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1.
创新科技政策及其三阶段周期研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
创新科技政策(ITP)是政府为了影响或者控制企业技术创新资源和知识利用及转化的速度、效率、规模,而采用的一系列政策的总和,强调政策决策者应关注创新技术的动态演化和变革。通过对创新政策、产业政策和ITP的比较,探讨了ITP的特点和意义,进一步对创新科技政策三阶段周期进行归纳,总结了各阶段政策目标和支持措施。结合以色列ITP实施案例得出启示,ITP为区域创新政策刺激企业创新提供了新的研究视角。 相似文献
2.
通过综合考察知识产权政策内容建立知识产权政策量化标准,从政策力度、政策目标、政策措施三个方面对知识产权政策进行量化并建立经典的计量模型对中国知识产权政策的影响进行评估。结果发现,政策力度能显著促进新产品销售率,但会限制专利授权量;权利界定目标显著促进了技术创新绩效,但侵权惩戒目标却显著限制了技术创新绩效;最主要的行政措施对技术创新绩效的影响很小,而真正起作用的财税措施没有得到足够的重视。 相似文献
3.
Evita Paraskevopoulou 《Research Policy》2012,41(6):1058-1071
This paper considers the link between public policy and innovation and contributes to the notion that public policies that do not directly address innovation carry along important implications for it. It explores the role of regulation for innovation and innovation policy by emphasizing the importance of non-technological regulatory effects for innovation and their potential as an input for innovation policy. The output of in depth interviews with stakeholders from the detergents industry is combined with various sources of secondary data and reveals a variety of non-technological novelties attributed to regulation that are relevant to innovation. These results are then matched against the objectives of innovation policy, an exercise that gives better insights on the policy links between regulation and innovation policy and concludes on the domains of complementarities between the two. We find that that regulatory policy can contribute to the achievement of targets set by innovation policy while innovation policy measures can facilitate the compensation of negative regulatory implications for innovation. 相似文献
4.
利用1990-2012年中国和俄罗斯425条技术创新政策构建数据库,从政策目标、政策工具和政策执行三个方面选取20个政策变量进行政策全景描述,运用二元logistic回归方法比较四个时间段以及全阶段下中俄技术创新政策演进差异。研究发现:技术创新政策目标方面,中国更关注技术开发、技术出口和科技成果转化,俄罗斯则更强调技术引进和消化吸收;技术创新政策工具方面,俄罗斯在多种政策工具的使用上显著多于中国;技术创新政策执行方面,两国政策颁布机构级别不同,且俄罗斯颁布了更多法律形式的技术创新政策。 相似文献
5.
The evolution of science policy and innovation studies 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Ben R. Martin 《Research Policy》2012,41(7):1219-1239
This article examines the origins and evolution of the field of science policy and innovation studies (SPIS). Like other studies in this Special Issue, it seeks to systematically identify the key intellectual developments in the field over the last 50 years by analysing the publications that have been highly cited by other researchers. The analysis reveals how the emerging field of SPIS drew upon a growing range of disciplines in the late 1950s and 1960s, and how the relationship with these disciplines evolved over time. Around the mid-1980s, substantial parts of SPIS started to coalesce into a more coherent field centred on the adoption of an evolutionary (or neo-Schumpeterian) economics framework, an interactive model of the innovation process, and (a little later) the concept of ‘systems of innovation’ and the resource-based view of the firm. The article concludes with a discussion of whether SPIS is perhaps in the early stages of becoming a discipline. 相似文献
6.
Literature on innovation policy reveals little of how relations between government agencies as policymakers evolve. Taking the policy network approach, this paper investigates three mechanisms underlining the evolution of inter-government agency relations in emerging economies – policy agenda, power concentration and heterogeneity dependence, and applies them to the analysis of the evolution of innovation policymaking in China. Operationally, the paper proposes a social network analysis (SNA)-based method to quantitatively study China’s innovation policy network, which consists of 463 innovation policy documents formulated by its central government ministries between 1980 and 2011. The findings show that the formal policy network for innovation has been not only sustained through the intervention of policy agendas but also self-organized because of policy network’s nature of power concentration and heterogeneity dependence. The presence of such mixed mechanisms in China’s innovation policy network’s evolution differs from the findings from industrialized countries where self-organization plays a central role. This work advances our theoretical understanding of the evolution of innovation policy network and has implications for innovation policymaking in emerging economies. 相似文献
7.
The mix of contemporary innovation policies impacting on a given territory are typically characterised by quite different underlying rationales and instruments. Complexity is further increased by multi-level considerations. Thus policies with different characteristics and from different administrative levels are continually interacting with one another in complex policy systems. These interactions significantly complicate the evaluation of individual policies, and raise a series of difficult questions around how their respective evaluation processes should interact to facilitate learning around the performance of policy systems. This paper contributes with a simplified definition of an innovation policy system as the conjuncture of policy mix and multi-level dimensions, from which a series of steps are proposed for arriving at an evaluation mix relevant for the specific characteristics of a given policy space. These ideas are explored with respect to the case of the Basque Country region of Spain and signal an agenda for further applied policy research. 相似文献
8.
