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1.
《Sport Management Review》2014,17(4):395-406
This paper presents the findings of a study that examines the development of social capital within an Australian sporting organisation, Surf Life Saving Australia (SLSA). The study draws on the social capital literature across the not-for-profit sector and specific sport management social capital research. The research design incorporated an interpretive approach with data collected nationally from eight focus groups with key SLSA staff, board members and ‘toes in the sand’ volunteers. The findings provide fresh insights into the development and understanding of social capital within a sporting organisation. Both bonding and bridging were important social capital outcomes of the organisation's activities, albeit with important implications for antecedents and process. The data presented strong evidence for arguing that within the organisation bonding within the club comes first, which importantly provides a very strong sense of belonging and mutual support for club members, from volunteers through to the board. The strength of bonding provides a powerful base for subsequent bridging capital to the local, regional and national stakeholder communities that are associated with the organisation. Further, social capital develops in both the collective and individual, with leveraging of individual skills contributing to human capital development, which is closely connected to and inseparable from social capital. The paper concludes by discussing the theoretical implications for social capital generally and social capital in a sporting context. 相似文献
2.
对社会资本视角下体育志愿服务研究的国外进展进行梳理和整合,认为社会资本阶级论、功能论和组织论是该领域研究的主要理论依据。基于社会资本分析框架下个体、群体、组织和社会四个层面的研究表明:持续时间、个体特征、服务类型、组织环境是影响体育志愿服务促进社会资本生成与发展的关键要素。反思我国体育志愿服务发展之需和已有研究局限后提出建议:深入探索问题致因,聚焦体育志愿者利己性行为分析;保障持续参与行为,深化体育志愿组织治理研究;推进信息网络建设,探索多维协同联动机制;深化理论体系创新,推进社会资本理论的整合与本土化研究。 相似文献
3.
对社会资本视角下体育志愿服务研究的国外进展进行梳理和整合,认为社会资本阶级论、功能论和组织论是该领域研究的主要理论依据。基于社会资本分析框架下个体、群体、组织和社会四个层面的研究表明:持续时间、个体特征、服务类型、组织环境是影响体育志愿服务促进社会资本生成与发展的关键要素。反思我国体育志愿服务发展之需和已有研究局限后提出建议:深入探索问题致因,聚焦体育志愿者利己性行为分析;保障持续参与行为,深化体育志愿组织治理研究;推进信息网络建设,探索多维协同联动机制;深化理论体系创新,推进社会资本理论的整合与本土化研究。 相似文献
4.
In the fields of both education and sport, the possession of capital and habitus influences an individual’s lifestyles and choices, which in turn affects the social selection within these fields. In this article, we will study the Swedish system of school sports as an overlap between the fields of education and sport, and thus viewed as a double dominated field. From a cultural sociological perspective, the purpose of this article is to analyse and explain how the organisational conditions and pupils’ social characteristics interact with upper secondary pupils’ choices of different school sports programmes in Sweden. Based on registry data on secondary school sports pupils, the results show that the supply of school sports requires specific forms of social dispositions that have an impact on which categories of pupils choose to participate. Among the students participating in school sports, there is a higher proportion of pupils who: are of Swedish origin (p?p?p?p?相似文献
5.
This paper analyses the capacity of youth sport volunteering to contribute to the development of social capital. Following a review of the emergence of social capital as a key theme in UK sport policy, the paper focuses on the ability of a structured sports volunteering programme to equip young people with skills for effective volunteering, and provide opportunities for ‘social connectedness’ through sports volunteer placements. The study uses survey data (n=160) and qualitative interviews (n=10) with young people to examine how the national Step into Sport programme impacts on participants’ personal and skill development, and on their commitment to community involvement. Interviews with education and sport professionals (n=33) provide additional expert perspectives on the programme's impact on participants. Both sets of respondents report strong individual benefits to participants from their involvement, and increased social connectedness in a range of contexts. The paper concludes by considering the implications of the study for claims about the potential contribution of sport to social capital. 相似文献
6.
