共查询到16条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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目的:探讨拳击运动员下肢快速蹬地发力对出拳速度的影响,为拳击专项力量训练提供理论参考.方法:运用两块测力台和三维红外高速摄像系统进行同步测试,采集16名优秀男子拳击运动员以后手直拳全力击打固定目标过程中,双脚地面支撑反作用力及运动学相关数据.积极蹬地发力阶段,前、后脚蹬地最大力量/体重、快速力量指数/体重、蹬地达到最大力量峰值的时间分别与出拳速度进行相关分析,从中选取呈显著相关的快速力量参数与出拳速度进行曲线估计,选择拟合度最高的曲线模型计算相应的回归方程.结果:前、后脚蹬地最大力量/体重、快速力量指数/体重与出拳速度之间直线拟合度最高,均呈显著正相关(P＜0.01),蹬地达到最大力量峰值的时间与出拳速度二次曲线模型拟合度最高,呈曲线关系(P＜0.01).结论:1)后手直拳击打,积极蹬地发力阶段,前、后脚快速发力对出拳速度均具有显著影响.2)提高前、后脚积极蹬地发力阶段最大蹬地力量及发力速度对于提升后手直拳出拳速度具有重要意义. 相似文献
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运用2块测力台和三维红外高速摄像系统进行同步测试,采集16名优秀男子拳击运动员在后手摆拳全力击打固定目标过程中,双脚地面支撑反作用力及运动学相关数据.双脚快速力量参数与出拳速度进行相关分析、曲线估计,并计算相应的回归方程.结果显示:前、后脚蹬地最大力量/体重、快速力量指数/体质量与出拳速度均呈显著正相关(P＜0.01);蹬地达到最大力量峰值的时间与出拳速度呈曲线关系(P＜0.01).结论:(1)拳击运动员后手摆拳击打的过程中,双脚积极蹬地发力阶段快速发力对出拳速度均具有显著影响;(2)提高双脚积极蹬地发力阶段蹬地最大力量有助于提高后手摆拳出拳速度;(3)双脚积极蹬地发力阶段,一定范围内,缩短蹬地的发力时间有助于提高出拳速度;(4)提高双脚积极蹬地发力阶段发力速度有助于提高后手摆拳出拳速度;(5)后手摆拳下肢快速发力对出拳速度的影响,同肢体快速发力对自身动作速度的影响显示出趋于一致的规律. 相似文献
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运用2块测力台、三维红外高速摄像系统和中国功夫测试工程人,采集优秀男子拳击运动员前手直拳全力击打固定目标过程中,下肢地面支撑反作用力、部分运动学及击打效果相关数据。结果显示:在下肢积极蹬地发力阶段,双腿发力在90 ms内均达到最大力量峰值,发力50 ms时力量值达到最大力量峰值的60%以上;前腿蹬地最大力量/体重、快速力量指数/体重与击打效果之间线性拟合度最高(P<0.01);蹬地达到最大力量峰值的时间与击打效果二次曲线模型拟合度最高(P<0.01),呈曲线关系;后腿上述参数与击打效果未显示出显著相关性。提示:在前手直拳出拳击打过程中,下肢蹬地专项力量特征为起动力量;提高积极蹬地发力阶段前腿最大蹬地力量及发力速度,对于提升前手直拳的击打效果有重要意义。 相似文献
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目的：分析和比较不同水平的拳击运动员后手直拳动作技术效果的各项指标的差异，为一般运动员的科学化训练安排、缩短差距提供可针对性参考意见。方法：采用Vicon红外动作捕捉系统、2块kistler测力台和1块测力靶以及同步设备，对优秀组和一般组共16名拳击运动员后手直拳技术动作进行比较分析。选取峰值拳速、接触拳速、拳速衰减率速度指标3个、冲量、峰值力量、相对力量、发力时间、发力率、发力指数力量指标6个、后脚峰值力量、峰值力量时间、快速发力指数指标双脚发力指标3个等指标进行分析。结果：优秀组和一般组在接触拳速和速度衰减率指标差异极显著。测力靶数据6个指标差异显著，下肢测力台指标中，后腿峰值力量/体重以及后脚发力指数存在显著性差异。结论：后手直拳技术动作效果要实现专项技术的"经济性和实效性"特征，重点在后腿积极启动力量，以增加出拳速度和有效击打的"刚性连接结构"为目的的抗阻专项力量训练设计是教练员提升一般运动员后手直拳技术动作效果的关键。 相似文献
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以内蒙古女子拳击运动员为研究对象,利用遥测表面肌电仪记录运动员各种出拳技术过程中相关肌肉的电活动,建立运动员不同出拳技术时肌电特征模型,结果发现:在拳击的各种出拳技术动作中,主动肌的积分肌电百分比要显著高于拮抗肌,拮抗肌能够积极参与到出拳技术动作中;在后手直拳技术动作中,肱三头肌和三角肌前束的电活动最活跃,分别为15.7％和18.0％;在勾拳技术动作中,肱二头肌、三角肌前束、背阔肌电活动较强,分别为15％、14％和17.4％;在后手摆拳技术动作中,三角肌外侧束的做功百分比最高为16.7％,其次为肱二头肌13.6％、腹直肌13.7％、背阔肌14.3％.鉴于不同出拳技术动作的不同,各块肌肉工作表现出不同的工作特征. 相似文献
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爆发力量练习力量素质是速滑运动员不可缺少的因素,尤其对短距离选手更为重要.可将爆发力量解释为,以最大力量在最短时间内克服阻力的能力.它是力量和速度的产物,换句话说,运动员每次蹬冰给予冰面的压强,决定了爆发力的大小.蹬冰爆发力越大,滑行距离越长,速度也越快. 相似文献
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拳击运动员速度障碍的预防及消除方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
拥有快于对手的出拳速度是拳击运动员比赛取胜的关键.出拳速度即速度素质中的动作速度,是衡量人体在单位时间内完成某一动作的快慢或重复某一动作次数多少的指标.在拳击运动训练中,如何提高动作速度一直是教练员、运动员探究的重点.训练方法不当或长期重复使用错误动作,都会造成运动员的动作速度发展到一定水平后停滞不前.这种现象被圈内人士称为速度障碍. 相似文献
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优秀女子拳击运动员后手直拳技术动作上肢肌肉表面肌电分析 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
目的:探讨拳击运动员后手直拳动作内部神经肌肉系统协同变化,提高我国女子拳击运动员的训练水平.方法:使用表面肌电技术对沈阳体育学院8名健将级女子拳击运动员后手直拳动作进行分析.结果:在后手直拳击打过程中上肢肌肉中三角肌前束做功百分比最高,平均为35%;后手直拳击打过程中主动肌的激活顺序为三角肌前束、肱三头肌和尺侧腕屈肌,肌肉由近端到远端依次激活.结论:后手直拳击打动作中上肢拮抗肌发挥着重要作用;从肌肉激活顺序来说后手直拳击打动作符合鞭打技术动作原理,在平时训练中加强上肢拮抗肌的训练. 相似文献
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Piorkowski BA Lees A Barton GJ 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2011,10(1):1-11
