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在地方院校工科专业如何利用高水平学科平台建设的优势更加有效地促进教学质量的提高，从而更好地培育高素质的创新人才，即如何实践科研反哺教学的人才培养模式，已成为众多地方院校必须面对和思考的迫切的现实问题。本文以地方特色院校沈阳航空航天大学能动类专业为例，对专业在“科研反哺教学”机制、“项目为牵引、团队为核心”模式探索与实践方面的一些经验进行总结。特别是在科研成果转化教学内容、科研装置转化虚拟教学实验平台和高校-院所-企业协同育人等方面的一些实践经验。 相似文献
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为进一步探索我国高校科研团队的创新效率提升之谜，本研究基于调节焦点理论与和谐管理理论，以我国122个高校“2011协同创新中心”科研团队为对象，从团队调节焦点视角出发，开展了连续10个月的经验取样调查。结果显示：(1)科研教师的个体调节焦点会聚合为团队调节焦点，且团队促进型调节焦点与团队防御型调节焦点的倾向程度，将使个体驱从于对应团队行为；(2)“高促进型-低防御型”的团队调节焦点倾向更有利于进一步优化团队和谐工作氛围，并能够更高效地推动高校科研团队创新效率提升；(3)仁慈型领导能够显著调节团队调节焦点对团队和谐的促进作用，并间接提升高校科研团队创新效率。故而，本研究建议相关高校组织管理者可从团队团建机制与团队和谐机制入手，适时优化团队管理策略，以强化团队向心力与融洽度，进而创造高效率的团队内和谐创新生态。 相似文献
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韦清 《金华职业技术学院学报》2015,(3)
协同创新是新时期对创新的一种深入解读,高职院校在协同创新体系中具有重要的地位与作用。高职院校科研团队存在发展封闭、管理松散、绩效考核有待提高等问题。协同创新具有的协同性、共享性、高效性、持续性四个特点,可优化现有科研团队的组织模式。面向协同创新的科研团队优化组织模式可分为四类：基于项目的团队模式、基于共同体的团队模式、基于实体的团队模式、基于联盟的团队模式。 相似文献
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青年科研创新团队的功能包括科研成果创新和人才梯队培养两个方面,但是人才培养应该作为青年科研创新团队功能定位的重心,以实现青年科研创新团队和相关科研项目的功能上交叉定位,发挥创新团队的长期科研效益。优秀的青年科研创新团队,应当采取以＂长期合作＂＂人员稳定＂＂方向清晰＂＂学科互补＂＂沟通充分＂＂加强传承＂为特点的团队管理模式和有利于人才培养的评价方式。 相似文献
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试论高校科研团队的管理与建设 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
高校科研团队的建设,有利于学科带头人的培养,特色学科的培育,科研方向的整合以及创新思想和创新成果的产生。笔者分析了高校科研团队的特点及其现状,指出了科研团队建设中所存在的问题,分析了如何管理科研团队,最后就如何建设科研团队提出了看法与建议。 相似文献
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近年来,以研究生导师为负责人、以博士生和硕士生为主要科研力量的科研项目团队逐渐形成,由于该类团队具有较高的人员流动性和较强的人才培养职能,如何在完成科研任务的同时达成人才培养的目标成为亟待解决的问题。从项目管理与团队管理的视角对当前研究生培养和科研团队管理过程进行分析,探索在统一的管理模式下如何培养个性化的学生,促进研究生培养模式的改革与创新。 相似文献
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高校科研创新团队建设的思考 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
高校科研团队是由以科技创新为目的,围绕共同愿景,愿意为共同的科研目的相互承担责任的若干技能互补的科技研发人员组成的团队。它既具有一般团队的目标共同性、知识共享性、利益依存性等特征,也具有自身的独特性,即组织形式创新,管理行为创新,研究方向与内容创新。就此特点,文章从体制、学科建设、环境等方面对科研创新团队建设进行探析,以期发挥高校人才、学科等优势建立起高水平的科研创新团队。 相似文献
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地方高校创新团队建设的思考 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
高校创新团队建设的目的是明确学科方向，汇聚科研队伍，提升科研水平和科研能力，推动学科建设，促进学校发展。创新团队建设只有把握关键，突出特色，发挥优势，才会取得良好的效果。 相似文献
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By sending out questionnaires to 106 counselors of 98 colleges and universities, panel discussion and interviewing, the authors
implement a fairly comprehensive survey on the development of the financial aid system of assisting impoverished students
in higher education institutes (HEIs) in China, including national student loans, award fund supported by government, on campus
work-study and subsidy, etc. This paper aims at probing into some major problems that exist in this system and offer some
suggestions and countermeasures on how to improve and develop the system.
