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1.
在意大利大学改革的历程中,大学教师教学资格的严格评审,一直是意大利大学教师管理的重要内容。这种规范和严格的大学教师教学资格评审,在保证和促进意大利高等教育质量提高方面起到了关键作用。本文对意大利不同历史时期大学教师教学资格的评审及授予情况进行分析和评述,提出对我国健全和完善高校教师教学资格评审制度的启示。 相似文献
2.
This study presents in-depth empirical analyses of drop-outs from all Swiss universities for the entire student population between 1975 and 2008. The results show that most identifiable factors associated with a greater or lesser probability of dropping out are identical to those found in a recent Systematic Review (Larsen et al., 2013). The main findings are that: first, since the 1970s, there has been a marked trend towards falling drop-out rates which is largely due to female students who, today, have lower drop-out rates than their male counterparts; secondly, not only are there different drop-out rates for specific subjects of study, but there are also differences in baccalaureate profiles, which indicates that the skills acquired prior to entering university have a great impact on successful study; thirdly, students who change their first subject choice are at great risk of dropping out. No firm conclusions can yet be drawn about the Bologna reform but, based on the subjects which changed to the Bachelor/Master system between 2001 and 2003, no reduction in drop-out rates can be found as a result of the reform. 相似文献
3.
Corrado Bighi 《Higher Education in Europe》1993,18(1):58-67
The gap between social reality and the Italian higher education system, which is little geared to respond to massive social demand, has had a negative impact on the quality of education. The research institutions are in a similarly difficult situation. Thus it is mandatory that the role and functions of the individual universities and research centres be redefined and properly coordinated. During the tenth Italian legislature, various measures were implemented to initiate the reform of the university and the research system. The role of the state, previously assigned to the Ministry of Public Education and to the Ministry of Coordination of Scientific and Technological Research Projects, has been redefined and reduced, and the principles of university and research autonomy were defined in bills debated in the Parliament, to be followed by a law developing and refining the regulation of this area. The autonomy of the university and of research institutions is never permanent; it must be re‐established from time to time. This need is never more obvious than in the frequent disputes over academic freedom and university autonomy. 相似文献
4.
从意大利大学教师任用制度的特点出发,阐述该国大学教师任用制度的历次改革,并对意大利大学教师的任用制度及其改革中的经验和存在的问题进行述评,以期为我国大学教师职务聘任制度改革提供借鉴。 相似文献
5.
博洛尼亚进程中意大利高等教育学位制度改革 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
"采用以两个层次为主的学位体系"是"博洛尼亚进程"改革中的重要内容.为融入欧洲高等教育区,继续推行高等教育自治和克服传统高等教育学位制度的弊端,意大利政府在<博洛尼亚宣言>颁布后实施学位制度改革,引入了"3+2"双层学位制度.本文在分析意大利实施学位制度改革的背景与动因的基础上,阐述了其改革措施、改革成效、改革中遇到的问题与解决方法,以期对我国高等教育学位制度改革有所借鉴. 相似文献
6.
In 2001 the Italian tertiary education system embarked in a broad process of reform. The main novelty brought by the reform was a reduction of the length of study to get a first level degree together with the introduction of a two-years, second level, master degree. This paper aims at studying the effects of the reform in terms of fairness. To this end, we first define fairness criteria following a well developed theory of equality of opportunity, we then discuss existing inequality measures consistent with these criteria, we show their relationship, and adapt them to the educational framework. We finally employ this set of measures to show the evolution of fairness in the access to university in Italy before and after the reform. Although not all fairness measures we estimated show a higher degree of fairness after the reform, the large majority does, suggesting a positive effect of the reform under a vast range of possible definitions of fairness. 相似文献
7.
ZORAN MILENKOVIC´ 《Higher Education in Europe》2003,28(3):335-338
The author, the Rector of the University of Nis in Serbia and Montenegro, describes the recent introduction of quality control mechanisms and other reform measures in his university. These reform measures are intended to help adapt the university to the Bologna Process. The carrying out of these reforms has been aided by a university-wide evaluation that was conducted in 2002 by a team of the European Association of Universities. A second impetus for reform has been the participation of the University of Nis in the activities of the Regional University Network on Governance and Management of Higher Education in South East Europe. 相似文献
8.
National cultures are known to influence educational institutions and practices in many ways. It therefore seems reasonable to assume that drop-out from university is also influenced by differences in national cultures. In this article, we compare drop-out from Danish universities with drop-out from European universities. Based on Danish national culture (characterised by individualism, low power distance, femininity, and low uncertainty avoidance) and on the high level of economic support for students, we find that drop-out from higher education in Denmark as compared to most other European countries is less influenced by socio-economic factors and by the students’ degree of social integration. Hence, our review of the research on drop-out identifies some differences that might rest on national cultural varieties. It also points to difficulties in comparing results from different research studies, not only in Denmark but also across Europe. This difficulty results from varieties in research designs and definitions of drop-out. 相似文献
9.
Emma Nardi 《Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice》2001,8(3):339-351
The Italian school and university system is going through profound changes. In the school system, the exam that all students have to take at the end of upper-secondary education has been reformed, while at the university level, a law has been approved for reorganising higher education. It is thus a fluid situation in which the new demands have to come to terms with the traditional framework and in which change is not always devoid of contradictions. This article will try to illustrate how the shift from school to university education is influenced by the new legislation and will highlight the problems that this transition poses for Italian students embarking on university education. 相似文献
10.
