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1.
Humanoid robots have shown to provide interesting perspectives for autistic children. Yet, few studies have looked at educators' point of view on the use of such robots in educational settings. This paper presents a case study of the use of a humanoid robot, NAO, in a French preschool class dedicated to autistic children. Our work focuses on the perspectives of the adults working with these children. We interviewed the professional staff about changes in their teaching due to the presence of the robot, about the effects on the pupils' behaviour, and about the collaboration between the special needs teacher, the special needs support worker and the operational specialist from the digital education department of the district academic head office. Four themes were identified: joint reflection and collaboration when working with NAO, working with NAO, impact of NAO on pupils, impact of NAO on adults. The professionals underscored the necessity of adopting certain attitudes, in particular, the most neutral facial expression possible, so as not to disturb the children's learning process. They were under the impression that the robot had a beneficial effect on the pupils in terms of learning and social skills, and that it facilitated collaboration among them.  相似文献   

2.
From preschool age, humans tend to imitate causally irrelevant actions—they over-imitate. This study investigated whether children over-imitate even when they know a more efficient task solution and whether they imitate irrelevant actions equally from a human compared to a robot model. Five-to-six-year-olds (N = 107) watched either a robot or human retrieve a reward from a puzzle box. First a model demonstrated an inefficient (Trial 1), then an efficient (Trial 2), then again the inefficient strategy (Trial 3). Subsequent to each demonstration, children copied whichever strategy had been demonstrated regardless of whether the model was a human or a robot. Results indicate that over-imitation can be socially motivated, and that humanoid robots and humans are equally likely to elicit this behavior.  相似文献   

3.
The ubiquity and educational potential of mobile applications are well acknowledged. This paper proposes six theory-based, pedagogical strategies to guide interaction design of mobile apps for young children. Also, to augment the capabilities of mobile devices, we used a humanoid robot integrated with a smartphone and developed an English-learning app that applied the design strategies to this environment. Our observations of children's one-on-one use support the promise of the strategies and the combined use of robots and mobile devices to be a viable option to help optimize mobile learning.  相似文献   

4.
Humanoid robots equipped with social skills have come to be used increasingly in the field of education across various subfields such as science education, special education, and foreign language education. In order to enhance the use of humanoid robots in educational settings, and to comprehensively evaluate its impact on the transformation of the class, understanding students’ attitudes towards the use of robots for educational purposes plays a critical role. This paper outlines the implementation and validation procedures of an educational robot attitude scale (ERAS) developed to measure the attitudes of secondary school students towards the use of humanoid robots in educational settings. The sample of the study comprised of 232 secondary school students. The development and validation process consisted of exploratory factor analysis and convergent validity. The developed scale consists of 17 items and represents four factors of students’ attitude: engagement, enjoyment, anxiety and intention. These four factors accounted for 66% of the total variance of the scale. Internal consistency coefficient for the whole scale was found .90 according to the reliability analysis. The results of the study suggest that the scale is a valid, reliable, and efficient tool for measuring the dimensions of students’ attitudes towards humanoid robots in educational settings.  相似文献   

5.
Educational technology research and development - This study examined the affordances of an embodied humanoid robot to engage children in play and learning from the perspective of embodied...  相似文献   

6.
Research Findings: Interactive technology has become ubiquitous in young children’s lives, but little is known about how children incorporate such technologies into their intuitive biological theories. Here we explore how the manner in which technology is introduced to young children impacts their biological reasoning, moral regard, and prosocial behavior toward it. We asked 5- and 7-year-old children to interact with a robot dog that was described either as moving autonomously or as remote controlled. Compared with a controlled robot, the autonomous robot caused children to ascribe higher emotional and physical sentience to the robot, to reference the robot as having desires and physiological states, and to reference moral concerns as applying to the robot. Children who owned a dog at home were more likely to behave prosocially toward the autonomous robot than those who did not. Practice or Policy: Recent work has begun to use robots as learning tools. Our results suggest that the manner in which robots are introduced to young children may differentially impact children’s learning. Presenting robots as autonomous agents may help promote children’s social-emotional development, whereas presenting robots as human controlled may help promote robots as purely cognitive educational tools.  相似文献   

7.
目前设计的仿人灵巧手存在成本过高、结构复杂等问题,不利于服务机器人的动作实现与市场拓展。基于此,提出一种简易的仿人灵巧手设计方案。该方案中,仅设计了三根手指,每根手指三个自由度,采用了电机驱动的欠驱动方式,手指每个关节间由交错式钢丝带传动,达到了关节同时转动的设计要求。该设计既完成了仿人动作,又能达到节省空间的目的,且结构简单而紧凑,降低了开发成本。  相似文献   

