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1.
Miller PF 《American annals of the deaf》2000,145(5):436-451
The experimenter investigated the effect of semantic clues on the reading comprehension of deaf and hearing Israeli children. Two groups of students with prelingual deafness, and a hearing control group, were asked to read syntactically simple and syntactically relative sentences of varying semantic plausibility. Sixteen of the participants who were deaf (mean grade 6.9) had been trained orally, using spoken language as their principal means of communication at home and at school. Another 16 students with deafness (mean grade 6.9), all of them children of deaf parents, had acquired sign language as their primary language. The mean grade of the hearing control group was 6.5. The results suggest that, in contrast to the case with hearing individuals, reading comprehension in individuals with prelingually acquired deafness, regardless of communication background, is predominantly determined by the semantic processing of content words, with only minor attention given to the processing of the syntactic structure of the text. 相似文献
2.
THE READING LEVELS of a population of 93 Spanish deaf students were examined. All study participants had prelingual profound hearing loss; their ages ranged from 9 to 20 years. All were enrolled in compulsory education during 2002-2003 in the Canary Islands (Spain). They were evaluated with sentence and text comprehension subtests from the Evaluation of Reading Processes of Primary Education Students, whose Spanish acronym is PROLEC (Cuetos, Rodríguez, & Ruano, 1996). A questionnaire on reading attitude was also used (Espín, 1987). Study results were consistent with those of previous research: Deaf students, at the end of their primary school education (mean age 13 years), have reading levels similar to or lower than the reading levels of hearing students at the onset of primary school education (mean age 7 years). These deaf students also have an indifferent attitude toward reading. 相似文献
3.
Communication mode and the processing of printed words: evidence from readers with prelingually acquired deafness 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Miller P 《Journal of deaf studies and deaf education》2002,7(4):312-329
The aim of this study was to elucidate how the primary communication background of prelingual deafened readers affects the way they mediate the recognition of written words. A computer-controlled research paradigm (a semantic decision task) asking for the categorization of familiar Hebrew nouns was used to investigate the participants' sensibility to phonological and orthographic manipulations in the target stimuli. Two groups of readers with hearing impairments and a hearing control group participated in the study. Twenty-seven of the participants with deafness (mean grade 6.9) were raised by hearing parents advocating a strict oral approach at home and at school. For an additional 22 students who were deaf (mean grade 6.9), the majority of them children of deaf parents, Israeli Sign Language was the preferred means of communication. The mean grade of the 39 participants in the hearing control group was 6.5. Findings indicate that both the hearing participants and the participants with prelingual deafness who were trained to communicate orally recoded visually presented target words phonologically. No such evidence was found for participants with deafness who were native signers. Although participants from signing backgrounds seemed to generate nonphonological representations of written words, there was no evidence that for them, the absence of recoding to phonology detrimentally affected on their ability to process such representations flexibly. In all, findings suggest a causal link between an individual's processing strategy for some written words and the modal nature of his or her primary language. 相似文献
4.
This article focuses on nonsigning hearing parents of deaf children who share the goals of bilingual-bicultural (BiBi) programs for their child, opt for their home language to be their deaf child's first language (L1), and have questions about communication options (e.g., oral methods, manually coded English [MCE] systems, or Cued Speech) for conveying that language. We present research findings related to the effectiveness of MCE systems and Cued Speech for conveying English and developing deaf children's reading abilities. We compare the cueing of English and the signing of MCE systems in terms of theoretical and practical advantages. Finally, we suggest research needs. 相似文献
5.
Miller P 《American annals of the deaf》2002,147(5):56-70
The study investigated the short-term recall of serially presented verbal(izable) information by prelingually deafened individuals and hearing individuals, and reconsidered how short-term memory (STM) is linked with their reading skills and their memory coding strategies. A computer-controlled paradigm calling for written ordered recall of 12 lists of 8 consecutively displayed Hebrew nouns was used to assess STM capacity. Forty-nine students with prelingual deafness (mean grade 6.9) and 39 hearing students (mean grade 6.5) participated in the experiment. Twenty-seven of the participants with deafness were raised according to an oral philosophy. The remaining 22 participants from the deaf group used sign language as their preferred communication code. In general, the findings suggest that neither discrepancy in the ordered short-term recall of verbal materials nor discrepancies in reading comprehension are directly assignable to differences in the memory coding strategies of prelingually deafened and hearing individuals. If such functional discrepancies develop, they reflect absent or insufficiently internalized knowledge. 相似文献
6.