Sean F. Brown 《Sport in Society》2018,21(10):1517-1543
AbstractIn this paper, I explore social capital creation within a youth baseball league in the American Southwest. Within, I first propose a parent typology that centres on the level of parental social and pragmatic involvement with their child’s team. Second, I examine that the specific facets of league structure facilitate relationship building among parents and volunteers within the league, including team creation, practices and games, all-star participation, volunteering, and player relationships, all of which play both a facilitating and constraining role in the types of relationships parents were prone to forming, and the social capital benefits that were likely to accrue within. 相似文献
7.
体育外交作为独立研究对象得益于实践,但其实践缺乏系统性和统合性。以往研究者采用"例证法",强调体育外交的功能和政治目的,忽略了体育外交的实践逻辑。从韦伯的"工具理性"视角出发,重新整合体育外交的实践逻辑,同时引入社会学中的"资本"概念,提出"资源-行动战略-目的"的实践模型;认为应区分体育外交资源和体育外交行动,体育外交实践的政治目的是"资本生产与累积",经济、文化、社会和象征资本通过再生产的方式再次参与到体育外交实践中。以此模型为基础,进一步检视了中国体育外交实践中存在的部分问题。 相似文献
8.
Chris Mackintosh Natalie Darko Zoe Rutherford Hetty-May Wilkins 《Sport, Education and Society》2015,20(8):1065-1087
The dynamics and culture of families are central to individual and community sport and physical activity participation. This research project examined the lived experiences and day-to-day realities of the London 2012 Olympics from the perspectives of five families in the East Midlands region of England. The aims of the project were to assess the influence the Games had on shaping family sports participation, influencing social and health relationships within the families through sports and reactions to the 2012 Olympics. The study was conducted through the generation of rich qualitative data from pre- and post-Games interviews as well as production of video diary data by the families and young people themselves to gather micro-level information on the realities of ‘legacy’ for families. Findings from this research project illustrate that prior parental socialisation into sport shaped current attitudes to legacy and children and mothers and fathers had mixed reactions to the actual presence of legacy. There are also clear sports development challenges around accessibility, cost, project design, the non-family-friendly nature of some schemes present during the potential consumption of legacy that have consequences for future research in this embryonic area. Implications from the study include the need to locate the family as a more central concern for policy makers in sports development practice. The study has questioned the assumed virtuous legacy of the London 2012 Games from the perspective of families on a day-to-day micro-level. Instead, a far more complex and diverse picture from the perspective of the family has been presented that requires further critical research on this little explored topic of policy and practice in sports development. 相似文献
9.
Magnus Ferry 《Sport, Education and Society》2016,21(6):907-923
According to the cultural sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, gaining access to a social space or a position within a social space requires a specific capital. For teachers, this is normally indicated by a valid teaching certificate with relevant subject knowledge. However, when no qualified teachers are available, which is the case for the subject of school sports in Sweden, other assets gain recognition. Drawing on Bourdieu's conceptual framework, this paper examined the conditions for school sports in Sweden, and based on questionnaires answered by 109 teachers, explored the competencies, education and backgrounds teachers in upper secondary school sports possess. The paper address the question: what valuable resources are required to become a teacher of school sports and gain recognition as symbolic capital? The results show that while school sports in Sweden are carried out through a school subject and thus regulated by the government, it is influenced by both the fields of education and sport. Furthermore, the questionnaire results show that a majority of the teachers are employed as coaches instead of teachers and that less than half of them (45%) have a teacher education background, while 95% have a coaching education background. However, the results also show that teachers assessed their competencies for teaching school sports as high, especially with regard to competencies in specific sport skills. In conclusion, this paper shows how coaching education and experience in competitive sports are an important resource required to become a teacher in school sports and is thus recognized as symbolic capital. Therefore, school sports cannot be viewed as a legitimate part of the field of education but can be viewed as a part of the field of sport. 相似文献
10.
