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1.
The ICCROM Forum 2013 on Conservation Science resulted in a series of recommendations for improving the relevance and impact of science within cultural heritage conservation. These recommendations are outlined in this paper. Central to the Forum recommendations is the responsibility of conservation science to provide benefit through research and innovation. This relies on shared strategic vision and good governance, to identify priority needs and align efforts accordingly. To enhance the effectiveness of conservation science research, it is imperative to adopt an approach based on needs assessment, collaboration, and sharing. However, to establish whether desired goals are being met, systematic assessment of what is delivered and how it is used is required. Evaluation tools provide a structured way to identify needs and to measure results, offering a basis for learning and improvement. A new initiative is outlined, launched by ICCROM in follow-up to the Forum, to develop a common framework for needs and outcome assessment for heritage conservation science. To achieve this will require participation and support at multiple levels, and collaboration is called for to continue and sustain this effort. 相似文献
2.
Agnes W. Brokerhof 《文物保护研究》2015,60(6):7-13
This paper reports the conclusions and recommendations of the working group that synthesized the discussions on ‘How can science connect with and be of greater benefit to conservation practice?’ during the ICCROM Forum on Conservation Science. The author reflects on these findings from her own perspective and experiences, and places them in the context of two major shifts in heritage research: the first, a shift in focus from conserving materials to managing meaning. The second, a shift in organizational structures from single, centrally funded heritage institutions towards diffuse networks which include new players who have no direct responsibility towards heritage. Both shifts are taking place in an environment of decreased funding and increased accountability to society. Science and conservation connect and contribute to each other most effectively if they together contribute to the societal benefits of heritage. In this regard, heritage science strategies can stimulate collaboration, and direct science and conservation towards innovative, applicable outcomes. Moreover, they can promote a transdisciplinary approach which connects social, economic and business sciences and stakeholders. They should also ensure the creation of sustainable nodes for consolidating knowledge within these dynamic networks. 相似文献
3.
Marie-Claude Corbeil 《文物保护研究》2015,60(6):32-38
Key messages to conservation institutions were drafted during the ICCROM Forum 2013 on Conservation Science so they could, in turn, influence the profession. The first message is a general statement of the fact that conservation science is an essential part of conservation. The other messages provide guidance to conservation institutions so that they can achieve maximum impact. Conservation institutions should engage in research and development that anticipate issues, provide sustainable solutions and guidelines, and are conducted in a transdisciplinary way; share resources and expertise to be more efficient, increase access and reduce inequalities; and assume a leadership role, promote conservation, and ensure knowledge is made available. The key messages, five altogether, are reproduced in their entirety in this article, which provides further elaboration and development of each message as well as avenues for making positive changes in strategic areas. 相似文献
4.
公共图书馆在非物质文化遗产保护过程中担任着开发和传承的角色。论文对国内55个大陆省级及省会城市公共图书馆的非物质文化遗产资源开发状况进行了网络调查,发现公共图书馆对非物质文化遗产资源建设的不足,提出图书馆应该增强非遗资源开发利用意识、注重非遗资源数据库建设、建立适当的合作机制、注重知识产权保护。 相似文献
5.
Sujeong Lee 《文物保护研究》2015,60(6):48-56
This paper draws upon the deliberations and outcomes of a discussion group at the ICCROM Forum 2013 on Conservation Science which focussed on the role of policy-makers within conservation science as important agents who can determine the future of this field, and how to strengthen the relationship between heritage professionals and policy-makers. In developing recommendations, five key areas were considered: identifying policy-makers; the actors involved in drafting and deciding a policy; what policy-makers require from conservation scientists; what conservation scientists require from policy-makers; and the ways to develop common interest between conservation scientists and policy-makers for efficient policy-making. This report summarizes the findings from each area concluding with two parts: key messages to policy-makers; and recommendations to conservation scientists to ensure that the key messages are included in policy-making. 相似文献
6.
少数民族文化是华夏文明的重要组成部分,因此图书馆应重视少数民族文化建设。省级公共图书馆应结合本地区少数民族的状况,保存少数民族文化遗产,加强少数民族文化传播,加快少数民族人才的培养步伐,加强与市县级图书馆、高校图书馆和相关科研单位的合作,重视地方文献工作,结合非物质文化遗产保护工作开展少数民族文献资源建设。在开展民族文献资源建设和文化传播的过程中,图书馆应尊重宗教信仰和民族习惯,突出民族特色、地域特色、语种特色、学科特色,保护文化遗产并正确认识其原生态和变异性。 相似文献
7.
