance on the cognitive aspect, while little research was found to investigate their preparation degree or cognitive loading. Based on the review results, this study provides the research trends and potential research issues of flipped medical education to serve as a reference for researchers, instructors, and decision makers. 相似文献
7.
Elisabeth Jacoba Hendrika Spelt Pieternelleke Arianne Luning Martinus A. J. S. van Boekel Martin Mulder 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2017,42(6):761-774
Preparing science and engineering students to work in interdisciplinary teams necessitates research on teaching and learning of interdisciplinary thinking. A multidimensional approach was taken to examine student interdisciplinary learning in a master course on food quality management. The collected 615 student experiences were analysed for the cognitive, emotional, and social learning dimensions using the learning theory of Illeris. Of these 615 experiences, the analysis showed that students reported 214, 194, and 207 times on, respectively, the emotional, the cognitive, and the social dimension. Per learning dimension, key learning experiences featuring interdisciplinary learning were identified such as ‘frustrations in selecting and matching disciplinary knowledge to complex problems’ (emotional), ‘understanding how to apply theoretical models or concepts to real-world situations’ (cognitive), and ‘socially engaging with peers to recognise similarities in perceptions and experiences’ (social). Furthermore, the results showed that students appreciated the cognitive dimension relatively more than the emotional and social dimensions. 相似文献
8.
科学创新人才培养的内核在于引导大学生对科学精神、科学文化、科学本质进行深度体悟,形成合理的科学观。科学创新人才培养与科学观的养成具有内在的统一性。传统科学观简化了对科学的认识,抑制了大学生的科学思维和科学想象。对于我国科学教育而言,设置独立的科学史课程、创建跨学科的人才培养平台、改革学业考试制度、加大科研创新考核比例是更新大学生科学观的着力点。 相似文献
9.
对新工科专业实践教育教学体系、创新创业教育体系、科学研究支撑新工科专业建设及人才培养体系的构建等实践进行探索,通过实践教学与多学科交叉融合、专业人才培养与创新创业教育、科研支撑新工科新生专业课程建设等方面的阐述,希望对新生工科实践及创新创业教育体系构建的科学性、合理性提供有价值的建议。 相似文献
10.
Benjamin Allen 《Educational Studies A Journal of the American Educational Studies Association》2017,53(6):642-653
Despite its popularity in education studies literature, interdisciplinary science education is mostly considered outside the multitude of social forces that drive education reform. This has contributed to a mythologizing of interdisciplinary science education and lead to assumptions about the necessity of its intervention into science education practice. This research constructs a critical analysis of interdisciplinary science education by exploring a philosophical understanding of the relations between scientific disciplines, investigating discourse about interdisciplinarity in science education policy literature, and provides socioeconomic context for this reform movement. In particular, Louis Althusser's theory of ideology as material force, his conception of the spontaneous philosophy of scientists, and his theses on the ideological nature of interdisciplinary science are foundational to this critique. Althusser's contributions allow for critical reflection on interdisciplinarity and the effects of promoting it throughout scientific enterprise. Viewing interdisciplinary science education through this critical lens allows for demarcating the ideological narratives of reformist discourse from the intended outcomes of reform. This investigation elucidates the intervention of interdisciplinarity as an ideological force governing the reproduction of scientific labor, with intended downstream socioeconomic effects, such as shifting science labor from the public sector to private industry to accommodate for austerity. The conclusions of this analysis advocate for historical materialist methodologies in science education research and critical education studies, while emphasizing the role of ideology in socioeconomic reproduction. 相似文献
11.
Anders Kruse Ljungdalh 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2016,60(5):554-575
The purpose of the review is to investigate various relations between the concepts of competence and participation found within child and youth research with the aim of identifying differences in practical reasoning of the various kinds of child research. The search identified 260 articles, and an in-depth analysis of 39 articles was conducted, elaborating the conceptual differences inherent in the different child research fields. Based on a philosophy of practice, the analysis identified 3 different causal connections between the concepts of competence and participation, indicating 3 different ways of understanding means and ends in child research. The review thereby offers an understanding of how and why interdisciplinary problems sometimes occur in education and child care. 相似文献
12.
Cristin Silva Pacheco 《The International Journal of Art & Design Education》2020,39(1):242-254
This article proposes to explore the relationships between art education and the development of complex thinking (proposed as metacompetence in this study) from a theoretical perspective. This is an approach that arises from contemporary conceptions about art, which is an intrinsic relationship between the artwork and the creative and critical character towards representation systems. Emphasising the definition of complex thinking proposed by Mathew Lipman serves as a guiding axis to try to establish the cognitive processes that compose it. Among the main findings is that the development of complex thinking and cognition occurs through action and interaction with the environment, thus linking to the notions of ‘situated competence’ and the ‘complex approach to competences’. By including cognitive and metacognitive processes, it allows us to postulate complex thinking as metacompetence. In addition, it is proposed that the use of learning methodologies (under a competence‐based approach) could contribute to an art education where students produce artistic works that involve critical, creative processes or divergent results. It is also necessary that both the curriculum and the teachers encourage an expanded and interdisciplinary vision, understanding that art is not circumscribed to a specific discipline. 相似文献
13.