刘伟丽 《新疆职业大学学报》2014,22(1):25-27,32
维吾尔语中没有与汉语介词相对应的词类,这给维吾尔学生汉语介词的习得带来很大的困扰。以问卷调查的形式,对在广州大学学习的100名新疆喀什未就业的维吾尔大学生进行有关介词"在"的偏误语料调查。在母语迁移理论的指导下,论文运用偏误分析法和对比分析法对维吾尔学生汉语介词的习得偏误进行分析归纳及总结研究,并提出避免这些偏误发生的教学策略。 相似文献
7.
语篇是一个交际单位,语篇交际能力是交际主体必备的语文素养。修辞学、语篇分析等学科中的言语体裁研究起始和归宿于语言的交际运用研究。文本分析和写作指导都应有言语体裁理论视角,着力引导学生认知言语体裁使用的规范性、言语体裁的语篇交际功效及同一言语体裁的不同语篇组织的语境动态性,这是培养学生语篇交际能力的有效教学策略。 相似文献
8.
The Educational Interpreter Performance Assessment (EIPA) is as an important research tool for examining the quality of interpreters who use American Sign Language or a sign system in classroom settings, but it is not currently applicable to educational interpreters who use Cued Speech (CS). In order to determine the feasibility of extending the EIPA to include CS, a pilot EIPA test was developed and administered to 24 educational CS interpreters. Fifteen of the interpreters' performances were evaluated two to three times in order to assess reliability. Results show that the instrument has good construct validity and test-retest reliability. Although more interrater reliability data are needed, intrarater reliability was quite high (0.9), suggesting that the pilot test can be rated as reliably as signing versions of the EIPA. Notably, only 48% of interpreters who formally participated in pilot testing performed at a level that could be considered minimally acceptable. In light of similar performance levels previously reported for interpreters who sign (e.g., Schick, Williams, & Kupermintz, 2006), these results suggest that interpreting services for deaf and hard-of hearing students, regardless of the communication option used, are often inadequate and could seriously hinder access to the classroom environment. 相似文献
9.
B L Charlier 《American annals of the deaf》1992,137(4):331-337
Over the past 11 years, the Center Comprendre et Parler and the associated Ecole Intégrée of Brussels have developed an original combination of Cued Speech and signs called Complete Signed and Cued French (CSCF). CSCF uses the advantages of both methods while avoiding their drawbacks. The purpose of this practice is to enable deaf children to progress simultaneously in signed and spoken language. The approach is flexible, respects each child's learning rhythm, and ensures that expressive skills do not lag too far behind comprehension abilities. It avoids polemical issues and irrational choices of exclusivity (oralism vs. signs) and prepares access to bilingualism. 相似文献
10.
语言发展前全聋学生与听力正常学生在句子表征水平上的认知比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究通过启动技术比较了语言发展前全聋学生与听力正常学生在句子表征水平上的加工特点。结果表明:在限时实验条件下,语言发展前全聋学生与低于其3个年级的听力正常学生具有相同的句子表征加工模式,但加工效果与低于其3个年级的听力正常学生有差距。 相似文献
11.
习近平总书记在北京大学师生座谈会上的讲话就青年培育和践行社会主义核心价值观这一重大理论问题和实践问题进行了全面、系统的科学阐述。此次讲话阐释了当代大学生社会主义核心价值观教育的重要意义,明确了社会主义核心价值观的基本内容、内在本质、时代精神和价值导向,澄清了当代大学生社会主义核心价值观教育的认识分歧,点明了当代大学生社会主义核心价值观教育的操作路径为:培养学生勤学的优良学风,培养学生修德的道德践履,培养学生明辨的判断能力,培养学生笃实的实干精神。 相似文献
12.
汪宝兵 《黑龙江教育学院学报》2011,30(5):173-175
意象图式是在认知语言学中广泛使用的一个重要概念,它们将生活经验和语言这样的更高层次上的认知域连接起来。意象图式对二语习得尤其是介词习得具有重要作用,因此意象图式理论可以运用到双宾语结构转换中对介词To和For的选择上。此理论也可以运用到跟别的动态动词搭配时介词TO与FOR的选择上,并且需作更进一步的研究。 相似文献
13.