This study describes the analysis of paint samples from carvings belonging to Hinemihi, the Maori meeting house, Clandon Park, Surrey, UK. The assessment of physical evidence contained within Hinemihi's built fabric (along with historiographic research of archival sources and oral histories) has formed a key part of the information gathering process during the current conservation project. The production of such data provides an opportunity for a dialogue that is essential for effective decision-making within participatory conservation projects. From this, it is evident that the use of paint analysis, in deciding the eventual painted scheme for a restored Hinemihi, is settled within a broader dialogue about the conception, use, and management of Hinemihi as a Maori cultural centre, as built heritage, and as an object of conservation. Therefore, the value of material analysis is considered in relation to the potential that this information has to engage a community of users in designing an effective conservation response that seeks to balance the opportunities and constraints of the cultural and physical landscapes that surround Hinemihi and Clandon Park. 相似文献
8.
Gunilla Lagnesjö 《文物保护研究》2015,60(6):14-19
During the ICCROM Forum on Conservation Science in 2013, one of the main themes discussed was the ability for conservation science to contribute to global societal priorities. Today's world is in many ways globalized. Human actions have an impact at local as well as global level. Information travels fast, more or less in real time. To set up a framework for international interactions and cooperation, the majority of the recognized nations have joined the United Nations and signed the Universal Declaration on Human Rights. Global societal priorities are various and wide-ranging. This paper deals primarily with those that are referred to under the UN Millennium Development Goals and the term Sustainable Development. The first aims to fight extreme poverty, raise education levels, achieve gender equality, combat diseases, etc. The second deals with the interconnecting systems of social, economic, and environmental sustainability. A core aspect in the discussion is that culture and cultural heritage is integrated in all human activities, yet is diverse because culture holds various values, meanings, and functions for different groups in society. Cultural heritage is a powerful tool to reach and interact with people. It can be used for good and for ill. For conservation science as a discipline to take its professional responsibility seriously, it should contribute to the multi-, inter-, and transdisciplinary environment of conservation, and enhance its benefits for society. Through advanced research it can provide historical perspectives and raise awareness of traditional methods, transforming it into ‘easily accessible’ knowledge. It can also contribute by providing facts and information that can open up different narratives based on the same cultural historical realia. Examples of how that can be done are given under the headings: social, economic, and environmental sustainability. Finally, addressing the global conservation community, the following three areas are recommended for future development: the need for process managers and facilitators; the need for active participation in the global sustainability challenges, and the need for inspirational role models and case studies. 相似文献
9.
A survey of museums in the United States sought to identify evidence of broad impact on the organisational culture and practices of museums in their relatioships with indiginous peoples as a result of the passage of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act 1990 (NAGPRA). NAGPRA establishes a process for the repatriation of human remains and other specified items held in museum collections to Native Americans who can prove they are lineal descendants or members of tribes which are culturally affiliated with identified items covered by the legislation. Effective repatriation programs are characterised by: * a genuine belief in the primary rights of indigenous people in the management of their cultural material presently held in museum collections; * a commitment to greater collaboration between the museum and indigenous people in the management of scientific research and public programs pertaining to items of indigenous cultural heritage; * practices which are indicative of an organisational culture which acts in ways which go beyond the minimum requirements of the legislation. Our research shows that museums are engaging in consultation with indigenous people in the management of collections of indigenous cultural heritage, and that this engagement is influencing conservation strategies. Museums espouse goals which promote external consultation, the involvement of indigenous people in their activities, respect for the cultural goals of indigenous people and a commitment to increasing public awareness of indigenous cultural heritage and social issues. However, only in the areas where NAGPRA has mandated it should happen—collections of human remains and secret/sacred material—is there evidence of communication and consultation, commitment of resources and sharing of authority with indigenous people consistent with the outcomes intended under NAGPRA. 相似文献
10.
论图书馆保护非物质文化遗产的职能 总被引：35，自引：1，他引：35
图书馆应确立保护非物质文化遗产的职能,并通过多种措施来参与这种文化遗产的保护工作,如宣传、发展文献保存与服务体系,提供活动场所与组织服务,参与研究与调查工作,等等。 相似文献
11.
