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1.
In this paper the tensile properties of both ordered and disordered Ni-24Fe and Ni-24Fe-0.03%B （wt%） alloys in gaseous hydrogen was investigated. The result shows that the ductility of the disordered Ni3Fe is significantly larger than that of ordered material in gaseous hydrogen. However, the ductility of ordered Ni3Fe doped with 0.03%B is nearly the same as that of disordered one indicating the obvious suppressing effect of boron on the H2-induced embrittlement. Based on the segregation behavior of boron in Ni3A1, it is proposed that the suppressing effect of boron in Ni3Fe on the H2-induced embrittlement is attributed to the segregation of boron on grain boundaries, thereby reducing the hydrogen diffusivity along the grain boundaries. 相似文献
2.
The mechanism involving the effect of disorder/order transformation on the environmental embrittlement in gaseous H2 is summarized. It is shown that there is no hydrogen embrittlement in disordered state of Kurnakov type intermetallics in gaseous H2. However, the H2-induced environmental embrittlement for the ordered alloy having identical chemical composition becomes severer as the degree of the order increases. The results of testing on the ion gage turned on and off during tensile testing show that the more sensitive to H2-induced hydrogen embrittlement for ordered alloy than disordered one is attributed to the fact that atomic ordering may accelerate the kinetics of the catalytic reaction to produce more atomic hydrogen. The results on simultaneous hydrogen charging show that disordered alloys embrittled as hydrogen atoms are forced into the material implying that the embrittlement of ordered alloy in gaseous H2 is also due to the acceleration of the kinetics of catalytic reaction. The above suggestion was further verified by the adsorption tests of Ni3Fe intermetallics powder. It is shown that the amount of chemically adsorbed hydrogen in ordered state is significantly larger than that adsorbed by the disordered alloy, indicating that the more sensitive to H2-induced embrittlement in the ordered state of alloy is essentially due to the accelerated catalytic reaction. 相似文献
3.
The extractive reaction process of oxygen-working solution-water three-phase system for the production of hydrogen peroxide by the anthraquinone method was investigated in a sieve plate column of 50 mm in internal diameter. The oxidation reaction of anthrahydroquinone in the working solution with oxygen and the extraction of hydrogen peroxide from the working solution into aqueous phase occurred simultaneously in the countercurrent mode. The agitating effect caused by gaseous phase made the droplets of the dispersed phase become smaller, thus, increasing the liquid-liquid interfacial contact areas and resulting in the improvement of the mass transfer velocity. Results showed that the gas-agitation had a beneficial effect on the extraction of hydrogen peroxide from the working solution into the aqueous phase： the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the raffinate decreased with the increase of the gaseous superficial velocities： and the concentration of H2O2 in the raffinate increased with the increase of the dispersed phase superficial velocity at the same superficial velocity of the gaseous phase. In the G-L-L extractive reaction process, with the increase of the gaseous superficial velocities, both the conversion of the anthrahydroquinone oxidation and the extraction efficiency of hydrogen peroxide first increased significantly, then increased gradually. 相似文献
4.
Supersaturated solid solutions Fe1-xCx （0≤x≤0.9 ） of wide composition range have been prepared by mechanical alloying process. Nanocrystalline phase was formed for 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.67 and a large grain phase for 0.75 ≤ x ≤ 0.9. The large fraction of graphite volume puts off formation of nanocrystalline phase for high carbon content. In the large grain phase, magnetization follows simple magnetic dilution, and eoereivity He is mainly due to dissolution of carbon at grain boundaries. In the nanocrystalline phase the alloying effect of carbon is revealed by a distinct reduction of average magnetic moment. The increasing lattice constant with increasing carbon content is observed for x ≤ 0.5, suggesting that the high carbon concentration may enhance diffusion of carbon into the Fe lattice. It shows a discontinuity in the Hc variation with a grain size D of nanocrystalline phase. For small grain D below the critical value, Hc increases with D. For a large grain D, Hc decreases with increasing D. The solubility limit of carbon in a-Fe extended by nanocry- stalline phase formation is discussed. 相似文献
5.
Studies of synergetic irradiation effects and liquid lead-bismuth eutectic （LBE） corrosion/embrittlement effects on ferritic/martensitic （F/M） steels are of great importance for developing high power spallation neutron targets （〉1 MW） such as the European Spallation Source （ESS） and Accelerator Driven System （ADS） facilities that can be used for transmuting long-lifetime radioactive wastes. Liquid LBE （45Pb-55Bi, in terms of mass fraction） has been selected as the candidate target material in high power spallation neutron targets due to its favourable thermal, physical ＆ chemical properties, and to its high spallation neutron yield. 9Cr F/M steels such as T91 （9CrlMoVNb, in terms of mass fraction） have been chosen as the structural material for the targets due to their good mechanical properties and good resistance to irradiation induced swelling in fission neutron irradiation environments. For developing high power spallation neutron targets, behaviors of F/M steels in spallation neutron target irradiation environments and LBE corrosion/embrittlement effects have been extensively studied. However, many open questions have not been answered. The aim of this paper is to describe the present research situation on this topic. The obtained experimental data about LBE embrittlement effects on F/M steels is summarized and the influence of different parameters involved is analyzed to understand the influence effect on LBE embrittlement effect of F/M s. 相似文献
6.