Penella Barker 《Early Childhood Education Journal》1982,10(1):32-35
Language acquisition is for young children interacting with the language spoken around them. Children learn quite a bit of language by imitation, by repeating the various language forms they hear. It is not enough for children just to hear language; they must also interact with it. When we think of the methods used in teaching high school or college students a second language, we can then understand why interacting in communication is important for young children. One cannot speak Spanish fluently just by reading a Spanish grammar book; one must speak Spanish in order to speak it fluently.Penella Barker teaches in the New York City Public Schools. Pictures taken of Class K-164 by Ms. Loraine Sherod in Manhattan. 相似文献
14.
Michael Arthur Nancy Butterfield David H. McKinnon 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1998,45(1):97-115
This paper reports on the evaluation of a professional development program designed for communication partners of students with severe disability. The program aimed to facilitate the translation of reported best practice in the area of communication to classroom practice. A model of case application was used to enhance partner acquisition of targeted skills and knowledge, thereby addressing perceived concerns in this area. Participants including teachers, teacher aides, and speech pathologists completed pre‐ and post‐intervention questionnaires measuring skills, knowledge, and concerns. Data were analysed on the basis of participant role to determine the significance of change between groups. Results suggest that the professional development program was effective. Teachers and teacher aides reported increased skills and knowledge, accompanied by reduced concerns. Speech pathologists indicated minimal change in either area. These findings are explored in the context of the current research literature on partner training in communication intervention. 相似文献
15.
曹浩 《佳木斯教育学院学报》2012,(8):260+262
中国大学生在学习英语的过程中总会出现一系列的介词错误,英语介词的频率高、词义杂、用法繁的特点以及介词、介词词组和介词搭配的学习难点给学习者带来了许多困难。本研究采用语料库为基础研究方法,以理工科大学生作文为数据,研究分析其中使用频率最高的前十位介词的主要错误,并且探索错误根源。 相似文献
16.
Amy Grant Alexandra Gottardo Esther Geva 《Learning disabilities research & practice》2011,26(2):67-83
This study compared variables related to reading ability in Grade 3 students learning English as a first language (L1) and second language (L2). The students learning English as an L2 came from diverse backgrounds, with different levels of bilingualism in Spanish and English or Portuguese and English before they entered school. Both within‐group and between‐group differences emerged in comparing Spanish children from two cohorts, and in comparing the Spanish group to the Portuguese and English groups. Models predicting reading comprehension found differences with respect to the contribution of receptive vocabulary, decoding, and print exposure in the L1 and L2 groups, depending on the L2 students’ bilingual language status and language acquisition experiences. Additionally, print exposure was more highly related to comprehension in the lowest performing L2 groups. Implications and future directions are discussed. 相似文献
17.
许琨 《暨南大学华文学院学报》2014,(4):32-38
文章对比了留学生真实口语和本族语者口语中汉语介词的使用状况,发现除“把”以外留学生口语中使用的高频介词与本族语者比较一致,但介词种类总数不及本族语者丰富。另外,留学生口语中介词的后接成分以单纯成分为主。文章以言语生成理论中的“利己性”假说为基础,具体分析了频率、组块效应以及编码复杂度对留学生口语中介词使用特点的影响。 相似文献
18.
《Journal of educational and psychological consultation》2013,23(1):29-47
Speech and language services for students with severe multiple disabilities require a team effort. These students benefit from communication intervention which is part of normal daily routines. Current best practices for all individuals with severe multiple disabilities have focused on adult-life skills needed to access typical community settings. Speech/language services are a valuable resource to this process. Communication is both a fundamental human right and a behavior that occurs naturally across settings in the school and community. 相似文献
19.
原型范畴理论是认知语言学的重要理论之一,这一理论对英语介词的习得有着重要的启示。英语介词是有着多个义项的词类,但是它们的原型义项是其语义延伸的基础。研究显示,在原型范畴理论指导下,学习者能较好地掌握介词多个义项之间的深层联系和隐喻意义,从而帮助学习者更好地掌握和使用英语介词。 相似文献
20.
文章使用塞音声学格局分析的方法对3名德国学生的德语塞音格局及汉语塞音格局进行了考察,并与汉语母语者的塞音格局进行了对比分析。结果看到,德国学习者能够区分汉语送气音和不送气音两个音位范畴;德国学生的汉语送气塞音发音好于不送气塞音。德国学生的错误发音方式是用母语中的浊音特征替代汉语中的不送气特征;用母语中的较紧、较弱的送气特征替代汉语中的较松、较强的送气特征。文章的结果也基本验证了Best的PAM理论和Flege的SLM理论。通过这些分析也看到,塞音声学格局的分析方法对于第二语言语音习得研究是有效的。 相似文献