Abstract Most zoo visitors are primarily motivated by the joys of watching animals, which may preclude attention to major ecological issues that are the focus of research in biodiversity, habitats, and other matters pertaining to the survival of wild animals. The Wildlife Conservation Society exhibition Congo Gorilla Forest is a popular animal‐watching experience, but it also communicates considerable educational content, stimulating visitors' interest in and awareness of ecological relationships. This article reviews the phases of an evaluation process that assisted WCS staff in making decisions about exhibition design and interpretation; it discusses measurement challenges in assessing outcomes; and it uses key findings from the evaluation process to define and explain the interpretive success of the project. Success for this conservation exhibition is described in terms of achieving three educational goals while recognizing the diversity among audiences. The exhibition's effectiveness is attributed to understanding visitors' expectations and interests, creating an array of exhibit formats to engage people, and communicating conservation messages visually and experientially. 相似文献
12.
Public visual spaces, populated by a blend of community murals, unauthorised street art, and historic painted mercantile signs, are often the mark of an urban environment that is both progressive and eclectic. Changes in the aesthetic and cultural value of these urban mural forms have led to an increase in the appreciation and, in some instances, promotion of their artistic merit and cultural significance as examples of public art. However, examining the significance of these works, with a view to implementing a conservation approach is problematic. This is due to a number of practical and theoretical considerations that are primarily a result of the ephemeral existence of urban murals outside conventional exhibition spaces, and issues associated with their often fragmented ownership and uncertain authorship. Consequently, larger thinking on the interpretation, conservation assessment, and advocacy for the conservation of urban murals are required. Key to defining and implementing such strategies is contextualising the public visual spaces that these murals occupy and, as part of this, the local and wider communities’ perception of these murals as culturally significant objects as well as fostering awareness and understanding of appropriate measures aimed at their conservation. This paper examines the role of citizen science, or crowd-sourcing, of local community members in establishing a conservation dialogue and generating conservation- relevant data on urban murals. It looks specifically at a project involving a collection of in situ historic painted mercantile signs — also known as ghost signs — in the City of Port Phillip, Melbourne, Australia. The project fostered the establishment of an informed and open dialogue between conservation specialists and participants from the local community on the significance of local ghost signs whilst transferring knowledge on conservation processes and assessment methods. Working directly with community members, a programme was designed in which conservation and community knowledge of these urban art forms, could be collected and exchanged across digital platforms. This enabled researchers to examine how citizen science can be utilised as a research tool as well as a means to advocate for the conservation of collections of urban murals. It created the opportunity to consider the role of non-specialists and shared authorities in the collection and collation of conservation- relevant data and how information generated from what we call citizen conservation projects, can inform the way in which conservators evaluate and prioritize the conservation of urban cultural heritage. The data gathered and interpreted proved to be the most effective means of ‘conserving’ these often ephemeral forms of cultural material. 相似文献
13.
An analysis of the impact of stakeholder consultation during the conservation decision-making processes is presented. Defining and finding opportunities for stakeholder communication within conservation work is an ethical necessity when working with cultural heritage, but the limits and practice of this necessity are less clear. Case studies are used to explore which aspects of the conservation process stakeholders are most likely to be consulted about, and reviews the impact of their views. It asks whether conservators have a preference in which decisions they are prepared to share with stakeholders across three aspects of conservation: the initial appraisal, treatment and the display or storage. Where consultation relates to treatment, conservators are more likely to fall back on their own technical authority except when those consulted are regarded as fellow professionals. Other categories of stakeholder such as artists, originating communities, and religious groups were found to be more constructively consulted on the understanding of the object and on care related to display and storage. Conservators should be offered more explicit guidance on the ethics of consultation, the aspects of consultation that they should engage with and on the ethical ways to deal with conflict arising from consultation. 相似文献
14.
Sanchita Balachandran 《文物保护研究》2019,64(1):24-41
The tenure of archaeological chemist Dr. S. Paramasivan (1903–1987) at the Chemical Conservation Laboratory of the Madras Government Museum, India, sheds light on the development of the field of conservation science outside the scholarly centers of Europe and North America. Between 1930 and 1946, Paramasivan defined and broadened the role of a scientist responsible for the care and study of cultural heritage. From building and equipping his own laboratories to serve the museum's many departments, to collaborating with scientists, commercial metallurgists, and even religious practitioners across south India, Paramasivan's work is marked by a sense that the conservation scientist could and should practice beyond a laboratory's typical confines. In fact, working in this way created opportunities not only to physically transform ancient objects through conservation interventions, but also transform the understanding of ancient objects. In tracing his correspondence with Rutherford J. Gettens at the Fogg Art Museum, this paper provides insight into the complexity of defining the work of the conservation scientist even at one of the intellectual centers of the nascent field. Reflecting on Paramasivan's early career provides perspective on enduring challenges in conservation, and offers a way forward for a more expansive, collaborative, and community-engaged practice. 相似文献
15.
