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1.
ATLI HARÐARSON 《Journal of Philosophy of Education》2017,51(1):59-72
A technocratic model of curriculum design that has been highly influential since the middle of last century assumes that the aims of education can be, and should be: 1. Causally brought about by administering educational experiences; 2. Specified as objectives that can be attained, reached or completed; 3. Changes in students that are described in advance. Richard S. Peters argued against the first of these three tenets by making a distinction between aims that are causally brought about by the means and aims that are constituted by the means. I argue that further distinctions between ways in which ends and means can be related throw doubt on the remaining two tenets. My argument against the second one rests on a distinction between open aims that cannot be completed and closed aims that can be reached. I use a third distinction, between aims as principles of design and aims as principles of reform, to show that the third tenet of the technocratic model is also suspect. I conclude that a realistic view of educational aims must take into account that they are more multifarious than envisaged by the technocratic model of curriculum design. 相似文献
2.
This research extends recent efforts that have introduced and empirically tested a conceptual model of brand community in the context of higher education. This emerging literature has indicated that brand community provides a framework that can inform and guide marketing investments in ways that lead to affinity and stronger loyalty to the brand and institution. This paper presents the results of a national survey that examines the potential impact that institutional size may have on the relationships of an alumni brand community. This paper also explores the implications of the size of the educational institution on relevant and desired marketing outcomes that include the willingness to recommend the university to friends and family and a desire to purchase licensed apparel. 相似文献
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Many constructivists tag as `absolutist' references to mathematics as an abstract body of knowledge, and stake-out the moral high-ground with the argument that mathematics is not only utilised oppressively but that mathematics is, in-itself, oppressive. With much reference to Ernest's (1991) Philosophy of Mathematics Education this tag has been justified on the grounds that if mathematics is a social-cultural creation that is mutable and fallible then it must be social acceptance that confers the objectivity of mathematics. This paper argues that mathematics, albeit a social-cultural creation that is mutable and fallible, is a body of knowledge the objectivity of which is independent of origin or social acceptance. Recently, Ernest (1998) has attempted to express social constructivism as a philosophy of mathematics and has included the category of logical necessity in his elaboration of the objectivity of mathematics. We argue that this inclusion of logical necessity not only represents a U-turn, but that the way in which Ernest has included this category is an attempt to maintain his earlier position that it is social acceptance that confers the objectivity of mathematics. 相似文献
5.
This study was carried out to examine the extent to which preschool children are aware of the phonemic structure of the spoken word and to investigate how they acquire that knowledge. The four year old non-readers carried out a battery of takss designed to assess product name reading ability, knowledge of the alphabet, rhyme skills and explicit phonemic awareness ability. There was evidence that they generally acquired knowledge of the alphabet before they showed explicit phonemic awareness ability. Fixed order regression analyses showed that ability to read and write the alphabet generally accounted for unique variance in phoneme awareness and product name reading ability over and above that accounted for by rhyme skills but that rhyme ability accounted for no unique variance beyond that accounted for by alphabet knowledge. Further analyses showed that alphabet knowledge also contributed unique variance to product name reading ability over and above that accounted for by phonemic awareness ability but that the reverse was not the case. It was hypothesised that many preschool non-readers may start to gain an insight into the phonemic structure of the spoken word by becoming aware of the connection between the sounds of letters in environmental print and the sounds of the spoken word. 相似文献
6.
远程教育平台支持下的网络授课的教学内容设计应强调促进生成,同时,在平台支持下,促进生成的教学内容设计具备可能性。促进生成的教学内容设计可以关注六个元素,将它们有机地融入教学内容设计中:"引发猜想的元素"、"触发联想的元素"、"在场感的制造"、"接受障碍的设置"、"融入不确定性知识"、"教学留白"。 相似文献
7.