《国际创新研究学报(英文)》2022,6(1):35-52
This paper aims to synthesize previous user innovation policy proposals into an adapted system of innovation framework, on which a future holistic user innovation policy for the household sector can be based. We do this in three steps. First, we introduce the systems of innovation framework as a comprehensive basis for a holistic approach to innovation policy. Second, we identify and review policy proposals made by user innovation researchers and categorize them according to ten key activities in the systems of innovation framework. Third, from a system of innovation perspective, we synthesize the policy proposals identified into an adapted framework, including determinants specific to user innovation in the household sector. The synthesized proposals are intended to strengthen the systemic and multi-causal effects of policy on household sector user innovation in a country, region, or sector. Future policies for user innovation may, on this basis, be instrumental in avoiding mono-causality, or the concentration on only a few policy instruments in a proposed policy. 相似文献
9.
在创新驱动发展战略的提出和后金融危机时代的大背景下,采用政策计量的方法从部门合作、政策数量和力度、措施和目标等4方面对2001-2012年我国流通产业创新政策开展演化分析。分析结果表明,(1)在流通产业创新政策的制定上,部门间的合作比较稳定,平均每项政策有2个部门参与;(2)2001年以来,我国流通产业创新政策的数量和力度都在稳步上升,特别是在2010年以来;(3)2001年以来,我国流通产业创新政策使用最多且比较稳定的措施有行政措施、财政措施、信息引导及服务,其次是金融和其他措施,对税收措施的运用最有限,其中,金融措施的增长幅度是最大的;(4)不同年份,流通产业创新政策的核心目标不同。但是,创新市场环境和创新制度环境优化一直备受重视。政策对流通主体的培育越来越重视,最近几年,流通产业创新政策对创新市场、制度、技术环境的优化及流通主体培育等4个目标重视逐渐趋于均衡。 相似文献
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11.
Policies for science, technology and innovation: Translating rationales into regional policies in a multi-level setting 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Departing from a number of theoretical perspectives from which rationales for science, technology and innovation (STI) policy can be extracted, this paper discusses three questions. First, what rationales for public intervention can be derived from different economic theories, including theories usually associated with spatial dynamics and territorial relationships? Second, what policy instruments or policy-mixes can be associated with the various rationales? Third, what do these theories and associated rationales tell us about the territorial level or levels at which STI policies can usefully be designed and implemented? 相似文献
12.
当前,科技创新能力提升和科技创新高质量发展成为时代主题,科技评价政策引导科技创新高质量发展的“指挥棒”作用日益突显。本文通过搜集2006—2018年各省市的科技评价政策文件,在优化科技评价政策量化量表的基础上,分别从政策力度、政策目标和政策措施三个层次对政策文本进行量化分析。研究发现：我国科技评价政策总体上呈现“起步晚发展快”的特点,政策目标主题向创新人才培育、区域创新扶持与知识产权保护转变,同时,科技评价政策的作用机理呈现“非线性”特征,政策目标的作用方向正由“数量制胜”向“质量取胜”转变。从科技评价政策与区域科技创新能力发展的关系看,科技评价政策虽然在一定程度上促进了科技创新能力的发展,但是其直接政策效力明显薄弱;科技评价政策的多重目标导致政策的协同效应不足,同时,政策目标与政策实施之间的不协调也削弱了政策效力,导致其“指挥棒”作用仍然有限。 相似文献
13.
《Research Policy》2019,48(10):103832
There has been an increasing interest in science, technology and innovation policy studies in the topic of policy mixes. While earlier studies conceptualised policy mixes mainly in terms of combinations of instruments to support innovation, more recent literature extends the focus to how policy mixes can foster sustainability transitions. For this, broader policy mix conceptualisations have emerged which also include considerations of policy goals and policy strategies; policy mix characteristics such as consistency, coherence, credibility and comprehensiveness; as well as policy making and implementation processes. It is these broader conceptualisations of policy mixes which are the subject of the special issue introduced in this article. We aim at supporting the emergence of a new strand of interdisciplinary social science research on policy mixes which combines approaches, methods and insights from innovation and policy studies to further such broader policy mix research with a specific focus on fostering sustainability transitions. In this article we introduce this topic and present a bibliometric analysis of the literature on policy mixes in both fields as well as their emerging connections. We also introduce five major themes in the policy mix literature and summarise the contributions made by the articles in the special issue to these: methodological advances; policy making and implementation; actors and agency; evaluating policy mixes; and the co-evolution of policy mixes and socio-technical systems. We conclude by summarising key insights for policy making. 相似文献
14.