陈运香 《洛阳师范学院学报》2001,20(1):94-95
培养综合素质的师范外语人才 ,需要深化教学内容和课程体系的改革 ,改进教学方法 ,加强学生的外语综合能力。提高语言应用能力的同时 ,还必须高度重视思想政治素质的培养 相似文献
11.
新课改背景下高考改革面临的挑战及建议 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
配合新课程改革和高等教育大众化发展的要求,我国部分省市在高考内容与形式等诸多方面进行了改革。新课程改革背景下的高考命题面临着一系列的挑战。本文从重新制订考试目标、合理调整命题范围、实现知识性考试向能力性考试转变、建立高考命题质量控制机制等方面提出了应对建议。 相似文献
12.
产业化——高校后勤社会化渐进式改革 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黄志铭 《福建工程学院学报》2011,9(5):501-506
我国高校后勤改革势在必行。高校后勤社会化是我国高校后勤改革方向,但不能操之过急,需要一个缓冲期,一个载体。高校后勤产业化是我国高校后勤一种渐进式的改革,可作为实现高校后勤社会化的桥梁,在高校后勤深化改革进程中有其必然性、可行性,适应我国高校后勤改革当前情势。最后,文章还论述了实现我国高校后勤产业化的部分具体对策,并呼吁我国高等教育界,尤其是高校后勤人士,对高校后勤产业化给予深入的理论研讨论证和实践探索校验。 相似文献
13.
我国现代大学课程制度的改革与发展体现出典型的政府主导型特征,遵循社会本位的价值取向,其变革还具有强制性的自上而下的、与高等教育整体改革一体化的特点。在大学课程制度构建与改革中,需要通过落实大学的自主权、促进师生民主参与课程教学、明确课程的管理机构及各自的权限、建立科学规范的大学课程教学运行程序等措施对我国现代大学课程制度加以改革。 相似文献
14.
We analyse the effects of a 2012 reform, which increased the duration of many service sector apprenticeships, while leaving many other apprenticeships, including some in the service sector, unaffected. Using a Difference-in-Differences approach, we estimate the effect of this reform on apprenticeship starts, achievement, drop-out, employment and earnings. We find evidence for reduced apprenticeship starts, increased drop-out rates and reduced achievement of the qualification, but also significantly increased earnings, especially amongst achievers. 相似文献
15.
日本文部科学省计划于2020年度对现行高考制度进行改革,以"大学入学共通考试"取代现行的"大学入学中心考试",主要措施有两项:一是在高考中引入民间英语考试;二是在部分科目中加入主观叙述等题型.该措施引发了广泛质疑与批评,文部科学省最终宣布两项措施皆暂缓实行,改革至此停摆.其问题在于改革目的与手段本末倒置、公平性与科学性... 相似文献
16.
关于高校人事制度改革的几点思考 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
李书金 《山东商业职业技术学院学报》2005,5(3):88-92
高校人事制度改革的紧迫性、改革面临的主要问题、改革的内容和目标要求以及改革的配套措施；改革的任务、原则、方法和要求。 相似文献
17.
Since achieving independence in 1991, the Republic of Latvia has taken radical measures to reform its system of science on a western model. The funding system has been overhauled, the Academy of Sciences, that used to be a kind of Ministry of Science, has become an academy of the classical type, and the advanced degrees of scientists inherited from the USSR‐era have been nostrificated. The big problem has been that of enacting the decision made to integrate the former institutes that were subordinated to the Latvian Academy of Sciences into the university system. The process has been resisted by university teachers who do not want to do research and by institute scientists who do not want to teach students, particularly undergraduate students. The article describes several measures that have been taken to deal with this problem which still remains unresolved. 相似文献
18.
University students’ drop-out is a crucial issue for the universities’ efficiency evaluation and funding. In this paper, we
analyze the drop-out rate of the Economics and Business faculty of Sapienza University of Rome. We use administrative data
on 9,725 undergraduates students enrolled in three-years bachelor programs from 2001 to 2007 and perform a Generalized Linear
Mixed Model. Our aim is to improve the general understanding of the students’ withdrawing focusing on personal characteristics
of students rather than on institutional aspects of the university. The empirical analysis unveils the statistically significant
effect of students’ characteristics, like citizenship and income, while the main findings relate a high drop-out probability
to a high secondary school final mark and a low individual students’ performance. 相似文献
19.
结合国内外高校公共物理课程教学改革的研究现状及学生的能力素质,本文提出了适合学生发展和课程教学的大学物理课程教学改革措施及运行机制,通过改革措施,提高学生对学习公共物理重要性的认识及学习公共物理的兴趣,更好地培养学生自主学习和独立思考的能力,提高理工科各专业学生的科学素养和分析、解决问题的能力,建立科学的世界观,培养学生的探索精神和创新意识。 相似文献
20.
在全国上下共同关注和期待高等教育改革继续推进和深入的当代语境中,如何在人文精神式微的当下,通过教育改革实现大学生人文素养的提升已经成为共识。结合多年的文学教育实践经验,提出文学课程教学改革的4个具体措施,旨在倡导传统阅读生态的回归,切实发挥文学教育陶冶人、塑造人的独特功能,从而为提升大学生人文素养承担应有的使命。 相似文献