The crystal structure and morphology of syndiotactic polystryene(sPS)melt-crystallized in various electrostatic fields have been investigated by using wide angle X-ray diffraction(WAXD),differential scanning calorimeter(DSC) and scanning electron microscope(SEM).WAXD and DSC analyses show that SPS is gradually transformed from a phase to β phase with increase of electrostatic intensity.The SEM observations indicate that the morphology of sPS micro-crystals is strongly dependent on electrostatic intensity applied to the sample during solidification.The variation of the micro-crystals orientation from disordered lamellae to ordered lamellare have been observed with increase of electrostatic intensity. 相似文献
7.
Effect of the content of dopants in the manganese-zinc ferrites on the low power loss is studied by measuring magnetic properties and observing the grain boundary structures. The Mn0.738Zn0.206Fe2.066O4 composition powders were prepared by using conventional ceramic powder processing technique. The microstructure of grain boundary was observed by scanning electron microscope （SEM）. It has been found that power loss is greatly dependent upon the content of the additives. 相似文献
8.
WANG Xiu-li TU Jiang-ping ZHANG Pei-long ZHAO Xin-bing 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2007,8(9):1510-1513
Mg-25 wt% Mg2Ni composite was prepared by sintered method,hydrided at 613 K and then ball-milled with 1.5 wt% PdCl2 additive for 51 h. The effects of PdCl2 on the hydriding and dehydriding behavior of Mg-25 wt% Mg2Ni composite were investigated. The absorption and desorption rate of the composite with PdCl2 is fast and the hydrogen storage capacity is more than that of the composite without PdCl2. The maximum hydrogen storage capacity reached 3.48 wt% at 373 K,and 5.05 wt% H at 453 K,respectively. The improvement of sorption and desorption kinetics is attributed to the catalytic effect of PdCl2,and the grain refining and lattice strain introduced by ball milling. 相似文献
9.
The stability and ductility of four buckling-restrained braces （BRBs） with brace joints were studied. The load-carrying element of BRB was fabricated with steel （Chinese Q235）, and a layer of colloidal silica sheet （0.5 mm in thickness） or four layers of plastic film （0.2 mm in thickness） were used as unbonding materials to provide space to prevent the buckling of inner core in higher modes and facilitate its lateral expansion in case of compression. Based on the equation of BRBs with brace joints of different restrained stiffnesses, the buckling load is calculated considering the initial geometric imperfections and residual stress, and the theoretical values agree well with the experiment re- sults. It is concluded that the buckling load and ductility of BRBs are influenced greatly by the restrained stiffness of brace joints. If the restrained stiffness is deficient, the unstrained segment of BRBs with less stiffness will buckle firstly. As a result, the ultimate load of BRBs decreases, and the maximum compression load is reduced to about 65% of the maximum tension load; the stiffness also degenerates, and there is a long decreasing stage on the back-bone curve in compression phase; the ductility decreases, i.e., the ultimate tension ductility and ultimate compression ductil- ity are approximately 15 and 1.3 respectively, and the cumulative plastic ductility is only approximately 200. If the restrained stiffness of joint is large enough, the stability will be improved as follows： the yielding strength and ultimate strength of BRBs are nearly the same, and there is an obvious strain intensification in both tension and compression phases; the ductility of brace also increases obviously, i.e., the ultimate tension ductility and ultimate compression ductility are both approximately 14, and the cumulative plastic ductility reaches 782. 相似文献
10.
An array of rigid piles used as a screening barrier for plane shear （S） waves is investigated in a homogeneous unbounded space. The dynamic poroelastic theory of Biot is employed, under the assumption of an incompressible solid grain. Using Fourier-Bessel series, the problem of multiple scattering is solved by imposing continuity conditions and equilibrium conditions at the soil-pile interfaces with the translational addition theorem. A parametric analysis is conducted to investigate the influence of the permeability of poroelastic soil, separation between piles, number of piles and frequency of incident waves on screening effectiveness of the barrier, and the results are compared with those in an elastic soil medium. Computed results show that the intrinsic permeability of the soil medium displays an apparent effect on the screening of plane S waves. 相似文献
11.