8.
This paper examines the impact of programming robots on sequencing ability during a 1-week intensive robotics workshop at an early childhood STEM magnet school in the Harlem area of New York City. Children participated in computer programming activities using a developmentally appropriate tangible programming language CHERP, specifically designed to program a robot’s behaviors. The study assessed 27 participants’ sequencing skills before and after the programming and robotics curricular intervention using a picture-story sequencing task and compared those skills to a control group. Pre-test and post-test scores were compared using a paired sample t test. The group of children who participated in the 1-week robotics and programming workshop experienced significant increases in post-test compared to pre-test sequencing scores.  相似文献   

9.
Motivated by mixed evidence on the effectiveness of reading companions on children’s reading performance, as well as the clear and present need for libraries to conduct literacy education, this study sought to investigate the feasibility of using social robots in library literacy activities and to extract the essential functions of effective reading companions by comparing human and robot co-readers. A humanoid robot, Robot Julia, was developed as a social robot to provide oral conversation and offer children tactful and stimulating support for their reading. An experimental study was conducted to examine child patrons’ perceptions and performance in reading activities with the robot companion as compared to human companions. A total of 36 elementary school children participated in the study. The results positively supported that the participants perceived the robot companion as more favourable and desirable to read with than a human co-reader. The children favoured robotic verbalisation over human verbalisation. According to the results of the comparison, cognitively it was found that human and robot companions facilitated children’s reading comprehension in different ways and that the children performed similarly well with both kinds of reading companions. Affectively, the robot co-reader induced more social interaction during the reading sessions. Despite all the positive aspects, it is also necessary to consider the limitations including the novelty effect of the approach. This study contributes empirical evidence in the pragmatic field of library science and expands upon social robot research by exploring one-on-one child–robot interactions in reading, as opposed to the group contexts in previous studies.  相似文献   

10.
《学校用计算机》2012,29(4):255-273
Abstract

We explored the potential of a robotics application in education as a measurement tool of child executive functioning skills. Sixty-five kindergarteners received assignments to go through a maze with a programmable robot, the Bee-Bot. Via observation we quantified how they solved these tasks. Their performance was successfully aggregated into a latent variable, which was used to predict the outcomes on standardized tasks that measure executive functioning. The latent variable significantly predicted performance on several tasks that measure problem-solving abilities, memory, visuospatial abilities and attention. It did not significantly predict pencil-and-paper tasks that measured visuospatial ability and nonverbal or design fluency. This study showed that it is possible to use a playful robotics task to obtain information on children’s ability. We recommend more research on using diverse robots in larger samples with different age groups to further explore the possibilities of robots as a test instrument.  相似文献   

11.
智能避障机器人设计初探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
章研究在未知工作环境中多移动机器人的探测规划问题，将原来比较复杂的整体探测系统转化为相对简单的部分探测，由各智能机器人依据各自任务要求和环境变化，独立调整自身运动决策，完成任务的分布式智能决策体系结构，并给出相应的模型和算法。  相似文献   

12.
对航模中使用的舵机加以改造,进行类人形机器人多变方案的结构设计,配以各种功能模块,整合成具有类人形机器人多变功能的制作箱。经工程训练中心创新思维训练室的使用,学生在训练中对制作出自己设计的各种机器人非常有兴趣,且有一种成就感,在训练过程中很好地培养了学生的创新意识和创新能力,有效地提升大学生的动手与创新能力。  相似文献   

13.
Virtual Reality (VR) technology seems to offer the opportunity of designing 3D worlds and navigation activities which provide settings that are close to children's everyday experiences, capitalising on their enthusiasm for videogame-like technologies.This paper describes how different types of exploration of a VR scene by 6[emsp4 ]y-old children affected their performance in a series of spatial tasks. Individual children explored a desktop virtual world where we varied both the visual perspective on the VR scene (route vs. survey view) and the level of exploration control (active vs. passive movement). We measured children's knowledge of the spatial layout of the environment through their memory of objects' location in the virtual scene and through the analysis of their wayfinding abilities within the scene.The results indicate that children were able to develop and display different levels of allocentric knowledge about the virtual world depending on the way they had familiarized with it and on the characteristics of the task demands. This finding contributes to inform the design of VR technologies aimed at supporting or evaluating spatial abilities in children of this age.  相似文献   

