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1.
This paper reports on an investigation into students' understanding of the concept of plant growth. There are three aspects
to the research. First, responses of Australian primary students to questions concerning plant growth are compared with those
identified in British research (Russell & Watt, 1990). Second, the answers of secondary students, Year 7-Year 12, to questions
concerning plant growth were analysed and common categories of responses were identified. Finally, the response categories
were considered within the framework offered by the SOLO Taxonomy of Biggs and Collis (1982, 1991). In particular, interest
was focused on whether the findings of an earlier study (Levins, 1992) in which cycles of development in the understandings
of the concept of evaporation were established, might be observed in the concept of plant growth.
Specializations secondary science curriculum, biology and chemistry teacher education.
Specializations secondary mathematics curriculum topics, the SOLO Taxonomy, student cognitive growth. 相似文献
2.
Towards a theoretical basis for students' alternative frameworks in science and for science teaching 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Dr Brian L. Jones Professor Kevin F. Collis Dr Jane M. Watson 《Research in Science Education》1993,23(1):126-135
As there is nothing as practical as a good theory, there is a continuing need in the field of science education enquiry to
look for theories which help to interpret the findings about students' alternative frameworks and to inform the design of
teaching strategies which relate to a research focus on ‘how the student learns’. The developmental model of cognitive functioning
based on the SOLO Taxonomy (Biggs & Collis, 1982) as updated in 1991 (Biggs & Collis, 1991; Collis & Biggs, 1991) is being
applied in this way. Questionnaire data from two large studies of science learning of Australian students (conducted by ACER
and NBEET) are being re-analysed in terms of the current theory. This paper illustrates the theory and describes a plan of
further research.
Specializations: science education, students' understandings of phenomena in science.
Specializations: cognitive development, evaluation, mathematics and science education.
Specializations: mathematics education, students' understanding of chance and data concepts. 相似文献
3.
Dr Lynda J. Creedy 《Research in Science Education》1993,23(1):34-41
This paper examines the continuation of a study investigating senior secondary students' understanding of concepts in biology.
In this study, year 11 student understandings of natural selection were examined by questionnaire using different question
formats. The SOLO taxonomy of Biggs and Collis (1982) was used as the theoretical framework with which the quality of student
learning was assessed.
This paper puts forward the usefulness of the SOLO taxonomy in assessing student understanding in biology in general and in
examining student understanding of the concept of natural selection in particular. The paper goes on to examine the implications
of these results and raises issues which have applicability to criterion-based assessment in secondary science.
Specializations: science and technology education, biology teacher education, applications of multimedia to science education 相似文献
4.
Ian A. Simpson Dr. Kevin P. Singer Dr. David Treagust Dr. Marjan G. Zadnik 《Research in Science Education》1990,20(1):316-323
This paper describes the development and evaluation of a course in physiotherapy whereby the physics fundamental to the modalities
of cold, heat and ultrasound therapies was integrated in lectures and actual physiotherapy activities. The design of the course
is described together with the perceptions of physiotherapy students regarding the organisation of the course, safety aspects
and how well the integration contributed to their understanding of the physics involved in electrotherapy.
Specialization: Physics education.
Specialization: electrotherapy.
Specializations: Diagnosis of student learning difficulties and teaching for conceptual change, technology education, curriculum evaluation.
Specializations: Material science, isotope studies, physics education. 相似文献
5.
Dr. Brian Jones Professor Kevin Collis Dr. Jane Watson Miss Kimberley Foster Dr. Sharon Fraser 《Research in Science Education》1994,24(1):191-200
Students' conceptions of how objects are seen directly, and in mirrors, were explored in an analysis of their written and
drawn responses to common visual phenomena depicted in cartoons with brief text. Students in Grades K-10 (n=214) completed
a questionnaire and some were interviewed. Evidence was sought to support an hypothesis for increasingly sophisticated responses
related to the concepts of sight, light, reflection and image. The developmental model used in this analysis was the updated
SOLO Taxonomy (Biggs & Collis, 1991; Collis & Biggs 1991). It appears from the results that different modes of functioning
can interfere to produce factually incorrect recollections of experience particularly in the age group 7 to 13 years approximately.
Also, this is associated with the common spurious conception that mirrors have a lateral inversion property. Explanations
involving light were extremely rare and its role related to the production of an image ‘in the mirror’ but not to the perception
of an image in the eyes.
Specializations: science education, students' understandings of phenomena in science.
Specializations: cognitive development, evaluation, mathematics and science education.
Specializations: mathematics education, students' understanding of chance and data concepts. 相似文献
6.
Dr. Diane Grayson 《Research in Science Education》1994,24(1):102-111
Numerous studies have shown that students often hold conceptions that conflict with accepted scientific ideas, both prior
to and after instruction. The failure of instruction to affect students' conceptions can be interpreted as a failure to facilitate
conceptual change. In this paper, an instructional strategy will be described that facilitates conceptual change in the special
case where conceptual difficulties appear to arise because students confuse related physics concepts. The strategy involves
two parts. Firstly, students observe an experiment or demonstration that conflicts with what they expect to see. Secondly,
the instructor identifies students' intuitions that are correct but that they have associated with an incorrect physics term,
and substitutes the correct physics term. Students can thus develop more scientifically acceptable understandings of physics
concepts without having to give up their intuitive ideas. The use of this strategy will be illustrated in two domains of physics.
