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1.
目的 系统评价应用加速度计测量的中国学龄前儿童体力活动和久坐行为。方法 检索PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据库,搜集测量学龄前儿童体力活动和久坐行为的相关横断面研究,检索时限为1998年至2022年4月。由2名评审者独立进行文献筛选、资料提取及质量评价工作后,采用Stata 16.0软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入23项研究,涵盖中国16个市区4449名学龄前儿童。Meta分析结果显示：中国学龄前儿童日总体力活动时间占比24.4%(190.3min/d, 95%CI:158.9～221.6),日中高强度体力活动时间占比8.2%(63.6min/d, 95%CI:53.6～73.6),日久坐时间占比67.2%(523.9min/d, 95%CI:478.6～569.2)。亚组分析结果表明,女童总体力活动及中高强度体力活动时间均低于男童,而久坐时间高于男童;随年龄增长,儿童中高强度体力活动及久坐时间明显增加,总体力活动时间无变化。结论 中国学龄前儿童体力活动水平总体满足现有指南标准,但久坐行为仍然严重。女童体力活动水平尚未达到指南推荐量。  相似文献   

2.
马晓凯  朱政  孙晨  赵胜  曹振波 《体育科学》2022,(4):43-49+97
目的：探讨儿童青少年中高强度身体活动（MVPA）构成时长特征及其与体质健康间的关系。方法：在上海市3个区招募四年级和八年级学生各360名,根据《国家学生体质健康标准（2014年修订）》要求对儿童青少年进行身体形态及素质测评,使用三轴加速度传感器测量其身体活动水平,统计不同时长分类的MVPA时间（零星：0<单次MVPA<5 min;短时：5≤单次MVPA<10 min;中长时：单次MVPA≥10 min）。有效样本为每天佩戴加速度传感器10 h以上,每周佩戴至少4天（3个工作日,1个周末日）。结果：共407名9～14岁儿童青少年符合数据纳入标准,其中男生185名（占45.5%）,四年级学生223名（占54.8%）,BMI中位数18.6 kg/m2(16.4,21.0),达到平均每天60 min及以上MVPA的人数比例为6.6%。儿童青少年MVPA构成中,零星MVPA占比最大（占59.9%）;男生中长时MVPA占比（占24.4%）显著高于女生（占12.3%）(P<0.05),而零星和短时MVPA占比趋势则相反（P<0.05,P=0.033）;四年级学生零星MV...  相似文献   

3.
Background:This study examined the volume and patterns of physical activity(PA) and sedentary time(ST) across different segments of the week among boys and girls.Methods:A total of 188 children aged 7-12 years wore a wrist-mounted ActiGraph GT3 X+accelerometer for 7 days.Time spent in PA and ST was calculated using ActiLife software.The mean number of minutes of light PA,moderate PA,vigorous PA,moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA),and ST were calculated per weekday(before school,during school,and after school) and per weekend day(morning and afternoon-evening).Results:After school represented the greatest accumulation of ST compared with before school and during school segments.Boys engaged in225.4 min/day of ST(95% confidence interval(CI):216-235),and girls engaged in 222.2 min/day of ST(95%CI:213-231).During school,boys engaged in significantly more MVPA than girls(46.1 min/day(95%CI:44-48) vs.40.7 min/day(95%CI:39-43)).Across the whole weekday,boys participated in significantly more MVPA than girls(103.9 min/day(95%CI:99-109) vs.95.7 min/day(95%CI:90-101)).The weekend afternoon—evening segment represented the larger accumulation of ST,where boys were significantly more sedentary than girls(367.5 min/day(95%CI:353-382) vs.339.8 min/day(95%CI:325-355),respectively).Conclusion:Our findings suggest that children are highly sedentary and spend little of their time in school in MVPA,especially girls.Routine breaks in school elicit increases in light PA and MVPA.Future work should consider the use of more active breaks within school time to encourage PA and reduce ST.  相似文献   