The aim of this study was to determine the influence of punch type (Jab, Cross, Lead Hook and Reverse Hook) and punch modality (Single maximal, 'In-synch' and 'Out of synch' combination) on punch speed and delivery time. Ten competition-standard volunteers performed punches with markers placed on their anatomical landmarks for 3D motion capture with an eight-camera optoelectronic system. Speed and duration between key moments were computed. There were significant differences in contact speed between punch types (F(2,18,84.87) = 105.76, p = 0.001) with Lead and Reverse Hooks developing greater speed than Jab and Cross. There were significant differences in contact speed between punch modalities (F(2,64,102.87) = 23.52, p = 0.001) with the Single maximal (M+/- SD: 9.26 +/- 2.09 m/s) higher than 'Out of synch' (7.49 +/- 2.32 m/s), 'In-synch' left (8.01 +/- 2.35 m/s) or right lead (7.97 +/- 2.53 m/s). Delivery times were significantly lower for Jab and Cross than Hook. Times were significantly lower 'In-synch' than a Single maximal or 'Out of synch' combination mode. It is concluded that a defender may have more evasion-time than previously reported. This research could be of use to performers and coaches when considering training preparations. 相似文献
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The development of sport-specific dynamometers is an important step towards ecological validity in analysing athlete performance. Design limitations in previous punch-measuring devices have resulted in values which may not or cannot fully reflect the force and multidirectional components in a punch. In developing this boxing dynamometer, a triaxial force measurement system and a boxing manikin interface were combined. The repeatability and accuracy of the dynamomoter were assessed using simulated straight punches. Discrimination efficacy was assessed by comparison of the maximal punching force of seven elite, eight intermediate and eight novice boxers during simulated boxing, throwing straight punches. For the elite, intermediate and novice groups, respectively, the maximal straight punching forces (mean +/- s(mean)) were 4800 +/- 227 N, 3722 +/- 133 N and 2381 +/- 116 N for the rear hand, and 2847 +/- 225 N, 2283 +/- 126 N and 1604 +/- 97 N for the lead hand. For all groups, maximal forces were larger for the rear than the lead hand (P < 0.001). Maximal punching force was greater in the elite than the intermediate group, and greater in the intermediate than the novice group (P < 0.05). The boxing dynamometer discriminated effectively between punching performance at three standards of performance and between the punching force of the rear and lead hands. 相似文献
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The development of sport-specific dynamometers is an important step towards ecological validity in analysing athlete performance. Design limitations in previous punch-measuring devices have resulted in values which may not or cannot fully reflect the force and multidirectional components in a punch. In developing this boxing dynamometer, a triaxial force measurement system and a boxing manikin interface were combined. The repeatability and accuracy of the dynamomoter were assessed using simulated straight punches. Discrimination efficacy was assessed by comparison of the maximal punching force of seven elite, eight intermediate and eight novice boxers during simulated boxing, throwing straight punches. For the elite, intermediate and novice groups, respectively, the maximal straight punching forces (mean - s x ¥ ) were 4800 - 227 N, 3722 - 133 N and 2381 - 116 N for the rear hand, and 2847 - 225 N, 2283 - 126 N a d 1604 - 97 N for the lead hand. For all groups, maximal forces were larger for the rear than the lead hand ( P ? 0.001). Maximal punching force was greater in the elite than the intermediate group, and greater in the intermediate than the novice group ( P ? 0.05). The boxing dynamometer discriminated eff ectively between punching performance at three standards of performance and between the punching force of the rear and lead hands. 相似文献