Specializations: physics education, conceptual development, instructional design, improvement of tertiary science education. 相似文献
7.
Two parallel versions of a Test of Science Investigation Skills were developed to assess students' application of science
investigation skills in biology and physics contexts. Repeated pilot testing and critical appraisal were used to ensure the
validity of the tests and their equivalence. Both versions of the test were administered to 112 Year 10 science students.
The results indicated a satisfactory level of test reliability, the test set in a physics context proved to be significantly
more difficult than the test set in a biology context, and mean scores for male and female students were not significantly
different.
Specializations: science teacher education, development of problem-solving expertise, concept development and conceptual change, assessment
of laboratory work.
Specializations: Chemistry education, concept development and conceptual change, effective laboratory teaching. 相似文献
8.
Many introductory biochemistry students have problems understanding metabolism and acquiring the skills necessary to study
metabolic pathways. In this paper we suggest that this may be largely due to the use of a traditional teaching approach which
emphasises memorisation rather than understanding. We present an alternative approach to teaching carbohydrate metabolism
which is designed to promote understanding of pathways. The approach also enables regular monitoring of, and reflection on,
student progress and the identification of student reasoning and conceptual difficulties through the use of specially designed
problems. Preliminary results are presented giving examples of specific student difficulties and the extent to which they
were addressed by the alternative instructional approach. A qualitative evaluation of the approach is also presented.
Specializations: metal accumulating plants biochemical education.
Specializations: physics education, conceptual development, instructional design, improvement of tertiary science education. 相似文献
9.
The focus of this study was on the investigation of a laboratory instructional program on electricity designed for conceptual
development using constructivist principles for conceptual change. This approach was compared with a traditional laboratory
approach in a quasi-experimental design. The sample was 247 grade 10 students (boys) in a large non-government urban school.
Covariance analysis with the corresponding pretest as covariate showed statistically and educationally significant gains for
the experimental group on cognitive but not attitudinal outcomes when compared to the traditional group. Student and teacher
interview data provide some evidence for the success of the experimental approach.
Specializations: physics education, constructivist approaches to in practical work.
Specializations: science teacher education, learning environments, conceptual change. 相似文献
10.
Many tertiary institutions in South Africa have implemented schemes to help redress the unfair school educational system.
This paper describes one such initiative to increase access and success of educationally disadvantaged students in science.
The background of the College of Science and the success of its first intake of students is described with an emphasis on
the physics component of the physical sciences course. Sixty six percent of the students passed all three courses in their
first year with the most educationally disadvantaged showing the greatest gains.
Specializations: physics education, language and communication. in science.
Specializations: meta-cognition and conceptual development in physics, qualitative research in physics education. 相似文献
11.
Jane Butler Kahle Ph.D. Andrea Anderson M.A.T. Arta Damnjanovic M.S. 《Research in Science Education》1991,21(1):208-216
A study, originally don in Australia in 1983, was replicated in an urban-suburb in the Unitd States. The Australian project
vivolved matched pairs of year-fiv teachers in one of two workshops. One workshop taught the skills of teaching electricity,
while the other one discussed issues in gender equity in science education (active participation of both girls and boys, comparble
student-teacher interactions, and research findings concerning equity). The U.S. study provided three types of workshops (skills,
equity and skills, and equity) for comparable groups of fourth and fifth grade teachers. All teachers and their students were
subsequently obseved during lessons involving an electricity unit, queried both students and teachers concerning the appropriateness
of different fields of science for boys and girls and their interest and aptitudes in doing various types of science. Results
from both studies suggest that gender differences in student attitudes toward science may be amellorated by specific types
of teacher workshop.
Specializations: Gender research, science teacher education, science education national policy.
Specializations: Elementary and middle school science education, classroom research.
Specializations: Secondary science education, data analysis. 相似文献
12.
P. K. Tao 《Research in Science Education》1994,24(1):322-330
This paper reports on an investigation into Hong Kong students' comprehension of English non-technical words used in science.
The investigation was conducted in a context in which English, a foreign language to students, is the medium of instruction,
in that textbooks and examinations are all in English but the classroom language used is mainly Chinese, with frequent Chinese-English
code-switching. A total of 4644 Secondary 4, 5 and 6 students participated in the study. Many students did not correctly comprehend
a large proportion of the words, confused them with words that were graphologically or phonetically similar, and even took
them for their antonyms. Such poor performance raises doubts as to whether the majority of Hong Kong students have attained
a ‘threshold level’ of competence in English to benefit from learning science in English.
Specializations: physics education, students' alternative conceptions in science, conceptual change, computer-assisted learning in physics. 相似文献
13.