4.
为了探究社会学因素对厦门市成年人体力活动量的影响,本研究通过分析部分社会学因素与厦门市居民(20岁以上)体力活动量之间的关系。以问卷调查的方式对厦门市成年人进行调查,采用回归分析影响成年人体力活动量因素。研究发现,吸烟和体力活动总量有相关性(95%CI=154.456-670.823,p<0.01);一周参加锻炼的频率和体力活动总量有相关性(95%CI=270.509-425.480,p<0.01);参加锻炼的主要形式与体力活动总量有相关性(95%CI=-364.411--45.857,p<0.05);其他因素对成年人参加体力活动无显著影响,P>0.05。建议在进行运动干预的时候,应该注意吸烟?参加锻炼的频率以及参加锻炼的主要形式的影响。  相似文献   

5.
目的探讨小学儿童体力活动与身体素质、骨密度的关联,为促进小学儿童体质健康干预策略提供理论基础。方法通过ActiGraph GT3X+型加速度计与CM-200超声骨密度仪分别对扬州市某小学313名六年级学生进行体力活动水平与骨密度的测量,最后对小学儿童身体素质指标进行测试。结果与结论男孩的MVPA与50m跑、1min仰卧起坐、1min跳绳都具有弱效应的相关性(p<0.05),女孩的MVPA与50m跑、握力、1min跳绳都具有弱效应的相关性(p<0.05),男孩与女孩的MVPA都与立定跳远具有中度效应的相关性(r=0.32,r=0.394,p<0.001);女孩的MVPA与骨密度Z值、SOS都具有弱效应的相关性(p<0.05)。小学儿童中高强度体力活动与身体素质、骨密度具有关联性。  相似文献   

6.
《体育与科学》2015,(3):87-91
目的:调查江苏省各地区人群体力活动量现状并对其特征进行研究分析。方法:采用国际体力活动短问卷在省内104个县/区按照PPS抽样原则进行抽样调查。结果:江苏省常住人口的体力活动水平高度活跃率为40.9%;男性高度活跃率为43.0%,女性为38.6%,男性每周总体力活动量、每日MVPA时间高于女性,男女间差异显著(p<0.01);20-39岁年龄组高度活跃率为36.8%,40-59岁年龄组为45.6%;站立走动为主人群的体力活动水平高度活跃率最高(51.4%),但是该人群的经常锻炼人群比例最低(16.4%);城镇人群的高度活跃率低于农村人群,但是经常锻炼人口比例高于农村人群;学历高的人群体力活动水平高度活跃率低,但是经常锻炼人口比例较高。结论:1江苏省常住人口的体力活动高度活跃率为40.9%,低于我国上海地区,也低于主要发达国家的水平;2江苏男性的体力活动水平高于女性,40岁以后的成年人体力活动水平高于年轻人群,农村人群体力活动水平高于城镇人群;3本研究还发现,与工作方式相关的体力活动量对日常体力活动量的影响较大,体重超重人群表现出更加强烈的锻炼积极性。  相似文献   

7.
目的调查轻度智障儿童基本运动技能(FMS)与体力活动水平,探讨二者之间的关系,为该群体运动参与能力的提升及其健康促进提供指导思路。方法选取上海市65名轻度智障儿童作为调查对象,运用TGMD-2和ActiGraph GT3X+三轴加速度传感器分别对其FMS及体力活动水平进行测量和评价,对相关数据进行统计分析。结果轻度智障儿童FMS平均总得分为(67.82±7.31)分,其中位移技能得分显著高于物理控制技能(P<0.01),男生位移技能得分显著高于女生(P<0.05),但物体控制技能无显著性别差异(P>0.05)。15.6%的轻度智障儿童能满足每天60 min中高强度体力活动(MVPA)推荐量,男生平均每天MVPA时间显著高于女生(P<0.01),周末日体力活动时间显著高于上学日(P<0.01)。总体上轻度智障儿童的低强度体力活动(LPA)、MVPA和总体力活动(TPA)时间与FMS得分均呈正相关(r=0.351~0.547,P<0.05)。FMS得分对轻度智障儿童平均每天MVPA时间、TPA时间具有解释意义(R^2=0.381,P<0.01;R^2=0.409,P<0.01)。位移技能是解释每天MVPA时间的唯一变量(β=0.490,P<0.01)。结论轻度智障儿童的FMS发展与体力活动水平整体呈正相关关系,基于该群体技能发展层面的体力活动促进是该领域相关研究的重要方向。  相似文献   