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Martina Rinaldi Yasmen Nasr Ghada Atef Fabiano Bini Tiwana Varrecchia Carmela Conte 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(6):796-805
The aims of this study were: (i) to determine kinematic, kinetic, and electromyographic characteristics of Junzuki karate punch in professional karate athletes; (ii) to identify biomechanical parameters that correlate with punch force and lead to a higher punching performance; (iii) to verify the presence of muscle co-activation in the upper limb, trunk, and lower limb muscles. Data were collected from nine experienced karatekas from the Accademia Italiana Karate e Arti Marziali during the execution of the specific punch. Mean punch forces (181.2?N) delivered to the target, the range of motion of both right and left knees (1.13 and 0.82?rad) and right elbow (1.49?rad) joints, and the angles at impact (knee: 0.81 and 0.91?rad; elbow: 1.19?rad) in the sagittal plane were computed. Furthermore, the trunk rotational angular acceleration (63.1?rad?s?2), force related to the lower limbs (550.2 and 425.1?N), and co-activation index for the upper limb (36.1% and 34.7%), trunk (24.5% and 16%), and lower limbs (16.0% and 16.1%) muscles were evaluated bilaterally. Significant positive correlations were found between the punch force and both right and left knee flexion at the instant of impact and right and left leg force. Significant negative correlation was found between the punch force and maximum trunk angular acceleration. Significant differences (p?=?.03) in the co-activation index among the upper limb, trunk, and lower limbs muscles highlighted a rostro-caudal gradient on both body sides. This research could be of use to performers and coaches when considering training preparations. 相似文献
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Abstract Three modern views about the factors limiting oxygen uptake in healthy humans are set against the original (early 1920s) concept of A. V. Hill and colleagues. The majority view for most of the intervening time has been that cardiac output is the essential limiting function. Among recent research in support of this contention is that, in quadrupeds, pericardiectomy, which allows greater diastolic filling, elevates maximum oxygen uptake; however, the relevance to bipedal exercise can be questioned. In any case, algebraic analyses of model systems indicate that all identifiable stages on the oxygen transport pathway, from pulmonary diffusion to oxidative phosphorylation in skeletal muscle mitochondria, materially influence maximum uptake. Thus, if a high cardiac output is to be of benefit, all the other steps must function better too. Nevertheless, these two viewpoints concur that the limit to maximum oxygen uptake is somatic. In contrast, there are strong indications that at altitudes where oxygen availability is about half that at sea level, cerebral oxygenation is a limiting factor, and some recent experiments raise the possibility that it might be a substantial influence at sea level also. Clearly, consensus cannot yet be reached on the question posed in the title. 相似文献
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