Dr Peter Searle 《Research in Science Education》1993,23(1):266-275
This paper reports on the application of a constructivist-based teaching strategy with a small group of first-year physics
students. Data collection and analysis procedures are discussed, and the responses of three students to three situations involving
force concepts are presented. A number of issues relevant to conceptual change teaching strategies are identified. In addition
to an emphasis on alternative conceptions, issues identified that require consideration when developing teaching strategies
for conceptual change include an emphasis on understanding physics terminology, the development of a supportive learning environment
and the use of a wide range of problem contexts.
Specializations: physics education, alternative conceptions, conceptual change. 相似文献
14.
Dr. J. A. Woolnough 《Research in Science Education》1993,23(1):355-355
This paper presents an evaluation of the Physics course at Dickson College (ACT). It highlights students' expectations before
the course, and their impressions and feelings during the course. This is the second evaluation carried out as part of a long
term study of student attitudes before and after the introduction of a more ‘conceptual’ approach to the teaching of physics
at this college. Overall, this approach has produced a more positive attitude in all students, but more significantly in girls.
Specializations: senior physics, chemistry and biology. 相似文献
15.
Mr Jeffrey P. Dorman Dr Campbell J. McRobbie Dr Barry J. Fraser 《Research in Science Education》1993,23(1):61-67
Much Catholic school and church rhetoric suggests that Catholic schools possess distinctive learning environments. Research
into this aspect of Catholic schooling has been hampered by the lack of an appropriate assessment instrument. By drawing on
contemporary church literature, the perceptions of personnel involved in Catholic education and existing classroom environment
questionnaires, a new instrument was developed to assess student perceptions of classroom psychosocial environment in Catholic
schools. The use of this instrument in 64 classrooms in Catholic and Government schools indicated significant differences
on some scales. The distinctive nature of Catholic schooling did not extend to all classroom environment dimensions deemed
important to Catholic education.
Specializations: Catholic education, learning environments.
Specializations: conceptual change in students, science teacher professional development, scientific reasoning, learning environments.
Specializations: learning environments, science education, educational evaluation, curriculum. 相似文献
16.
Dr Mark W Hackling 《Research in Science Education》1994,24(1):147-155
This paper reports on a study of undergraduate genetics students' conceptual and procedural knowledge and how that knowledge
influences students' success in pedigree problem solving. Findings indicate that many students lack the knowledge needed to
test hypotheses relating to X-linked modes of inheritance using either patterns of inheritance or genotypes. Case study data
illustrate how these knowledge deficiencies acted as an impediment to correct and conclusive solutions of pedigree problems.
Specializations: problem solving, laboratory work, conceptual change, science teacher education. 相似文献
17.
The literature has made us all aware of large gender differences in students' atttudes to science, in enrolment statistics
in upper high school and tertiary level science courses, and in different spheres of employment. What have not been looked
at in detail are the factors which are influential when students begin to make choices in early high school, choices which
may well set them on a particular pathway from which it is difficult to turn.
This preliminary study identifies factors which students in a Year 9 class believed were influential on the limited subject
choices they had been able to make in Years 8 and 9, and the factors they believed would be most influential on choices to
be made later in the school. In addition the students' views of science, of the separate sciences, and of their anticipated
career patterns were sought.
Several interesting findings were made which, if validated in further work, could lead to strategies which would support other
approaches designed to reduce gender imbalances related to science.
Specializations: non-scientific conceptions and conceptual change, problem solving, science teacher education.
Specializations: Gender issues. 相似文献
18.
19.
Ms Carmel McNaught Ms Heather Grant Mr Paul Fritze Dr Peter McTigue Ms Janet Barton Dr Robert Prosser 《Research in Science Education》1993,23(1):189-198
This paper describes a project in the School of Chemistry at The University of Melbourne. During 1992 thirty hours of videotapes
were taken of students doing quantitative volumetric work in first year laboratories. These were viewed to find out what problems
students encountered and what interactions they had with other students and with demonstrators. The data were logged on a
Hypercard stack and novel visual images were produced to map student activity, both qualitatively and quantitatively. These
data contributed to the design of a multimedia learning package which students worked through at the beginning of 1993. Video
data of their laboratory performance after this intervention provides evidence of improved performance.
Specializations: academic development in the sciences, evaluation of computer-based learning materials.
Specializations: physical chemistry, chemical education at tertiary level.
Specializations: design and development of computer-based learning materials.
Specializations: electrochemistry, general physical chemistry at secondary and tertiary level.
Specializations: chemical education at secondary and tertiary level, theoretical chemistry. 相似文献
20.
Professor Dr. Reinders Duit Professor Dr. Peter Häussler Dr. Roland Lauterbach Professor Dr. Helmut Mikelskis Professor Dr. Walter Westphal 《Research in Science Education》1992,22(1):106-113
This paper outlines the design of a physics textbook that addresses issues of gender-inclusive physics teaching, STS and constructivism.
Difficulties of addressing these issues in a textbook for normal classes, which has to compete with other textbooks on the
market will be discussed.
Specializations: constructivist approaches in science education research and practice.
Specializations: gender issues in science instruction.
Specializations: primary education, integrated science.
Specializations: STS, phenomenological oriented physics instruction.
Specializations: peace education within science education. 相似文献