8.
目的:掌握寄宿高中学生体力活动情况,了解班主任和体育教师干预支持性,为学生体力活动不足的干预计划提供参考依据。方法:采用分层随机抽样法,对怀化市寄宿高中生进行半结构式问卷调查。结果:过去7d只有45.1%的学生体育课中处于活跃体力活动(MVPA)状态,仅有8.7%的寄宿高中生每天体力活动时间达到1h,年级差异有统计学意义(p<0.001)。45.7%的学生课间处于静坐少动行为(SB)状态,年级差异无统计学意义。男女生在体育课MVPA水平、课间SB行为以及课余锻炼时间上均有统计学差异(p<0.05~p<0.01)。班主任体力活动干预支持性高于体育教师,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。结论:寄宿高中学生体育课中MVPA人数比例偏低,课余体力活动时间不足,课间SB比例偏高。建立班主任与体育教师合作干预机制符合学校健康促进的发展理念与现实需求。  相似文献   

9.
Objective: We sought to investigate the longitudinal associations of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA) and pubertal development with academic achievement in adolescents.Methods: A total of 635 adolescents(283 boys, 352 girls) aged 11-13 years participated in the study. MVPA was assessed by the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study questionnaire, and pubertal development was assessed by the Pubertal Development Scale at beginning of the 6 th grade(baseline) and end of the 7 th grade(follow-up). Grade point average(GPA) at the end of Grades 5 and 7 was computed from data acquired from the school registers. The data were analyzed using linear regression and analyses of covariance.Results: In boys, MVPA was positively associated with GPA at baseline after adjustment for age(b = 0.144, 95% confidence interval(CI):0.028-0.260, p = 0.028). In girls, the Pubertal Development Scale was positively associated with GPA at baseline(b = 0.104, 95%CI: -0.004 to0.211, p = 0.058) and follow-up(b = 0.104, 95%CI: -0.002 to 0.211, p = 0.055) after adjustment for age, and these associations strengthened after further adjustment for MVPA(p < 0.05). Adolescents who were inactive at baseline or at baseline and follow-up had lower GPA during followup than their continuously highly active peers(mean difference = -0.301, 95%CI: -0.543 to -0.058, p = 0.009) and all other adolescents(mean difference = -0.247, 95%CI: -0.475 to -0.019, p = 0.029). These differences were greater in girls than in boys.Conclusion: Lower levels of MVPA were associated with lower GPA in boys at baseline. Girls who were continuously inactive had lower GPA over the follow-up period than those who were continuously active. Finally, earlier pubertal development was associated with better academic achievement in girls.  相似文献   

10.
目的:探讨南京市40～59岁中老年社区居民体质健康状况、体力活动情况以及两者之间的相关关系.方法:分别采用<中国成年人体质健康标准>和<居民健康及体力活动量调查表>,对社区居民进行体质测试和体力活动量调查.共1993人参加测试,其中男性960人,女性1033人.结果显示:1)南京市社区40-59周岁的中老年居民的体质综合得分仅达及格水平;女性居民的体质健康优秀率和良好率均高于男性.2)75.98%的男性居民体重处于超重或肥胖状态,女性居民超重或肥胖率为63.16%;正常体重组体质综合得分最高,低体重和超重肥胖组较低;体重过重或过轻均会对身体机能和素质产生负面影响.3)南京市城市社区居民体力活动以中低强度为主,女性居民每周体力活动能量消耗显著高于男性(P<0.01);居民体力活动的主要构成来源为职业劳动、家务劳动和交通出行的体力活动.4)居民体力活动每周消耗MET-min均值和体质综合得分呈显著正相关(P<0.01),体力活动是体质健康的保护性因素;有规律地参加体育锻炼活动越多,体质健康收益越大.5)居民超重或肥胖与大、中等强度体力活动不足密切相关.  相似文献   