我国非物质文化遗产是中华民族几千年文明的重要组成部分,保护和宣传非物质文化遗产,是历史赋予我们的责任。作为具有宣传先进文化,开展社会教育和保存人类文化遗产职能的公共图书馆,对宣传和保护非物质文化遗产有着非常重要的作用。 相似文献
16.
唐罡 《自然科学博物馆研究》2022,(1):80-86
流动科普是补齐基层科普短板、促进科普公平普惠的重要形式和手段,经过多年运行发挥了重要作用,取得了良好效果。随着时代发展,传统的以基础科学为主的资源内容已难以满足基层公众的实际需求,资源建设存在一定的问题。《现代科技馆体系发展“十四五”规划(2021—2025)》强调要深化科普资源供给侧改革,创新科普内容、形式和手段,建立流动科普资源库,满足不同地区、不同人群的多样化需求。中国科技馆提前布局流动科普资源主题化、模块化开发,已初步形成流动科普资源库,并进行了实践,积累了经验,为下一步做好精准化服务打下了坚实的基础。 相似文献
17.
文章自苏州独具的历史文化及其所蕴含的人文精神破题,重新发现苏州图书馆的立馆之本和学术追求,再引出“苏州学”的研究与传播、在地文化遗产的保存、梳理和活化、沪苏公共文化服务“双城记”和总分馆服务体系再提升等四个维度,将苏州图书馆未来五年的发展放置于江南文化大时代中研究,抽丝剥茧般建构起城市智库、传承文脉、沪苏同城、市域一体等新时代苏州图书馆高质量发展的新增长点。 相似文献
18.
[目的/意义] 非物质文化遗产是一种特殊的活态文化资源,但当前非物质文化遗产信息十分琐碎,缺少直观且全面的展现,通过结构化、可视化的研究获取非物质文化遗产深层信息,对其传承与保护具有重要意义。[方法/过程] 提出一种基于关键事件技术的非物质文化遗产信息可视化方案,并以两岸同源"歌仔戏"为例,通过关键事件技术对信息进行结构化的组织以及可视化的展示。[结果/结论] 直观地展示歌仔戏动态演化的过程,并提炼出对其发展有所影响的一些因素,为其将来发展以及其他非物质文化遗产项目的发展提供借鉴,同时,因其为两岸同源非物质文化遗产,在两岸文化的交流与融合方面具有重要研究价值。所提出的对非物质文化遗产信息进行可视化的方案在文化传播上也具有可延展性,具有重要的理论意义与现实意义。 相似文献
19.
ABSTRACTCultural heritage is wonderfully diverse and as heritage preservation professionals, it is our duty to address the preventive conservation of all cultural heritages. However, there is no one set of guidelines, practices or rules that can be applied in all situations. A preventive conservator with strong technical and soft skills is essential in this situation. At the Winterthur/University of Delaware Program in Art Conservation (WUDPAC), preventive conservation has been an identifiable part of the curriculum since the early 1980s. From its establishment, the curriculum has evolved to include the teaching of both current day technical skills for the practice of preventive conservation and soft skills in teamwork, leadership, institutional priorities and goals identification, and written and oral communication. These are taught to all students in their first year and those that select the option of a preventive conservation minor in their second year. Recently, it has become clear that it is not possible to teach adequately both the technical and soft skills needed for the practice of preventive conservation within WUDPAC's existing minor area of study. Additional time is needed to study and develop the complex theories, abilities and requisite skills that characterize the preventive conservation specialty. This paper discusses the work to develop a curriculum for a WUDPAC preventive conservation major, the strong mandate to continue to teach both technical and soft skills, and the surprising resistance to the establishment of a preventive conservation major. 相似文献
20.
面向传承和传播的非遗数字资源描述与语义揭示研究综述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的/意义]全面梳理近年来国内外非遗数字化保护的研究重点,进一步拓展其资源描述、语义揭示研究的理论内涵与外延,为促进我国非遗数字化技术发展、文化传承与传播提供新的思路。[方法/过程]借助信息空间理论,对非遗数字化资源描述与语义揭示问题进行全面综述,提出面向传承与传播的非遗数字资源描述与语义揭示多维度研究框架,并阐明现阶段的研究重点及不足之处。[结果/结论]非遗资源的语义描述与知识传播还需要大众广泛参与,这将有助于不同用户学习、交流与创新相关非遗知识,解决非遗知识传播与创新中出现的问题。 相似文献