庞大资本的介入加速了互联网体育媒体的产业化发展,却也暴露出媒体自身在运营管理和盈利能力方面的短板。主要运用文献资料法和案例分析法,针对互联网体育媒体的资本运作难题,创新性地提出产业联动的概念和基本路径。研究认为：现阶段,单一体育媒体难以形成寡头垄断,体育公司涉足媒体行业的条件尚不成熟,互联网体育媒体之间需要通过产业联动的方式,解决普遍存在的资本运作问题;互联网体育媒体的渠道优势明显、市场空间充沛,在实现政府宏观规制的基础上,能够形成有效的产业联动。最后,基于媒体体育理论的研究框架,梳理互联网体育媒体在赛事版权、品牌定位、人才流通、内容生产、投资和融资等层面的联动路径,对未来互联网体育媒体的发展起到引导性作用。 相似文献
11.
The article analyses relations between changing notions of sports and social stratification in sport activities. Current empirical research indicates an increased participation of formerly underrepresented groups, especially women and older people. However, the results of a study show that this is not the case in the traditional contest-orientated model of sports which is still structured by typical differences of age and gender. Furthermore, the traditional notion of sports as a contest is especially pronounced in the less active, lower social strata. A polarity between a rather open “sport for all” and a partly exclusive, traditional, contest-orientated model of sports becomes apparent. As a consequence, research on social stratification in sports should focus on qualitative differences in sports activity. 相似文献
12.
以"锻炼行为分阶段转变模型"、"经济资本"、"文化资本"、"社会资本"等理论为基础,选取福建省七城市家庭为调查对象,通过对不同家庭环境资本构成特征的调查研究,考察青少年锻炼行为阶段转变的多维家庭影响因素。结果表明:(1)我省大约21.72%城市青少年处于锻炼行为前意向阶段,仅大约13.53%城市青少年处于锻炼行为保持阶段;(2)青少年锻炼行为处于不同阶段的家庭经济资本不具有显著性差异,而文化资本、社会资本和家长的体育意识具有显著性差异;(3)家长的体育意识和家庭文化资本是影响青少年锻炼行为阶段转变的关键因素。 相似文献
13.
在信息化与全球化时代,体育赛事经营的规模和数量不断增加,媒体作用及媒体对其的影响力也日渐提升。本文将体育传媒产业资本的运营置于社会发展体系之中,通过对体育传媒产业资本运营的解读,分析我国体育传媒产业资本运营的现状,从体育传媒产业资本运营的驱动力着手,构建我国体育传媒产业资本运营机制体系,以期促进我国体育事业及传媒事业的发展。 相似文献
14.
以忻州师范学院体育教育专业的支教生为研究对象,采用访谈法、问卷调查法、数理统计等方法对支教全过程进行调查。结果显示：偏远农村教师流失较为严重,多数体教专业支教生要兼代多门其它课程,与所学专业不对口;不少学校几乎没有体育器材及体育场地,体育课教学内容较为随意;生活条件差和安全问题是支教生认为最突出的问题;通过支教,多数学生在教育教学经验及综合能力等方面都有较大收获,并树立了为农村基础教育服务的理念。最后,从进一步提升体教专业学生培养规格、加强支教生思想政治及安全教育、提高支教生教学及社会实践能力等方面提出了一些相应的建议。 相似文献
15.
体育与社会资本研究述评 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
社会资本是社会经济活动中重要角色和重要变量,也是社会学、经济学和管理学领域研究的重点。受社会学、经济学和管理学社会资本研究的影响,近10年来,体育与社会资本的研究也逐渐为体育学界所关注。从研究的分类来看,国外学者对体育与社会资本的研究归纳起来主要有3个方面:体育组织、团体与社会资本之间的关系研究,体育参与与社会资本生成研究,体育参与对社会资本的负面影响研究;国内学者对体育与社会资本的研究类型有:社会资本在体育领域中的影响研究、体育作为重要变量对社会资本形成的影响研究。从研究的范式来看,体育领域所做的体育与社会资本的研究属于基于观察访谈获得事实性材料的经验性研究。从研究的问题域来看,体育与社会资本在研究上还有不少盲点,有很多值得深入研究的问题。 相似文献
16.
