共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 671 毫秒
1.
Haim H. Gaziel 《European Journal of Education》2012,47(2):290-298
The purpose of this study is to seek to understand the process of privatisation and deregulation of Israel's higher education system which had been until the late 20th century predominantly public. Since 1994, public and governmental agencies became major clients of private universities. Thus the public sector played a major role in the expansion of international universities and in the operation of their academic programmes and became their major financial source. This partnership between the public and the private sector could be explained by the following: the increased demand for higher education by native born Israelis and the large flux of immigrants from the former USSR and Ethiopia on the one side, and the socialist ideology which deeply rooted in the Israeli society, to enable for everyone who wishes to attain higher education to find a place in the undergraduate system (particularly the population of the developmental towns and minority groups) on the other, pushed the Israeli government to expand its boundaries. Israel's public universities have been subjected to relax admissions requirement, which they refused to do. Another reason is the increasing demand from the public service in general and particularly from the education service that having a BA degree would increase the teacher salary and it does not matter whether the degree comes from an Israeli university(with its higher standards) or from a branch of an international university(with its lower standards). That explains the expansion and diversification that occurred in the higher education system in Israel. The 1998 Branches Act stipulating that any overseas institution intending to open an off shore branch must obtain a licence from the Council of Higher Education. The new regime demonstrates the paradox in higher education policy, on one side privatisation by the backdoor, on the other, regulation and control by the Israeli government. 相似文献
2.
Nick Lewis 《Globalisation, Societies & Education》2019,17(1):11-27
ABSTRACTIn Britain and New Zealand the neoliberal assault on universities has shifted from new public management and funding models to the special status of the public university. The project aims to complete neoliberal business initiated 25 years ago by more fully marketising and financialising universities, starting with ‘unbundling’ and outsourcing and culminating in new forms of privatisation, rent-extraction and rebundling. This paper analyses two documents commissioned beyond government to create political momentum for this project: Avalanche is Coming and The University of the Future. These both capture the zeitgeist of reform while simultaneously creating the university futures that they portend. We examine the market-making work they perform in reimagining and reinventing universities ahead of policy reform. We argue that claims made to support fundamental restructuring of public universities lack substance or evidence. Rather, each is underpinned by different configurations of ideology and self-interest that together envelope universities in new agendas of marketisation, financialisation and privatisation. We suggest that in this latest restructuring of public universities critics should pay more attention to the work of consultancies and think tanks alongside the micro-details of market making. By doing so, they too might reimagine public universities, but for a different political project. 相似文献
3.
文炳勋 《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》2007,36(3):35-39
公共预算控制可分两个大的系统,即政府部门的内部行政控制和立法机构的外部政治控制.行政控制以强调财政资源配置效率为主,政治控制以落实公共责任为主.行政控制与政治控制的进步及其二者的互动直接影响甚至决定公共预算体制的发展.公共预算体制模式就是行政机构、立法机构及其内部各层级、各集团对公共预算长期相互博奕所形成的较稳定财政分配机制,其核心就是财权在行政和立法机构之间的分配与制衡,并非传统的财权在政府不同部门、层级之间的分配.我国公共预算改革的深化应当是一种综合性的改革,将公共责任和行政控制引入政府预算与财政管理,建立一种严格"控制取向"的预算体制. 相似文献
4.
在广州大学城开展学生网络思想政治教育尚缺乏公共平台和有效途径。解决这一问题，需要上级部门加强指导和统筹；加强各高校学生门户网站之间以及高校内部各层级网站和网页的信息沟通和交流；依据网络特点创新思想政治教育的内容和手段。 相似文献
5.
Asymmetries in progression in higher education in Taiwan: Parental education and income effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A unique data set on Taiwan was employed to investigate the socioeconomic family backgrounds of students attending universities. Our empirical study found that individuals attending university are more likely to come from better-educated families than are those who do not attend university. Students attending public universities, which receive higher government subsidies, tend to come from wealthier families. Furthermore, our results show that the relationship between the size of the government subsidies and family background is not purely progressive. Students attending normal universities/teacher training colleges received the highest subsidies but tended to come from the least-educated families. Students attending the top five public universities come from the most affluent families of Taiwanese society. 相似文献
6.
It is generally known that the general goals of universities are to produce high-quality graduates for the job market, to
continuously advance the frontier of knowledge in all the disciplines, and ultimately to advance human civilization. There
can, however, be numerous specific goals which differ from one university to the other. Whatever it is, in order to achieve
the desired goals, universities need to design a realistic strategic development plan, which must include, among others, the
important logistical components and factors of university development. In Malaysia, little is known about university development
planning process as a subject area. Annual reports and calendars published by universities do not provide sufficient information
about the elements and aspects of high priorities in their strategic development plan. As such, we decided to conduct a study
on eleven (11) foremost public universities in Malaysia—a country with a centralized education system—in order to examine
the goals, components, and factors considered by university top-management in planning university development. We administered
a checklist to 296 respondents, comprising deputy vice-chancellors or deputy rectors, registrars, deans, and directors. The
checklist required the respondents to rate the consideration level on a scale of 1 (least considered) to 5 (highly considered)
for each of the items on goals, components, and factors. This article reports the main findings of our study. Among other
things, the most obvious result revealed by the study was that universities were very concerned with the relevancy of academic
programs offered and their performance in research. It was rather surprising, however, that the top-management of public universities
in Malaysia placed the goal of providing quality infrastructure and facilities at the lowest ranking. Also, this study revealed
that the government, as a factor, exerted its prominence only in terms of university budget and research grants and the execution
of some policies of national interest, but university expansion and development was largely driven by the university organization
itself, i.e., on where, what, and how it wants to expand and grow. In this regard, public universities in Malaysia still enjoy
a large degree of academic autonomy and a strong support by the government. 相似文献
7.