11.
The aims of this study were: (1) to observe participation in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during school recess periods; (2) to determine the relative importance of physical activity during recesses to overall daily physical activity; and (3) to examine differences in physical activity between the sexes during unstructured recess periods. The participants were 22 school children (10 boys, 12 girls) aged 8?–?10 years (mean = 8.9, s = 0.7) in the third and fourth grades. Daily totals for the physical activity variables were calculated by summing the values for each hour of 14?h of physical activity measurements (08:00 to 22:00?h). Recess times (minutes) were as follows: morning 10:30 to 11:00?h and afternoon 15:30 to 16:00?h. We did not differences between boys and girls in daily total accelerometer counts or the overall time spent in MVPA. However, girls were significantly (P <?0.05) more involved (38%) in MVPA during recess time than boys (31%). Participation in MVPA during recess contributes significantly more (P <?0.05) for girls (19%) than boys (15%) to the total amount of physical activity suggested by international health-related physical activity guidelines, while the percentage of time engaged in MVPA during recess time at school accounts for a small amount of the daily MVPA (6% for boys and 8% for girls). The results of this study suggest that school recess time is an important setting to promote MVPA and contributes to daily physical activity in young children, especially in girls.  相似文献   

12.
ABSTRACT

No study has investigated secular changes in both total steps and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among Japanese children. This study examined the secular changes of total steps and MVPA among fourth-grade students in Japan in 2003/2004 and 2016/2017. It was performed at a school in Okayama Prefecture in Japan. A total of 452 participants (226 boys and 226 girls; mean age, 9.6 ± 0.5 years) participated in the study. We measured total steps and MVPA of the participants by using the same methods in 2003/2004 and 2016/2017. An uniaxial accelerometer was used to measure total steps and MVPA. On weekdays and weekends, the total steps and MVPA were lowered by approximately 1,000–3,000 steps/day and 10 min/day, respectively, in boys and by 1,000 steps/day and 5 min/day, respectively, in girls in 2016/2017 in comparison to 2003/2004. In both boys and girls, the percentage of children meeting 60 minutes/day of MVPA decreased in 2016/2017(weekdays: boys 21.8%, girls 6.0%; weekends: boys 3.8%, girls 4.1%) compared with 2003/2004 (weekdays: boys 48.2%, girls 11.6%; weekends: boys 7.8%, girls 7.6%). In conclusion, the results demonstrated that total steps and MVPA of fourth-grade students in Japan were lower in 2016/2017 than in 2003/2004.  相似文献   

13.
The aims of this study were: (1) to observe participation in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during school recess periods; (2) to determine the relative importance of physical activity during recesses to overall daily physical activity; and (3) to examine differences in physical activity between the sexes during unstructured recess periods. The participants were 22 school children (10 boys, 12 girls) aged 8 - 10 years (mean = 8.9, s = 0.7) in the third and fourth grades. Daily totals for the physical activity variables were calculated by summing the values for each hour of 14 h of physical activity measurements (08:00 to 22:00 h). Recess times (minutes) were as follows: morning 10:30 to 11:00 h and afternoon 15:30 to 16:00 h. We did not differences between boys and girls in daily total accelerometer counts or the overall time spent in MVPA. However, girls were significantly (P < 0.05) more involved (38%) in MVPA during recess time than boys (31%). Participation in MVPA during recess contributes significantly more (P < 0.05) for girls (19%) than boys (15%) to the total amount of physical activity suggested by international health-related physical activity guidelines, while the percentage of time engaged in MVPA during recess time at school accounts for a small amount of the daily MVPA (6% for boys and 8% for girls). The results of this study suggest that school recess time is an important setting to promote MVPA and contributes to daily physical activity in young children, especially in girls.  相似文献   

14.
The current article provides an important insight into measurement differences between two commonly used self-reports and accelerometer-determined moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) scores within matched samples across 1 school year. Participants were 998 fifth- through eighth-grade students who completed self-reports and 76 fifth- and sixth-grade children with accelerometers. The Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) Research Protocol showed the higher frequency of days exceeding 60 minutes of MVPA than the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Larger proportions of children achieved the MVPA guidelines based on HBSC results (girls 16%, boys 29%), than IPAQ-SF (girls 5%, boys 11%), or accelerometers data (girls 0%, boys 0%). MVPA remained stable over 12 months on the basis of both self-report and accelerometer results. Both self-report scales presented should be used with discretion in population studies, whereas accelerometer-determined data can be more authentic when personal guidance is required.  相似文献   