1IntroductionNickel-based alloys containing 20 -30 wt % Mo isknown to be essential for corrosion resistance in re-ducing media[1],especially for resistance to HCl at alltemperatures and concentrations[2]. However , uponexposure to elevated temperatures in the range of600 -800 ℃,these alloys suffer an al most completeloss of roomtemperature ductility as a result of long-range ordering (LRO) to Ni4Mo .It is considered thatthe loss of ductility mainly results from the environ-mental embrittle… 相似文献
12.
In this paper the effect of alloying elements on the environmental embrittlement of Ll2 type intermetallics is summarized. The results show that the ductilizing effect of boron doping in Ni3Al is mainly to suppress the moisture-induced environmental embrittlement. The mechanism of this suppression effect is proved
to be related to its severely reducing the hydrogen diffusivity along the grain boundaries. However, the boron doping in Co3Ti alloys does not have the same effect of suppressing the environmental embrittlement. The different behavior of boron doping
in Ni3Al and Co3Ti may be attributed to its different segregation behavior on the grain boundaries. Boron in Co3Ti does not segregate on the grain boundaries and can not effectively reduce the hydrogen diffusivity along the grain boundaries.
The moisture-induced environmental embrittlement of Co3Ti alloy can be completely suppressed by the addition of Fe. It is proved by Auger that this suppression effect is due to
its obvious reduction of the kinetics of the surface reaction with water vapor.
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.59895157,59081415,59371002,59771007) 相似文献
13.
The fracture behavior of disordered and ordered Ni4Mo alloy was investigated by tensile tests in hydrogen gas or during hydrogen charging. The results show that the ductility of the disordered alloy decreased slightly with the hydrogen pressure increasing, while that of the ordered alloy decreased rapidly with the hydrogen pressure increasing. However, the ductility of both disordered and ordered alloys reduced similarly seriously with the charging current density increasing. Therefore, the mechanism of order-induced embrittlement of Ni4 Mo alloy in hydrogen gas is supposed to be that atomic order accelerates the kinetics of the catalytic reaction for the dissociation of molecular H2 into atomic H. 相似文献
14.
本文通过测量Co3Ti、 Ni3Al、 Fe3Al、 TiAl四种金属间化合物在氧气、氢气中在2×10-4/s形变速率下的拉伸性能，研究了
其在氢气中的室温环境脆性.研究结果表明，上述四利金属间化合物在H2中的脆化程度(用氢脆因子
IH2=[(δo2一δH2)/δo2]×100％表示)是不同的，其大小依次为Co3Ti＞Ni3 Al＞Fe3Al＞TiAl.其脆化程度的差异用金属间化合物中
基体金属对氢气的催化裂解作用的强弱进行了很好的解释. 相似文献
15.
1 Ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ ＩｒｏｎａｌｕｍｉｎｉｄｅｓｂａｓｅｄｏｎＦｅ3 Ａｌｈａｖｅｍａｎｙａｄｖａｎｔａｇｅｓｆｏｒｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌｕｓｅｓａｔｅｌｅｖａｔｅｄｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｂｅｃａｕｓｅｏｆｔｈｅｉｒｅｘｃｅｌｌｅｎｔｃｏｒｒｏｓｉｏｎｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅａｎｄｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅｌｙｌｏｗｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｃｏｓｔ.Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,ｔｈｅｓｅａｌｌｏｙｓｈａｖｅｎｏｔｙｅｔｆｏｕｎｄｗｉｄｅｓｐｒｅａｄｕｓｅｂｅｃａｕｓｅｔｈｅｙｅｘｈｉｂｉｔｐｏｏｒｄｕｃｔｉｌｉｔｙａｎｄｂｒ… 相似文献
16.
The Mg-based hydrogen storage alloys Mg2Ni, Mg2Ni0.7Fe0.3 and Mgl.7Alo.3Ni were successfully synthesized by a two-step process （sintering and ball milling）. The crystal structure and microstructure were examined by X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscope and Malvern particle size analyzer. New phase appears in the tripe alloys doped with A1 and Fe, and the particle size ranges from 3μm to 5 μm. The electrochemical performance studies indicate that the partial substitution of AI for Mg, and Fe for Ni significantly improve the cycle life, reversibility of hydrogen absorption and desorption. The diffusion process is the control step in the electrode reaction of hydrogen storage alloys. 相似文献
17.
文章用密度泛涵理论(DFT)和广义梯度近似(GGA)研究了铁、钴和镍在纤锌矿结构氮化硼(w-BN)(001)B面上排列的纳米线的电子结构和磁性,计算了原子的磁矩和态密度,发现在w-BN(001)的B面上的铁和钴纳米线具有高自旋极化的特性,并与孤立的铁、钴和镍原子线的电子结构进行了比较研究,这种高自旋极化材料在微电子器件中可以用作自旋过滤器. 相似文献