WALTER FEINBERG 《Journal of Philosophy of Education》2007,41(4):591-607
This essay addresses the question: given the flattening out of the cultural hierarchy that was the vestige of colonialism and nation‐building, is there anything that might be uniquely common about the common school in this postmodern age? By ‘uniquely common’ I do not mean those subjects that all schools might teach, such as reading or arithmetic. Nor do I mean just subjects that might serve a larger public purpose, but that might be taught in either publicly supported or privately supported schools. Rather I mean subjects that speak to the shaping of a child's identity as a member of a common community in the way that the common school was intended to create when its commission was to develop and maintain a single national or colonial identity and loyalty. I argue that there is a kind of connectivity that common schools should foster even as the nation‐building and colonial past is rejected, and that this connectivity is what is common about the common schools. I argue that any concept of culture that merely flattens out the normative dimension of educating is deficient as an educational theory, and propose a conception of culture that is educationally productive. 相似文献
8.
生本教育主张学习的主体是儿童生命自身,承认儿童具有学习的天性和无限的潜能,坚持把学习的主动权还给学生,提出学习是生命的自我提升和自我完善的活动。在这样的理论基础之上,生本教育认为阅读是儿童生命体和知识生命体的对话,这种对话是悟感展开与感悟生成的过程,而正是通过感悟,儿童生发了原智、原德和原美,儿童的生命得以自我成长与提升。 相似文献
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It is important to know that one knows, to be able to discriminate what one knows from what one does not, since that is a basis for making decisions about using and augmenting one's knowledge. A measure of knowing that one knows has been proposed, the detectability of correctness, the ability to discriminate those answers that one gives that are correct from those that are incorrect. This paper presents the background of the problem of knowing that one knows, points out how previous efforts at measurement have been faulty and presents empirical results that indicate that detectability of correctness is a valid and stable measure. 相似文献
10.
现代远程教育自主性学习的生态环境初探 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
自主性学习是现代远程开放教育中倡导的一种学习理念。开展现代远程开放教育的教育机构应该构建一个利于自主性学习开展的环境和氛围。可以从情感心理环境、科技人文环境、咨询指导环境、媒体资源环境、网络通讯环境、交互协作环境、课程教学环境和评价激励环境等八个方面构建自主性学习的生态环境。 相似文献
11.
卢翠琬 《湖南科技学院学报》2009,30(2)
文章列举了关于"六经"的三种主要排列次序,以探讨<易>居"六经"之首排列次序的形成过程,并追溯其形成的原因.认为<七略>以<易>居"六经"之首与当时汉代的整个学术背景及刘歆本人的治学特点有关,这也是后人以<易>居群经之首的根源所在. 相似文献
12.
Hans C. Giesecke 《Higher Education in Europe》2006,31(1):11-24
The quest for legitimacy is particularly acute for organizations that are in the initial stages of their lifecycles. Without recognition and acknowledgment of the ‘right to exist’, new institutions may falter or fail because of lack of acceptance. Surmounting the barriers that block the road to legitimacy can be very difficult, but there are steps that can be taken to overcome such obstacles. This article examines the paths that new institutions of private higher education in Central and Eastern Europe have taken to assume a level of legitimacy that allows for their continued operations and future success. Its focus is to dissect the forces and factors that affect the movement of such new institutions along a described legitimacy continuum. Examination of key legitimacy factors as identified by private sector rectors in both Poland and Hungary reveals that there are country‐specific means that enable new institutions to transit the given legitimacy continuum expeditiously. 相似文献
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从环境行为外部不经济性理论的产生、政府对外部不经济性环境行为进行干预的经济学基础两方面分析，环境法律责任的经济学基础是环境行为对环境产生的外部不经济性。基于此，政府必须利用法律责任对外部不经济性环境行为进行干预，甚至通过环境民事、行政和刑事法律责任对其进行调整。 相似文献
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本演讲探讨了欧洲早期艺复兴期间（大约1350—1700）为解读亚里士多德的（修辞学）中的论述所做出的努力,讨论了欧洲的注释在理解亚里士多德的（修辞学〉中所遇到的困难,关注了当时学意料之外的某些论争,并力图阐释引起这些论争的原因。作认为,人们力图阐释关于一种化的论述并力图从另一种化的需求和兴趣来解读这种论述的努力对中美两国具有重要意义,这些阐释所可能引发的结果也具有积极意义。作的这种解读对当今世界——对中国和“西方”国家富有更为广泛的意义——因为他在试图解读产生于一种化而被转译到另一种化的修辞学和传播学理论。作指出,在欧洲艺复兴时期,人们相信修辞学和社会很大程度上是一回事。修辞学能够使人们避免暴力、摆脱兽性,使许多不同人的思想统一起来,促成一种包容各种矛盾的和谐社会。修辞学使我们变得明。[第一段] 相似文献
15.