15.
The present study examined the sex-specific associations of moderate and vigorous physical activity (VPA) with physical fitness in 300 Japanese adolescents aged 12–14 years. Participants were asked to wear an accelerometer to evaluate physical activity (PA) levels of various intensities (i.e. moderate PA (MPA), 3–5.9 metabolic equivalents (METs); VPA, ≥6 METs; moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), ≥3 METs). Eight fitness items were assessed (grip strength, bent-leg sit-up, sit-and-reach, side step, 50?m sprint, standing long jump, handball throw, and distance running) as part of the Japanese standardised fitness test. A fitness composite score was calculated using Japanese fitness norms, and participants were categorised according to their score from category A (most fit) to category E (least fit), with participants in categories D and E defined as having low fitness. It was found that for boys, accumulating more than 80.7?min/day of MVPA may reduce the probability of low fitness (odds ratio (ORs) [95% confidence interval (CI)]?=?0.17 [0.06–0.47], p?=?.001). For girls, accumulating only 8.4?min of VPA could reduce the likelihood of exhibiting low fitness (ORs [95% CI]?=?0.23 [0.05–0.89], p?=?.032). These results reveal that there are sex-specific differences in the relationship between PA and physical fitness in adolescents, suggesting that sex-specific PA recommendation may be needed to improve physical fitness in adolescents.  相似文献   

16.
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyse the associations between sports participation, levels of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). The study comprised 310 participants (183 girls and 127 boys) aged 11–18 years. Sports participation was assessed by questionnaire and habitual physical activity (PA) was measured objectively with accelerometers. The 20-m shuttle-run test was used to estimate CRF. Logistic regression analyses were carried out with CRF as the outcome. The odds ratio (OR) for being fit was greater for those who comply with 60 min · day?1 in MVPA (OR = 2.612; 95%confidence interval [CI] = 1.614–4.225) in comparison with those who do not. Participation in competitive sports at club levels increased the chances of being fit (OR = 13.483; 95%CI = 4.560–39.864), independently of MVPA levels. There were positive and significant trends in CRF and objectively measured PA across the levels of engagement in competitive sports (P < 0.05). Concluding, participation in competitive sports at club level is more effective than other organised or non-organised sports to reach healthier levels of CRF and recommend levels of MVPA.  相似文献   

17.
ABSTRACT

Sedentary time (ST) has been inconsistently associated with adiposity and cardiorespiratory fitness in children in previous studies. We studied cross-sectional associations of ST, light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with fat mass index (FMI) and cardiorespiratory fitness (estimated VO2max). Associations were evaluated with and without considering pattern of ST by bout length. We measured ST and activity by a wrist-worn accelerometer, FMI by bioelectrical impedance, and VO2max by Pacer test in 443 children (51.2% girls, 10.2 ± 0.6 years). Isotemporal substitution regression models estimated the effects of substituting ST, LPA, and MVPA on FMI and VO2max. Further models repeated analyses separating ST into short (<10 min) and long (≥10 min) bouts. Only replacing ST or LPA with MVPA was consistently associated with lower FMI and greater VO2max. When separated by bout length, only one unique association was found where replacing long ST bouts with short ST bouts was associated with lower FMI in girls only. In conclusion, activity pattern is associated with adiposity in girls and fitness in boys and girls. Separating ST into long and short ST bouts may be of minimal importance when assessing associations with adiposity and fitness using wrist-worn accelerometry in children.  相似文献   

18.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which a sport education season of fitness could provide students with recommended levels of in-class moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) while also increasing students’ fitness knowledge and fitness achievement. Method: One hundred and sixty-six 5th-grade students (76 boys, 90 girls) participated in a 20-lesson season called “CrossFit Challenge” during a 4-week period. The Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run, push-ups, and curl-ups tests of the FITNESSGRAM® were used to assess fitness at pretest and posttest, while fitness knowledge was assessed through a validated, grade-appropriate test of health-related fitness knowledge (HRF). Physical activity was measured with Actigraph GT3X triaxial accelerometers. Results: Results indicated a significant time effect for all fitness tests and the knowledge test. Across the entire season, the students spent an average of 54.5% of lesson time engaged in MVPA, irrespective of the type of lesson (instruction, free practice, or competition). Conclusions: The results suggest that configuring the key principles of sport education within a unit of fitness is an efficient model for providing students with the opportunity to improve fitness skill and HRF knowledge while attaining recommended levels of MVPA.  相似文献   

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