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1.
正揭示兴奋性自突触(Autapse)作为神经元簇状发放的新机制北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室舒友生团队与三博脑科医院合作,揭示兴奋性自突触(Autapse)作为神经元簇状发放的新机制。研究论文发表于Nature Communications。自突触具有突触传递功能,其形成具有细胞特异性;自突触的激活可增强神经元的反应性,促进簇状发放,并且有利于对重合事件的检测。自突触在调节神经元信号处理方面发挥重  相似文献   

2.
你知道吗?     
下雪时为什么会很安静?下雪时我们会感到周围环境变得更加安静,为什么?在我们生活的环境中总是存在着一定的噪声,噪声也是声音,带有一定的能量,在向周围传播的过程中会被一些媒质吸收,使其强度降低。雪花是一种非常好的消声媒质,可以把环境中的噪声吸收,使其本底降得很低,这样就会使环境静悄悄。雪花不仅可以净化空气,还可以消除有害的嗓音。(中国科学院物理研究所陈佳圭研究员回答)人蒙上眼睛后为何不能走直线?一个人走路通常会看好他(她)走路的方向,利用感官特别是眼睛来固定他(她)行走的目的地。倘若他不能利用他(她)的一双眼睛来指引他(…  相似文献   

3.
公路的建设虽然对经济发展起到了促进作用,但同时也产生了一系列的环境问题。道路交通噪声预测是目前环境、交通、声学等学科比较重视的研究领域,目前国外常用的噪声预测模式有美国的FHWA公路交通噪声预测模式、英国的Co RTN模式、德国的RLS90预测系统、法国的MITHRA模式、瑞士的St L-86模式和日本的ASJ-1993方法等。本文将介绍由环安科技研发的NOISESYSTEM(环安噪声环境影响评价系统)噪声预测软件,并通过实例验证,分析结果并给出相关的防治措施。  相似文献   

4.
华中生  查迎春  张斌 《预测》2007,26(4):59-63,80
现实中的决策大多建立在对数据的预测之上,但研究者通常很少涉及预测的不可靠性问题,而暗含假定预测是可靠的。基于目前预测残差为正态白噪声的预设,提出了预测可靠性的概念,以及预测可靠性的度量方法,同时以需求预测中常见的ARIMA(p,1,q)过程MMSE(最小均方差)预测为背景,分析了可靠性与预测精度的关系,以及模型参数对可靠性的影响,初步讨论了可靠性在预测期决策方面的作用。  相似文献   

5.
针对移动话务量的预测问题,本文建立基于回声状态网络(Echo State Networks,ESN)的移动通信话务量预测模型。为实现精确的移动话务量预测,本文采用由中国移动网管系统检测得到的移动话务量数据作为研究对象,其实验结果表明,该预测方案具有较高的预测精度,满足实际系统的需求。由于ESN模型的储备池中不同神经元类型对模型的预测性能有一定的影响,为此选取双曲正切神经元、线性神经元l、eaky integration神经元进行比较,结果表明了双曲正切神经元相较于其他两种神经元具有更高的非线性逼近能力,较适用于移动话务量的预测问题。  相似文献   

6.
对美国ISI列出的中国期刊名单的探讨   总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3  
美国科学信息研究所(简称ISI)数据库,是当今世界上较权威的检索系统,下设7个重要数据库.几年来,ISI收录的中国期刊统计名单,大多数来源于美国ISI提供的资料,并且以原文或中译文形式在我国报纸、期刊、专著、年度研究报告中刊登;这些名单准确性如何?  相似文献   

7.
本文介绍了ISI编辑发展部关于收录文献源的筛选程序,特别详细地描述了有关ISI Web of Science(包括SCIE、SSCI、A&HCI)的选刊过程。指出 ISI的选择程序包括四个主要方面,即考查期刊出版标准、编辑内容、国际多样性和引文分析,并由此给出了影响因子的定义。此外,还给出了为ISI Proceedings(包括ISTP/ISSHP)筛选会议录和为Current Web Contents 筛选网站内容的程序。文中还介绍了Web of Knowledge平台收录中文期刊和中文网站的一般情况。  相似文献   