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Translated from Guojia Jiaoyu Xingzheng Xueyuan Xuebao 国家教育行政学院学报 (Journal of National Academy of Education Administration), 2006, (11): 76–81 相似文献
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Wanhai Liu 《Frontiers of Education in China》2008,3(1):149-161
Reflecting on nearly half a century’s research on “effective teaching”, this essay attempts to arouse a lot of suspicion,
including ambiguous definition of connotation, a false antithesis and the imbalance between teachers and students. Accordingly,
this study further reveals hidden thinking obstacles, such as over-reliance on technical rationality, wrong inference and
the separation of the dialectical relationship between teaching and learning. As a future research direction, the ideal teaching
should focus on virtue rather than efficiency, giving consideration to effectiveness and responsibility.
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Translated from Quanqiu Jiaoyu Zhanwang 全球教育展望 (Global Education), 2007, 36(7): 17–22 相似文献
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Bruce Wainman Akanksha Aggarwal Sapriya K. Birk Jaskaran S. Gill Katrina S. Hass Barbara Fenesi 《Anatomical sciences education》2021,14(6):788-798
The novelty of three-dimensional visualization technology (3DVT), such as virtual reality (VR), has captured the interest of many educational institutions. This study’s objectives were to (1) assess how VR and physical models impact anatomy learning, (2) determine the effect of visuospatial ability on anatomy learning from VR and physical models, and (3) evaluate the impact of a VR familiarization phase on learning. This within-subjects, crossover study recruited 78 undergraduate students who studied anatomical structures at both physical and VR models and were tested on their knowledge immediately and 48 hours after learning. There were no significant differences in test scores between the two modalities on both testing days. After grouping participants on visuospatial ability, low visuospatial ability learners performed significantly worse on anatomy knowledge tests compared to their high visuospatial ability counterparts when learning from VR immediately (P = 0.001, d = 1.515) and over the long-term (P = 0.003, d = 1.279). In contrast, both low and high visuospatial ability groups performed similarly well when learning from the physical model and tested immediately after learning (P = 0.067) and over the long-term (P = 0.107). These results differ from current literature which indicates that learners with low visuospatial ability are aided by 3DVT. Familiarizing participants with VR before the learning phase had no impact on learning (P = 0.967). This study demonstrated that VR may be detrimental to low visuospatial ability students, whereas physical models may allow all students, regardless of their visuospatial abilities, to learn similarly well. 相似文献
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He Guo-qing Zhang Xiu-yan Tang Xing-jun Chen Qi-he Ruan Hui 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2005,6(8):825-831
The partition behaviors of β-1,3-1,4-glucanase, α-amylase and neutral proteases from clarified and whole fermentation broths
ofBacillus subtilis ZJF-1A5 were investigated. An aqueous two-phase system (polyethylene glycol (PEG)/MgSO4) was examined with regard to the effects of PEG molecular weight (MW) and concentration, MgSO4 concentration, pH and NaCl concentration on enzyme partition and extraction. The MW and concentration of PEG were found to
have significant effects on enzyme partition and extraction with low MW PEG showing the greatest benefit in the partition
and extraction of β-glucanase with the PEG/MgSO4 system. MgSO4 concentration influenced the partition and extraction of β-glucanase significantly. pH had little effect on β-glucanase or
proteases partition but affected α-amylase partition when pH was over 7.0. The addition of NaCl had little effect on the partition
behavior of β-glucanase but had very significant effects on the partitioning of α-amylase and on the neutral proteases. The
partition behaviors of β-glucanase, α-amylase and proteases in whole broth were also investigated and results were similar
to those obtained with clarified fermentation broth. A two-step process for purifying β-glucanase was developed, which achieved
β-glucanase recovery of 65.3% and specific activity of 14027 U/mg, 6.6 times improvement over the whole broth.
