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1.
College science education needs to foster students' habit of mind beyond disciplinary constraints. However, little research has been devoted to assessing students' interdisciplinary understanding. To address this problem, we formed a team of experts from different disciplines to develop interdisciplinary assessments that target introductory college-level science. We started our project by focusing on osmosis, a topic that involves knowledge from multiple science disciplines. We developed an instrument focusing on this topic and administered it to 3 classes of college students. A Rasch partial credit analysis showed that the items demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties. The findings also revealed the differences between student's disciplinary and interdisciplinary understanding. The educational implications of the study were discussed. 相似文献
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This US study investigates interactive associations between structure in inquiry‐type learning activities and academic attainment in high school science with introductory college science performance as the outcome. Past studies of this type have tended to use smaller samples and shorter‐range methods of assessing the influence of interactions. This study used a large‐scale nationally representative sampling of science students and investigated the existence of long‐range associations between high school and college. Replicated across three different disciplinary data‐sets (biology, chemistry, and physics) totaling over 8,000 surveys, the analysis discovered an interaction between structure and attainment associated with differences in long‐range student performance. The implications for these findings in terms of theory and practise are discussed in the conclusions. 相似文献
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作为智能化社会的学科基础要素,大数据正在驱动着高等教育系统的范式变革。美国普渡大学一体化数据科学首倡计划发起的跨学科学术组织变革,强调以跨学科学位项目与学科交叉课程、学科会聚研究计划与研究团队、服务性学习数据社区与主题工作坊、产教融合的数据科学校企合作模式构建高校数据科学教育生态系统。值此加强新时代教育科学研究的战略契机,以"数据+"引导多学科会聚和教育模式创新,打造面向真实世界的数据科学实践社区,建设校企协同产教融合共同体,加快培育大学生数据思维和校园数据文化,将有助于高等教育治理体系改革和治理能力现代化的实现。 相似文献
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A large scale study involving 1786 year 7–10 Korean students from three school districts in Seoul was undertaken to evaluate their understanding of basic optics concepts using a two‐tier multiple‐choice diagnostic instrument consisting of four pairs of items, each of which evaluated the same concept in two different contexts. The instrument, which proved to be reliable, helped identify several context‐dependent alternative conceptions that were held by about 25% of students. At the same time, students’ performance on the diagnostic test correlated with the location of the schools, students’ achievement in school science and their attitudes to science learning. However, students’ grade levels had limited influence on their understanding of basic concepts in optics as measured by the instrument. 相似文献
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科学创新人才培养的内核在于引导大学生对科学精神、科学文化、科学本质进行深度体悟,形成合理的科学观。科学创新人才培养与科学观的养成具有内在的统一性。传统科学观简化了对科学的认识,抑制了大学生的科学思维和科学想象。对于我国科学教育而言,设置独立的科学史课程、创建跨学科的人才培养平台、改革学业考试制度、加大科研创新考核比例是更新大学生科学观的着力点。 相似文献
6.
Elisabeth Jacoba Hendrika Spelt Pieternelleke Arianne Luning Martinus A. J. S. van Boekel Martin Mulder 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2017,42(6):761-774
Preparing science and engineering students to work in interdisciplinary teams necessitates research on teaching and learning of interdisciplinary thinking. A multidimensional approach was taken to examine student interdisciplinary learning in a master course on food quality management. The collected 615 student experiences were analysed for the cognitive, emotional, and social learning dimensions using the learning theory of Illeris. Of these 615 experiences, the analysis showed that students reported 214, 194, and 207 times on, respectively, the emotional, the cognitive, and the social dimension. Per learning dimension, key learning experiences featuring interdisciplinary learning were identified such as ‘frustrations in selecting and matching disciplinary knowledge to complex problems’ (emotional), ‘understanding how to apply theoretical models or concepts to real-world situations’ (cognitive), and ‘socially engaging with peers to recognise similarities in perceptions and experiences’ (social). Furthermore, the results showed that students appreciated the cognitive dimension relatively more than the emotional and social dimensions. 相似文献
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丁桂英 《金华职业技术学院学报》2012,12(2):57-61
高职生违纪现象主要表现在考试作弊、旷课和其它违纪等方面,其主要原因有学生的自身素质、学校教育、家庭教育、社会环境等。从新生始业教育入手,建立预警机制;建立班级档案,全面掌握学生情况;施行处分救济,推行＂以生为本＂;公开处分程序,突出人文关怀;营造学习氛围,重视过程教育;建立一支高素质的学生管理队伍等对策进行矫正,以减少学生违纪情况的发生。 相似文献
9.
Yang Yang Peng He Xiufeng Liu 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2018,16(4):639-654
So far, not enough effort has been invested in developing reliable, valid, and engaging assessments in school science, especially assessment of interdisciplinary science based on the new Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS). Furthermore, previous tools rely mostly on multiple-choice items and evaluation of student outcome is linked only to their raw scores in standardized tests. In addition, educational research on student science achievement always limits in certain grade/subject according to application of raw scores. This study provides a way to design, validate, and further improve an instrument to assess student understanding in interdisciplinary science across grade and time. Meanwhile, student learning growth is investigated. The data are collected from elementary/middle school student survey from an Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering Partnership (ISEP) in Northeastern part of the USA. The results show a generally good quality of instrument through various aspects of empirical evidence, such as dimensionality, model-data-fit, and validity. Finally, student learning growth in understanding interdisciplinary science shows a sharp increase between elementary and middle school. The study sheds light on developing more reliable and valid instruments in assessing student science understanding based on the new standards and it also provides suggestions of implementation in both educational research and practice. 相似文献
10.