本演讲探讨了欧洲早期文艺复兴期间(大约1350-1700)为解读亚里士多德的《修辞学》中的论述所做出的努力,讨论了欧洲的注释者在理解亚里士多德的《修辞学》中所遇到的困难,关注了当时学者意料之外的某些论争,并力图阐释引起这些论争的原因。作者认为,人们力图阐释关于一种文化的论述并力图从另一种文化的需求和兴趣来解读这种论述的努力对中美两国具有重要意义,这些阐释所可能引发的结果也具有积极意义。作者的这种解读对当今世界——对中国和“西方”国家富有更为广泛的意义——因为他在试图解读产生于一种文化而被转译到另一种文化的修辞学和传播学理论。作者指出,在欧洲文艺复兴时期,人们相信修辞学和社会很大程度上是一回事。修辞学能够使人们避免暴力、摆脱兽性,使许多不同人的思想统一起来,促成一种包容各种矛盾的和谐社会。修辞学使我们变得文明。 相似文献
16.
刘红 《贵州教育学院学报》2002,18(5):14-17
通过对贵州省贫困地区中小学校长基本信息、个人素质、教育思想的调查与分析，发现部分校长存在一些不容忽视的问题，主要是基本条件不达标，选拔方式单一、敬业精神不够、学校管理流于一般、知识功底较薄弱，教育技术运用较困难、缺乏现代教育观。 相似文献
17.
Mary Joy Pigozzi 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2010,35(3):255-269
This paper looks at the implementation of the DESD from a global perspective. It takes the position that quality education
is fundamental for learning how to live sustainably, and that the DESD needs to be better positioned in the education landscape
and conceived as a global social movement that must be fostered and nurtured for the well-being of humankind. It suggests
that, while there has been progress, much remains to be achieved. Several key challenges are identified. With regard to overcoming
these obstacles, it focuses on macro-level strategies that would allow the development of environments in which actions can
take root and grow so that the work of the DESD endures beyond the decade itself. Finally, it suggests that there are some
opportunities that can be seized to make the task ahead easier to accomplish. 相似文献
18.
Robert J. Scholes 《Interchange》1997,28(1):1-14
Five possible relationships among speech, writing, and language are evaluated. These relationships are: that writing is related to language through the medium of speech, that speech is based on writing, that spoken and written forms of a language are decodable one to the other, that spoken and written language are related only through the single language they represent but cannot be translated one to the other without recourse to the grammar of that language, and that speech and orthography represent distinct languages.The conclusion reached is that the grammars underlying speech and writing are distinct –that they employ different conceptions of morphology and syntax – and thus may be said to represent different languages. 相似文献
19.
Bennetf G. Galef 《Learning & behavior》1990,18(4):347-351
Rats that (1) either ate a small sample of one or two foods (Diet A or Diet B) or interacted with a demonstrator that had eaten either Diet A or Diet B, (2) ate both Diets A and B in succession, and (3) were made ill preferred whichever of the two foods they or their respective demonstrators had eaten. Although eating a food and interacting with a demonstrator that had eaten that food were each sufficient to enhance preference for the food, eating particles of food clinging to the fur of a demonstrator was not necessary for enhancement of preference for the food that a demonstrator ate. Subjects exposed to demonstrators they could not physically contact still exhibited enhanced preference for the food that their demonstrator had eaten. The data were discussed as indicating that although smelling a diet, eating a diet, and interacting with a demonstrator that had eaten a diet can each enhance preference for that diet, it cannot be inferred that eating a food, smelling a food, and interacting with a demonstrator that has eaten a food each affect diet preference via the same process. 相似文献