通过对我国申办冬奥会、冬奥会志愿服务和冬季体育志愿服务之间的关系进行深入分析,阐述了申办冬奥会志愿服务具有的社会价值、文化价值、教育价值和经济价值,对在申办冬奥会过程中完善冬季体育志愿服务体系,做出培育冬季体育志愿者的社会资本,形成冬季体育志愿服务的持久化、常态化,建设专业化、制度化的冬季体育志愿服务队伍等一系列前瞻性思考,以期推动冬季体育运动在我国有一个新的更大的发展,成功申办和举办冬奥会. 相似文献
17.
近年来上海全球体育城市排名位次持续下降，这与卓越全球城市建设的愿景存在偏差。体育赛事作为体育城市发展的催化剂，在很大程度上会影响到国际机构对全球著名体育城市量化评估的基本看法。目前学者们没有给出“赛事之都”的确切定义，对体育赛事之都建设的广度和深度了解不够。在城市发展中，体育赛事往往被当作一个孤立的要素存在，缺乏与城市发展的融合。围绕城市发展战略，将赛事之都建设纳入上海全球著名体育城市建设之中，对“赛事之都”定位进行分析。调查发现：上海在建设世界一流国际体育赛事之都广度与深度方面取得了一定的成效，但存在赛事亲民化不足，由赛事推动的城市设施规划的大众利用转化率较低，缺乏国际话语权等问题。提出：上海在建设世界一流国际体育赛事之都过程中应进一步丰富赛事种类与级别，加快引进或成立体育赛事发展的专业性机构，提升依托赛事建设的体育设施社会服务效率。 相似文献
18.
Recent research has recognized sports coaching as complex, chaotic and cognitively taxing for coaches. Against this backdrop, the present paper explores challenges faced by high-level coaches working with disabled performers. Specifically, it seeks to understand how coaches create mental models of performance in adventure sports and para-canoe. Five coaches were purposively sampled and underwent a semi-structured interview. A thematic analysis revealed conceptualizing the mental model as being mechanically related for all and as including a social construction within the para-canoe coaches. Reflection on the coaching process and on personal characteristics were perceived as important to individualized inclusive coaching. Coach training should particularly emphasize the need for critical judgement and decision-making skills within a similarly oriented social structure of coaches and support staff where applicable. 相似文献
19.
Growing pressure on parents to equip their children with the skills required for future success, coupled with an increased focus on providing quality learning experiences in the early years, has contributed to an upsurge in the enrolment of young children in formal (often privatised) activities. Moreover, in response to growing societal concerns over the perceived risks of obesity and sedentary lifestyles, parents are often acutely aware of the importance of providing plentiful physical activity opportunities for their children within this enrichment context. In this paper, the tendency for parents to provide copious developmental opportunities is referred to as ‘intensive mothering’ and is explored through the theoretical lens of Bourdieu, specifically his concepts of habitus and capital. This paper reports on a small-scale study undertaken within the UK, which sought to explore the impact of social class on access to early years' provision as well as parental attitudes towards physical activity and the provision of preschool physical development opportunities. Data were generated through a questionnaire (disseminated via early years settings) as well as three in-depth interviews with ‘middle-class’ parents and were analysed to draw out key themes relating to the cultivation and consolidation of (physical) capital. The data indicate that many parents perceive a ‘responsibility’ to aid their children's physical development and demonstrate a willingness to facilitate the acquisition of physical capital via the provision of play equipment, privatised classes and additional (informal) physical activity opportunities. Moreover, they suggest that ‘middle-class’ parents, in particular, articulate the need to invest heavily in enrichment activities, influenced by their own experiences, tastes and values. It is argued that ‘intensive mothering’ is illustrative of the reproduction of a class-based habitus and can be perceived as an attempt to maintain or improve social position through the cultivation, consolidation and, ultimately, conversion, of appropriate capital. 相似文献
20.
职业体育人力资本所有权性质、特点与政策建议 总被引：18，自引：1，他引：17
运用新制度经济学理论对职业体育人力资本的所有权性质和特点进行了分析，认为不论何种形式的交易，都改变不了职业体育人力资本所有权的私有性。职业体育人力资本资产专用性程度高，它的使用存在严格的时间规定性，具有自发积累、追求升值和价值贬损的两面性，据此提出了相应的政策性建议。 相似文献