Project (No. 20276064) supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China 相似文献
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Rocio Lorenzo-Alvarez Teodoro Rudolphi-Solero Miguel J. Ruiz-Gomez Francisco Sendra-Portero 《Anatomical sciences education》2020,13(5):602-617
Game-based learning can have a positive impact on medical education, and virtual worlds have great potential for supporting immersive online games. It is necessary to reinforce current medical students' knowledge about radiological anatomy and radiological signs. To meet this need, the objectives of this study were: to design a competition-based game in the virtual world, Second Life and to analyze the students' perceptions of Second Life and the game, as well as to analyze the medium-term retention of knowledge and the potential impact on the final grades. Ninety out of 197 (45.6%) third-year medical students voluntarily participated in an online game based on self-guided presentations and multiple-choice tests over six 6-day stages. Participants and non-participants were invited to perform an evaluation questionnaire about the experience and a post-exposure knowledge test. Participants rated the experience with mean scores equal to or higher than 8.1 on a 10-point scale, highlighting the professor (9.5 ± 1.1; mean ± SD) and the virtual environment (8.9 ± 1.1). Participants had better results in the post-exposure test than non-participants (59.0 ± 13.5 versus 45.3 ± 11.5; P < 0.001) and a lower percentage of answers left blank (6.7 ± 8.4 versus 13.1 ± 12.9; P = 0.014). Competitive game-based learning within Second Life is an effective and well-accepted means of teaching core radiological anatomy and radiological signs content to medical students. The higher medium-term outcomes obtained by participants may indicate effective learning with the game. Additionally, valuable positive perceptions about the game, the educational contents, and the potential benefit for their education were discovered among non-participants. 相似文献
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Two experiments investigated whether acting as a peer model for a video-based modeling example, which entails studying a text with the intention to explain it to others and then actually explaining it on video, would foster learning and transfer. In both experiments, novices were instructed to study a text, either with the intention of being able to complete a test (condition A), or being able to explain the content to others (condition B and C). Moreover, students in condition C actually had to explain the text by creating a webcam-video. In Experiment 1 (N = 76 secondary education students) there was no effect of study intention on learning (A = B), but explaining during video creation significantly fostered transfer performance (C > B; C > A). In Experiment 2 (N = 95 university students), study intention did have an effect on learning (C > A; B > A), but only actual video creation significantly fostered transfer performance (C > A). 相似文献
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This investigation examined the effectiveness of reflection methods derived from Sternberg's theory of practical intelligence [Sternberg, R.J., and Hedlund, J. (2002). Practical intelligence, g, and work psychology. Human Performance 15(1/2), 143–160.; Sternberg, R.J., Forsythe, G.B., Hedlund, J., Horvath, H.A., Wagner, R.K., Williams, W.M., et al. (2000). Practical intelligence in everyday life. New York: Cambridge University Press. 2000] on the acquisition of experience-based, tacit knowledge. Two related experimental studies were conducted to test the effect of brief tacit-knowledge reflection training on practical problem solving. Reflection methods were developed based on Sternberg's conceptualized condition–action structure of tacit knowledge. In the first study, 101 U.S. Army officers participated in a reflection intervention or practice control. Results showed an effect of reflection condition on post-test tacit-knowledge scores (F [3, 91] = 3.74, p = .01, 2 = .03). In the second study, 235 college students participated in a reflection intervention or an academic-type reflection control. Results showed that the reflection condition approached significance on post-test scores (F [1, 233] = 3.47, p = .06, p = .06, 2 = .01). The investigation suggests this line of inquiry warrants continued study. 相似文献
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The Nike Foundation, the philanthropic arm of Nike, Inc., seeks to prove the “The Girl Effect,” its theory of change, through investments in adolescent girls in the Global South. The foundation defines it as the “unique potential of 250 million adolescent girls to end poverty for themselves and the world.” This article examines the elaborate, yet continually contested processes of attempting to prove “The Girl Effect.” It draws on ethnographic research in the U.S. and Brazil (2009–2010) to analyze how the Nike Foundation funds, produces, and distributes knowledge on the purported potential of particular adolescent girls to end poverty. It focuses on how the monitoring and evaluation practices of one grantee in Brazil were informed by and contributed to the foundation's broader project of proving “The Girl Effect.” The analysis explains how this occurred through processes of knowledge production and educational intervention that were predicated on an epistemological understanding of the trope of “Third World girl.” It provides insights into how the foundation extends it power and authority over new bodies, institutions, and geographies by asserting itself as an expert on adolescent girls and by influencing the development agendas of more powerful global institutions. 相似文献
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Catharina Tibken Tobias Richter Nicole von der Linden Sandra Schmiedeler Wolfgang Schneider 《Child development》2022,93(1):117-133
Gifted underachievers perform worse in school than would be expected based on their high intelligence. Possible causes for underachievement are low motivational dispositions (need for cognition) and metacognitive competences. This study tested the interplay of these variables longitudinally with gifted and non-gifted students from Germany (N = 341, 137 females) in Grades 6 (M = 12.02 years at t1) and 8 (M = 14.07 years). Declarative and procedural metacognitive competences were assessed in the domain of reading comprehension. Path analyses showed incremental effects of procedural metacognition over and above intelligence on the development of school achievement in gifted students (β = .139). Moreover, declarative metacognition and need for cognition interactively predicted procedural metacognition (β = .169), which mediated their effect on school achievement. 相似文献