8.
参考文献的著录要兼顾对外宣传和国内读者的需要   总被引:7,自引:5,他引:2  
据美国科技信息研究所(ISI)截止1998年9月初的最新统计资料,ISI各检索系列选用的中国源期刊总数为61种,其中台湾省15种.统计资料表明,ISI遴选的中国科技期刊与前一年相比已有显著增加,突出表现在(Science Citation Index)选用的中国源期刊种数已跨出了自1992年以来连年走低的局面(1996年的源期刊数仅为5种),1998年已跃升为11种,我国台湾省SCI源期刊种数为6种,与1996年相比增加了1种.  相似文献   

9.
本文介绍了ISI编辑发展部关于收录文献源的筛选程序,特别详细地描述了有关ISI Web of Science(包括SCIE、SSCI、A&HCI)的选刊过程.指出ISI的选择程序包括四个主要方面,即考查期刊出版标准、编辑内容、国际多样性和引文分析,并由此给出了影响因子的定义.此外,还给出了为ISI Proceedings(包括ISTP/ISSHP)筛选会议录和为Current WebContents筛选网站内容的程序.文中还介绍了Web of Knowledge平台收录中文期刊和中文网站的一般情况.  相似文献   

10.
采用时间序列分析中的自回归移动平均(ARIMA)模型,对矿井涌水量进行预测。以收集到的矿井月度涌水量数据为研究对象,对涌水量时间序列特性进行了分析,结合自相关与偏自相关图及赤池信息准则确定了模型阶数,所建立的模型通过了白噪声检验,并对未来5个月的涌水量进行了预测。结果表明,该模型拟合趋势与实际趋势基本一致,预测结果可以接受,可为矿井安全生产提供指导。  相似文献   

11.
在对镜像神经元系统的解释时,占主流的现象学径路由于与胡塞尔的现象学不相容而遭受质疑。文章尝试以达尔文的情感理论来分析镜像神经元系统,论证镜像神经元可能为解释物理生物学和心智本体论研究之间的本体论空缺提供神经生物学基础。同时,文末还将论证,在亚个体层面镜像神经元为我们提供解释了主体间性的框架。  相似文献   

12.
本文结合数控机床进给系统模型,将具有自学习和自适应能力的神经元模型与PID控制算法相结合,形成神经元自适应PID控制器应用于数控机床进给系统中,可以有效地适应各种工况,减少超调量,具有较好的鲁棒性和抗干扰性及跟踪性能。采用仿真和实验结果表明,该控制器具有一定的理论和实际应用价值。  相似文献   

13.
Santiago Ramón y Cajal published the first of the three volumes of his principal life's work in 1899, and published the last volume in 1904. This book remains the definitive work on the morphology of the vertebrate nervous system. In it, Ramón y Cajal describes the structure and organization of virtually all parts of the nervous system and discusses his theories, including the neuron doctrine and the law of functional polarization, which are the cornerstones of modern neurobiology. A century later, Ramón y Cajal's work is still fundamental to understanding the nervous system.  相似文献   

14.
Numerical integration is the most common and straightforward approach in computational neuroscience for the study of biological neuron models based on ordinary differential equations. For some purposes, numerical simulations are not enough due to the multiple bottlenecks in computer architectures. However, when electronic circuits are used to simulate in real time large arrays of coupled neurons, the simulations are much faster than the computer simulations. We present here an electronic implementation of a map-based neuron model, a chaotic Rulkov neuron model, that can be easily transferred on a large scale integration circuit and thus provide a framework for the simulation of large networks of neurons. The Rulkov model is a map-based neuron model that has a surprising abundance of features, such as periodic and chaotic spiking and bursting. The discrete time dynamics allows to tune the time scale of the circuit to the needs of the specific application. Since the circuit described here only uses 18 MOS transistors, it offers new perspectives for building large networks of neurons in a single device. This is very relevant for the analysis of large networks of coupled neurons in order to investigate its dynamics over the network and its synchronization properties.  相似文献   