14.
One of the main problems faced within departments of computer science is how to encourage students to use their algorithmic and programming skills in the real-life context. This paper deals with control technologies for higher education. We define controlware as a toolkit for creating the control part of a mobile robot in interactive learning environments and educational micro-worlds. Intelligent behavior of mobile robots is created through the composition of constituent control units. The overall behavior of a mobile robot is half cooperative and half-competitive realization of the goals of the control units. To construct this composition behavior and resolve the corresponding conflicts, a partially ordering priority arbitration subsystem is defined. It is shown that the suggested approach links educational processes both in a control curriculum and an intelligent robotics curriculum. We hope that the spreadsheet-based controlware will make the mobile robots lear ning environment an accepted educational practice tool in computer science.  相似文献   

15.
在人与机器人协调的过程中,控制系统不仅要考虑运动轨迹的位置精度,还要考虑人和机器人与环境接触的灵活性和平滑性。针对柔性多关节机器人动力学前馈的方法进行了研究,使得机器人可以快速、准确地移动到指定位置,控制精度高。提出了一种阻抗控制算法,通过调节机器人末端的阻抗来实现机器人的柔顺控制。依靠动力学的控制策略可以通过调整目标阻抗参数使机器人适应环境。通过对算法的有效性进行仿真验证,该算法可以改善大多数柔性串联机器人的运动控制问题,并且不涉及降低性能以适应操作和控制。  相似文献   

16.
The uncanny valley posits that very human-like robots are unsettling, a phenomenon amply demonstrated in adults but unexplored in children. Two hundred forty 3- to 18-year-olds viewed one of two robots (machine-like or very human-like) and rated their feelings toward (e.g., “Does the robot make you feel weird or happy?”) and perceptions of the robot's capacities (e.g., “Does the robot think for itself?”). Like adults, children older than 9 judged the human-like robot as creepier than the machine-like robot—but younger children did not. Children's perceptions of robots’ mental capacities predicted uncanny feelings: children judge robots to be creepy depending on whether they have human-like minds. The uncanny valley is therefore acquired over development and relates to changing conceptions about robot minds.  相似文献   

17.
Since robots are becoming involved in children's lives, it is urgent to determine how children perceive robots. The present study assessed whether Japanese 5-year-olds care about their reputation when interacting with a social robot. Children were given stickers and asked to divide them between themselves and an absent recipient. Results revealed that children (N = 112, 55 boys, 57 girls) strategically shared more stickers when being watched by a social interactive robot than by an attentional but non-interactive robot or a still robot. Additionally, children (N = 36, 18 boys, 18 girls) attributed higher psychological properties to social robots. This study is the first to show that 5-year-olds care about their reputations from social robots.  相似文献   

18.
某校工业机器人实训室的Ⅰ期实训设备为5台华中数控HSR612(Ⅰ型)工业机器人,能完成工业机器人的基础操作与编程实训任务。具体的实训项目有写字描图、圆球搬运、物料码垛、机械装配以及模拟冲压。除去模拟冲压有1个数字信号与PLC进行通讯,其他任务均为机器人单体任务。由于单体机器人实训已经不能满足学生对机器人工作站,机器人生产线知识掌握的需求,故计划将其中一台机器人进行功能二次开发(智能颜色识别分拣系统),在不影响原有功能的基础上,增加新的功能,使机器人单体实训变成机器人小型工作站实训。  相似文献   

19.
在公路环境巡逻机器人轨迹规划问题中,实时准确的交通流量预测对机器人轨迹规划尤为重要。然而由于车流量的随机非线性,使得机器人轨迹规划任务仍然充满挑战。提出一种深度神经网络与轨迹规划算法相结合的融合算法。通过深度学习预测短期交通流量,优化交通网络图并运用轨迹规划算法完成路径规划。实验表明,改进的机器人能够更快、更安全地完成道路巡逻任务。  相似文献   

20.
This study investigates the acceptance of social robots by higher education students in the social sciences. Pepper, a humanoid social robot from SoftBank Robotics, provided a sample of its capabilities during a first semester, large-scale, university course, “Introduction to academic writing.”From this course, 462 freshmen participated in our survey. The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) acts as the conceptual framework, and partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) as the method for data analysis. The four perceived characteristics—trustworthiness, adaptiveness, social presence and appearance—all predict the intention to use the robot for learning purposes; anxiety regarding making mistakes in handling the robot and about privacy issues are not significant predictors. An importance-performance map analysis indicated adaptiveness as the robot’s most important characteristic for predicting student behavioural intention. Overall, however, the study shows that students do not have the intention to rely on social robots for learning purposes at the current level of state-of-the-art technology: behavioural intention reaches only 36.6% of the theoretical maximum.  相似文献   

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