智慧城市是信息技术创新应用并嵌入到社会服务与管理的智慧表现。本文构建基于“资源效用-技术结构-应用领域”的智慧城市政策工具分析框架,运用文本内容分析与社会网络分析方法对2011年以来我国智慧城市政策进行演进脉络、政策网络关系、阶段性共现主题词和政策工具分析。研究发现：（1）我国智慧城市政策经历了感知基础架构与顶层设计、智慧产业培育与创新驱动、智慧应用领域异构化发展三个演进阶段;（2）第一阶段政策主题涵盖政策目标、基础技术、政策特征和组织体系四个主题词群,第二阶段政策主题是产业结构优化与创新资源协同、创新驱动环境构建、技术标准化与评价,第三个阶段政策主题是数据深度融合、异构领域应用和政策作用效应;（3）我国智慧城市政策存在结构性非均衡,相较于演进初期衡稳使用的供给型政策工具,环境导向政策工具稳步增加,需求导向政策工具动态匹配;（4）相较于以供给型政策工具为主导的云计算支撑产业层,物联感知平台政策倾向于供给型与环境型组合效用,并深化推动与环境型政策工具适配耦合的智慧应用领域政策。 相似文献
15.
2006年以来伴随科技创新政策的密集推出,中国科技创新政策体系发生了影响深远的重大变化,但目前尚缺乏全面完整地针对2006年来科技创新政策的协同演变及其效果的定量研究。本文在借鉴前人政策测量方法的基础上,以2006—2018年中国科技创新政策为对象,对筛选出的科技创新政策进行量化分析,探索中国科技创新政策协同演变特征,并应用岭回归分析研究科技创新政策力度、协同度和可执行度与创新绩效的关系。研究发现：科技创新政策协同度自2006年始呈上升之势,总效力显著增强。科技创新政策对科技创新绩效产生正向显著影响。政策特征对科技创新绩效的影响存在差异性。越明确的政策方向指引越能促进应用型重大成果的产生,提高创新政策的协同有助于促进中国专利授权量的增长,而促进企业新产品销售收入增长则需相关创新政策在力度、协同度和可执行度三方面的结合。 相似文献
16.
The recent policy debates about orientating research, technology and innovation policy towards societal challenges, rather than economic growth objectives only, call for new lines of argumentation to systematically legitimize policy interventions. While the multi-level perspective on long-term transitions has attracted quite some interest over the past years as a framework for dealing with long-term processes of transformative change, but the innovation systems approach is still the dominant perspective for devising innovation policy. Innovation systems approaches stress the importance of improving innovation capabilities of firms and the institutional settings to support them, but they are less suited for dealing with the strategic challenges of transforming systems of innovation, production and consumption, and thus with long-term challenges such as climate change or resource depletion. It is therefore suggested to consider insights from transition studies more prominently in a policy framework that is based on the innovation systems approach and the associated notion of ‘failures’. We propose a comprehensive framework that allows legitimizing and devising policies for transformative change that draws on a combination of market failures, structural system failures and transformational system failures. 相似文献
17.
韩国国家创新体系的历史演变 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文分析了韩国国家创新系统的历史演进过程。文中将这一演进过程分之为四个时间段进行考察,即上世纪60年代、70年代、90年代,以及90年代至今。在这四个时间段中,韩国的国家创新系统发生了重大变化。文中分别就这四个阶段,分析了韩国国家创新系统演变的整体经济环境,各创新主体的发展状况及相关制度的影响,各创新主体间的相互作用。 相似文献
18.
在政策工具和创新价值链双重视角下,本文选取美国、欧盟、日本、韩国和以色列五个国家的科技成果转化政策作为研究对象,比较分析五个国家在政策手段和目的上的特点与差异,以期为中国科技成果转化政策的完善给予政策指引。结果表明,五个国家的供给型政策工具和环境型政策工具存在过溢现象,需求型政策工具运用不足。在推动创新价值链各环节中,不同国家在不同环节的侧重点有所不同,同一环节运用的政策工具类型存在较大差异。美国、日本和以色列等国家在研究开发阶段运用的政策工具比在商业化与产业化阶段来得多,欧盟和韩国的情况则相反,但五个国家在生产试验阶段运用的政策工具都最少。 相似文献
19.
以知识产权政策为研究对象、政策主体为研究视角,解析区域知识产权政策协同的内涵;运用供需理论为指导,以政策目标主体、政策制定主体、政策执行主体三维度解构区域知识产权政策协同;运用新公共管理理论等诊断出知识产权政策协同失灵源于政策制定主体认知理念误区、体制机制障碍、工作机制受阻的深层问题。以此为基础,以协同学为指导,创建区域知识产权政策协同运行机制,以期提升知识产权政策协同的效能。 相似文献
20.
Public procurement has been at the centre of recent discussions on innovation policy. We embed it into the broader framework of public policies to stimulate innovation: regulations, R&D subsidies and basic research at universities. We synthesize the characteristics of all four instruments conceptionally and quantitatively compare their effects on innovation success for 1100 firms in Germany. We find that public procurement and knowledge spillovers from universities propel innovation success equally. The benefits of university knowledge apply uniformly to all firms. However, public procurement is especially effective for smaller firms in regions under economic stress and in distributive or technological services. 相似文献