15.
彭光乔 《科技广场》2011,(3):109-112
本文设计出一类比传统感知器更加接近实际的生物感知器,根据相应的学习规则,它能够成功的执行非线性分类任务。根据突触连接的不同,如纯兴奋突触连接或等比率的兴奋与抑制突触连接,考虑三种不同的模型,得出相应的决策支持界。应用所得的学习规则,此类单层感知器也能够执行非线性的分类任务,如异或问题(XOR)的解决。  相似文献   

16.
Apart from the biochemical parameters routinely used like Vanillyl Mandellic Acid for the patients with neuroblastoma the parameters like neuron specific enolase, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, gamma glutamyl transferase were also studied to assess the utility in diagnosing the patients with neuroblastoma. The study involved 40 healthy ambulatory subjects and 30 untreated cases of histologically proved neuroblastoma referred to the Tata Memorial Hospital for further management and treatment. The urinary Vanillyl Mandellic Acid levels and the serum levels of neuron specific enolase, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase had increased significantly, p<0.001 whereas the gamma glutamyl transferase had decreased significantly p<0.001, as compared to the normal. Serum neuron specific enolase, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase alongwith urinary Vanillyl Mandellic Acid could be of help in diagnosing the patients with neuroblastoma.  相似文献   

17.
神经元作为神经系统的基本单元,提供了人类认知的基本信息功能处理机制。文章通过对神经元及其模型进行计算分析,指出了神经元内离子对刺激信息的反应,在此基础上阐释了误差驱动任务学习与BP学习法,最后文章对神经元的计算启示给出了解读。文章表明,脑认知是动态的表征,其非线性地处理认知现象,并指出计算神经科学在解读大脑处理信息上正在尝试突破,具有重要的研究意义和价值。  相似文献   

18.
The soil dwelling nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is an excellent model organism for the study of numerous disease including neurodegenerative disease. In this study, a programmable microvalve-based microfluidic array for real-time and long-term monitoring of the neurotoxin-induced responses of the individual C. elegans was developed. The device consisted of a flow layer and a control layer, which were used for worm manipulation. By activating the programmable microvalves in the control layer, mutiple worms could be individually captured and intermittently immobilized in parallel channels. Thus the mobility behavior, together with the corresponding dopaminergic neuron features of the worms in response to neurotoxin, could be investigated simultaneously. It was found that the neurotoxin MPP+ enabled to induce mobility defects and dopaminergic neurons loss in worms. The established system is easy and fast to operate, which offers not only the controllable microenvironment for analyzing the individual worms in parallel, monitoring the same worm over time, but also the capability to characterize the mobility behavior and neuron features in response to stimuli simultaneously. In addition, the device enabled to sustain the worm culture over most of their adult lifespan without any harm to worm, providing a potential platform for lifespan and aging research.  相似文献   

19.
有关人类心智阋读的起源一直是发展心理学与心灵哲学的“难问题”。匹配论作为一种旨在解释该问题的元理论,提出了自我与他人的经验匹配观,但囿于核心机制的匮乏而陷入困境。伴随具身认知科学的兴起和镜像神经元的发现,使得经典匹配论的假设得以在具身认知视角下进行检验。具身匹配论认为人类心智阅读源自镜像系统的“共享身体表征”作用。这种具身化的方式将自我与他人的经验直接匹配起来,并最终实现自我与他人的同一性。  相似文献   

20.
A broad range of microfluidic applications, ranging from cell culture to protein crystallization, requires multilevel devices with different heights and feature sizes (from micrometers to millimeters). While state-of-the-art direct-writing techniques have been developed for creating complex three-dimensional shapes, replication molding from a multilevel template is still the preferred method for fast prototyping of microfluidic devices in the laboratory. Here, we report on a "dry and wet hybrid" technique to fabricate multilevel replication molds by combining SU-8 lithography with a dry film resist (Ordyl). We show that the two lithography protocols are chemically compatible with each other. Finally, we demonstrate the hybrid technique in two different microfluidic applications: (1) a neuron culture device with compartmentalization of different elements of a neuron and (2) a two-phase (gas-liquid) global micromixer for fast mixing of a small amount of a viscous liquid into a larger volume of a less viscous liquid.  相似文献   

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