采用大学生自我控制量表和绩效评价量表对在校大学生进行测评,探讨大学生自我控制特点及其与学业成就的关系,结果显示,男女生在自我觉醒、自我规划、自我评估和自我校正等方面存在显著性差异;学生干部在自我觉醒、自我规划、自我执行、自我评估和自我校正等因素上显著高于非学生干部;本科大学生的自我执行、自我评估和自我校正显著的高于专科大学生;大二年级的自我控制能力最低,大三的自我控制能力最高;大学生自我控制与其学业成就水平密切相关,而且对其学业成就水平有一定的预测作用;影响大学生学习成就最重要的因素是自我执行、自我觉醒、自我校正和自我激励。 相似文献
11.
Dongmei Zhang 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(15):2555-2576
Problem-solving has been one of the major strands in science education research. But much of the problem-solving research has been conducted on discipline-based contexts; little research has been done on how students, especially individuals, solve interdisciplinary problems. To understand how individuals reason about interdisciplinary problems, we conducted an interview study with 16 graduate students coming from a variety of disciplinary backgrounds. During the interviews, we asked participants to solve two interdisciplinary science problems on the topic of osmosis. We investigated participants’ problem reasoning processes and probed in their attitudes toward general interdisciplinary approach and specific interdisciplinary problems. Through a careful inductive content analysis of their responses, we studied how disciplinary, cognitive, and affective factors influenced their interdisciplinary problems-solving. We found that participants’ prior discipline-based science learning experiences had both positive and negative influences on their interdisciplinary problem-solving. These influences were embodied in their conceptualization of the interdisciplinary problems, the strategies they used to integrate different disciplinary knowledge, and the attitudes they had toward interdisciplinary approach in general and specific interdisciplinary problems. This study sheds light on interdisciplinary science education by revealing the complex relationship between disciplinary learning and interdisciplinary problem-solving. 相似文献
12.
《The Journal of educational research》2012,105(4):319-321
ABSTRACT This qualitative within-site case study (N = 10) is a follow-up study to a 2006–2007 investigation that analyzed how 1 high school created a community of care for its ninth-grade students through the implementation of a ninth-grade transition program—Freshman Focus. All participants were interviewed again 3 years later during students’ senior year to investigate how Freshman Focus might have fostered a long-lasting community of care that extended throughout students’ high school years. Findings suggest teacher–student and program–student relationships served as ways to foster a community of care that promoted a positive school experience for students. While findings indicate that Freshman Focus fostered a community of care that lasted throughout these students’ high school years, it is unclear whether this caring community extended to the broader school community. 相似文献
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目前,大学中的跨学科已经成为一个普遍的现象,但是从实践到认识,仍没摆脱学科的窠臼。从跨学科内涵来看,跨学科依然是建立在学科基础上,受学科规训约制的学科范式,其独立概念体系尚未形成;从跨学科活动来看,跨学科活动建立于学科活动基础之上,单一学科活动也可以实现跨学科活动目标;从跨学科组织来看,学科组织仍然是主导形式。跨学科组织的构建不仅仅会冲击到传统大学的组织结构,而且也会影响跨学科组织自身的运行状态。因此,大学中出现的跨学科从现象转为一种大学的发展模式仍需时日。 相似文献
14.
Previous research has found a wide range of predictors of student performance in introductory college chemistry. These predictors are associated with both the students' backgrounds and their high school learning experiences. The purpose of this research study was to examine the link between high school chemistry pedagogical experiences and performance in introductory college chemistry while accounting for individual educational and demographic differences. The researchers surveyed 1531 students enrolled in first‐semester introductory college chemistry courses for science and engineering majors at 12 different U.S. colleges and universities. Using multiple regression analysis, the researchers uncovered several interesting high school pedagogical experiences that appeared to be linked with varying levels of performance in college chemistry. Most notably, the researchers found that repeating chemistry labs for understanding was associated with higher student grades, whereas overemphasis on lab procedure in high school chemistry was associated with lower grades in college. These results suggest that high school teachers' pedagogical choices may have a link to future student performance. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 42: 987–1012, 2005 相似文献
15.