AbstractLiberal arts education is based on a philosophy that uses an interdisciplinary curriculum to cultivate critical thinking, creativity, moral reasoning, analytical skills, and a sense of social responsibility. As China continues to invest in higher education, faculty, administrators and policy makers are aware that a narrow focus on professional and scientific training is insufficient to enable students to meet today’s global needs and challenges. Through qualitative and quantitative research and document analysis, this article examines Chinese policy development and transformation regarding higher education and liberal arts education in general, and the current state of liberal arts education in three universities in Shanghai in particular. 相似文献
14.
Kathleen Veronica Smith Amanda Berry Cathy Dimitrakopoulos 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(1):127-152
The science education literature demonstrates that scientific literacy is generally valued and acknowledged among educators as a desirable student learning outcome. However, what scientific literacy really means in terms of classroom practice and student learning is debatable due to the inherent complexity of the term and varying expectations of what it means for learning outcomes. To date the teacher voice has been noticeably absent from this debate even though the very nature of teacher expertise lies at the heart of the processes which shape students' scientific literacy. The research reported in this paper taps into the expertise of (participating) primary teachers by analyzing the insights and thinking that emerged as they attempted to unravel some of the pedagogical complexities associated with constructing an understanding of scientific literacy in their own classrooms. The research examines the processes and structures within one primary school that were created to provide conditions to allow teachers to explore and build on the range of ideas that presently inform the scientific literacy debate. The research reports these teachers' views and practices that shaped their actions in teaching for scientific literacy. 相似文献
15.
高师数学教育是数学教师职前教育的基础和主要形式.当前高师数学教育中存在的主要问题：师范性未能很好突出,课程设置缺乏科学的指导,高等数学知识与初等数学教学脱节,实践环节薄弱,对数学教育研究不够.新一轮高师数学教育的改革思路：正确理解高师数学专业的培养目标,设置科学的课程结构,改进教学方法,强化高等数学与初等数学的联系,强化数学应用性和数学思想方法教学,强化教学技能训练和实践环节,加强数学教育研究. 相似文献
16.
Concern is increasingly being expressed about the teaching of higher order thinking skills in schools and the levels of understanding
of scientific concepts by students. Metaphors for the improvement of science education have included science as exploration
and science as process skills for experimentation. As a result of a series of studies on how children relate evidence to their
theories or beliefs, Kuhn (1993a) has suggested that changing the metaphor to science as argument may be a fruitful way to
increase the development of higher order thinking skills and understanding in science instruction. This report is of a case
study into the coordination of evidence and theories by a grade 7 primary school student. This student was not able to coordinate
these elements in a way that would enable her to rationally consider evidence in relation to her theories. It appeared that
the thinking skills associated with science as argument were similar for her in different domains of knowledge and context.
Specializations: science learning, scientific reasoning, learning environments, science teacher education.
Specializations: cognition, reasoning in science and mathermatics. 相似文献
17.
This article presents a way of approaching introductory design education that expands student creativity through building on research related to the impact of cognitive development and metacognitive thinking. The strategy presented emphasises the importance of encouraging divergent thinking and understanding how students perceive knowledge. The goal is to create a learning environment that acknowledges where students are in their thinking and provides a structure that promotes both cognitive and creative growth. 相似文献
18.
工作记忆作为直接影响人类完成高级认知活动的重要因素而受到研究者的广泛关注,科学教育与工作记忆有着密切的关系。工作记忆容量的大小影响着学习者科学学习的发展与效果,主要表现在学习者科学学习态度的培养,科学理解与科学思维的发展等,并且随着学习者特质的不同,工作记忆容量的大小也有所差异。在科学教育中,教师可以通过改变教学方式扩大学生的工作记忆容量,通过对科学的理解促进他们在科学学习中的发展。 相似文献
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20.
Rowan Oberman 《British Educational Research Journal》2023,49(3):555-574
Picturebooks offer powerful supports for teaching diverse content across different curriculum areas. Research and curriculum resources document their use in inquiry-based education practices, particularly in relation to science and philosophy. There is, however, little theoretical analysis of this use or cross-curricular comparisons. Applying a systematic literature review process, this paper examines existing empirical research on the use of picturebooks in formal inquiry-based education contexts. The analysis considers the context in which the picturebooks were used, including curriculum context and class level, the role played by the picturebooks in the inquiries and the value ascribed to the use of picturebooks. The review proposes a framework for understanding and contrasting the varying roles played by picturebooks in inquiry-based education approaches. This framework involves seven uses: invitations, provocations, mentors, models, resources, touchstones and destinations. Varying benefits are attributed to the use of picturebooks, including their practicality, inclusivity, complexity, aid to cognitive learning, emotional engagement and association with child readers. These benefits emphasise both the accessibility and the complexity of picturebooks. The review proposes that inquiry approaches should attend to picturebook form and content and the interdependency of the two. The review's analysis supports extended use of picturebooks across the curriculum, including in history, geography, citizenship and science education, as well as in interdisciplinary approaches. 相似文献