Students at the junior high school (JHS) level often cannot use their knowledge of physics for explaining and predicting phenomena. We claim that this difficulty stems from the fact that explanations are multi‐step reasoning tasks, and students often lack the qualitative problem‐solving strategies needed to guide them. This article describes a new instructional approach for teaching mechanics at the JHS level that explicitly teaches such a strategy. The strategy involves easy to use visual representations and leads from characterizing the system in terms of interactions to the design of free‐body force diagrams. These diagrams are used for explaining and predicting phenomena based on Newton's laws. The findings show that 9th grade students who studied by the approach advanced significantly from pretests to post‐tests on items of the Force Concept Inventory—FCI and on other items examining specific basic and complex understanding performances. These items focused on the major learning goals of the program. In the post‐tests the JHS students performed on the FCI items better than advanced high‐school and college students. In addition, interviews conducted before, during, and after instruction indicated that the students had an improved ability to explain and predict phenomena using physics ideas and that they showed retention after 6 months. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 47: 1094–1115, 2010 相似文献
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Sebastian T. Opitz Ute Harms Knut Neumann Kristin Kowalzik Arne Frank 《Research in Science Education》2015,45(5):691-715
Energy is considered both a core idea and a crosscutting concept in science education. A thorough understanding of the energy concept is thought to help students learn about other (related) concepts within and across science subjects, thereby fostering scientific literacy. This study investigates students’ progression in understanding the energy concept in biological contexts at the transition from primary to lower secondary school by employing a quantitative, cross-sectional study in grades 3–6 (N?=?540) using complex multiple-choice items. Based on a model developed in a previous study, energy concepts were assessed along four aspects of energy: (1) forms and sources of energy, (2) transfer and transformation, (3) degradation and dissipation, and (4) energy conservation. Two parallel test forms (A and B) indicated energy concept scores to increase significantly by a factor of 2.3 (A)/1.7 (B) from grade 3 to grade 6. Students were observed to progress in their understanding of all four aspects of the concept and scored highest on items for energy forms. The lowest scores and the smallest gain across grades were found for energy conservation. Based on our results, we argue that despite numerous learning opportunities, students lack a more integrated understanding of energy at this stage, underlining the requirement of a more explicit approach to teaching energy to young learners. Likewise, more interdisciplinary links for energy learning between relevant contexts in each science discipline may enable older students to more efficiently use energy as a tool and crosscutting concept with which to analyze complex content. 相似文献
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“新生研讨课”是本科教育中新兴起的一种引导性的大学启蒙教育课程。山东大学在借鉴美国和国内“新生研讨课”开设经验的基础上,通过3轮教学实践,探索出适合临床医学专业“新生研讨课”的教学模式,这一模式有助于临床医学专业大学生完成由中学阶段向大学阶段的角色转换。 相似文献
18.
Loss of Institutional Trust Among Racial and Ethnic Minority Adolescents: A Consequence of Procedural Injustice and a Cause of Life‐Span Outcomes 
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下载免费PDF全文 David S. Yeager Valerie Purdie‐Vaughns Sophia Yang Hooper Geoffrey L. Cohen 《Child development》2017,88(2):658-676
This research tested a social‐developmental process model of trust discernment. From sixth to eighth grade, White and African American students were surveyed twice yearly (ages 11–14; Study 1, N = 277). African American students were more aware of racial bias in school disciplinary decisions, and as this awareness grew it predicted a loss of trust in school, leading to a large trust gap in seventh grade. Loss of trust by spring of seventh grade predicted African Americans’ subsequent discipline infractions and 4‐year college enrollment. Causality was confirmed with a trust‐restoring “wise feedback” treatment delivered in spring of seventh grade that improved African Americans’ eighth‐grade discipline and college outcomes. Correlational findings were replicated with Latino and White students (ages 11–14; Study 2, N = 206). 相似文献
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美国高校交叉学科教育研究综述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着学科教育弊端和不足的日益显露,有关交叉学科教育的探讨和实践范围不断扩大,受到各国高校的广泛关注.本文对美国高校交叉学科教育的发展、概念与实践问题进行梳理,以为有关研究做一初步工作. 相似文献
20.
Fang-Ying Yang Shiang-Yao Liu Chung-Yuan Hsu Guo-Li Chiou Hsin-Kai Wu Ying-Tien Wu Sufen Chen Jyh-Chong Liang Meng-Jung Tsai Silvia W.-Y. Lee Min-Hsien Lee Che-Li Lin Regina Juchun Chu Chin-Chung Tsai 《Research in Science Education》2018,48(2):325-344
The purpose of this study was to develop and validate an online contextualized test for assessing students’ understanding of epistemic knowledge of science. In addition, how students’ understanding of epistemic knowledge of science interacts with learner factors, including time spent on science learning, interest, self-efficacy, and gender, was also explored. The participants were 489 senior high school students (244 males and 245 females) from eight different schools in Taiwan. Based on the result of an extensive literature review, we first identified six factors of epistemic knowledge of science, such as status of scientific knowledge, the nature of scientific enterprise, measurement in science, and so on. An online test was then created for assessing students’ understanding of the epistemic knowledge of science. Also, a learner-factor survey was developed by adopting previous PISA survey items to measure the abovementioned learner factors. The results of this study show that; (1) by factor analysis, the six factors of epistemic knowledge of science could be grouped into two dimensions which reflect the nature of scientific knowledge and knowing in science, respectively; (2) there was a gender difference in the participants’ understanding of the epistemic knowledge of science; and (3) students’ interest in science learning and the time spent on science learning were positively correlated to their understanding of the epistemic knowledge of science. 相似文献