美国科罗拉多州在2005～2006学年正式实施高等教育券计划,政府对高等学校不再直接拨款,进入公立大学的学生可以获得每年2 400美元面值的教育券;申请进入政府指定的3所私立大学的学生,可以得到每年1 200美元面值的教育券。在美国,这是除退伍军人教育券外,第一个针对普通大学生的教育券计划。该计划颠覆了政府对大学的传统的直接拨款模式,一方面促进了公立大学的竞争,充分利用了现有的高等教育资源和经费;另一方面也加大了对私立大学的支持力度。 相似文献
8.
公办高校法人治理结构及其建设 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我国大多数高校创新能力不足的主要原因是没有建立现代高校法人制度。目前公办高校法人制度建设的主要任务,首先是依法规范政府与高校的所有权与管理权的关系,建立现代法律契约或委托代理关系;其次是健全高校内部的决策、执行与监督机制,确保高校中政治权利、行政权利和学术权利的平衡和制约,为高校的科研创新、人才培养创新和社会服务创新服务。 相似文献
9.
Kathryn C. Senie 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2016,40(4):269-284
This study examined the cultural aspects of a transfer articulation policy between public community colleges and state universities enacted by a newly consolidated state governing board for higher education in a northeastern state. A qualitative multisite case study design explored how key stakeholders, faculty, administrators and staff viewed the transfer policy from their unique perspectives. Tierney’s (2008) cultural analysis of governance was used to examine the effectiveness of communication and decision-making on the part of the board. The study also applied Handel’s (2011) theory of a transfer affirming culture along with Jain, Herrera, Bernal, and Solorzano’s (2011) research on the requisite services for pretransfer and posttransfer success of nontraditional students. The use of several theoretical frameworks provides “a more powerful lens than when using only one in helping to interpret and understand culture” (Kezar &; Eckel, 2002, p. 440). The study was guided by the following question: How do community college and state university faculty, administrators and staff perceive the Transfer Mobility Policy in relation to their campus cultures? The findings identified difficulties with community college curricula and student transfer advising as well as a cultural gap between the community colleges and the state university. They underscored the politics that surrounds higher education governance reform and resultant clash between political and academic cultures. This study may help policy makers promote statewide transfer and articulation initiatives and be instructive for faculty, administrators, and staff as they seek to improve the success of students who transfer from community colleges to four-year colleges and universities. 相似文献
10.
AbstractNationalism is a key resource for the political work of governing Scotland, and education offers the Scottish National Party (SNP) government a policy space in which political nationalism (self determination) along with social and cultural forms of civic nationalism can be formed and propagated, through referencing ‘inwards’ to established myths and traditions that stress the ‘public’ nature of schooling/education/universities and their role in construction of ‘community’; and referencing ‘outwards’, especially to selected Nordic comparators, but also to major transnational actors such as OECD, to education’s role in economic recovery and progress. The SNP government has been very active in the education policy field, and a significant element of its activity lies in promoting a discourse of collective learning in which a ‘learning government’ is enabled to lead a ‘learning nation’ towards the goal of independence. This paper draws on recent research to explore recent and current developments in SNP government education policy, drawing on discourse analysis to highlight the political work that such policy developments seek to do, against the backdrop of continuing constitutional tensions across the UK. 相似文献
11.
This article addresses problems facing universities because of external pressures for changes in their teaching, research, and governance and management policies and practices to align them with public policies. The view is put that governments are introducing public policies in times of economic recession to achieve rationalisation of human, physical and financial resources in higher education and to foster initiatives that shape university teaching and research to serve the needs of society and assist in national economic recovery. Examples of these external pressures, which have resulted in intrusions into the autonomy of university governance and management, are provided in the context of general system theory. It is assumed that the pressure of public policies on universities will continue and that each university should have a development plan for its present and future teaching and research activities, which has the endorsement of the government higher education advisory agency so that university management can function on a secure basis. The effectiveness and efficiency of functioning at the various levels of the university system should be assessed by periodic evaluative reviews. The quality of management by academic leaders should be fostered by the establishment of national centres for the study of higher education management and policy. The relationship between government higher education advisory agencies and universities should be renegotiated so that, as interdependent and interrelated parts of the higher education system, they work in joint co-operation to ensure the most effective and appropriate development of each institution. Nevertheless, a state of equilibrium between the university system and the supra (social) system within which it exists will never fully be achieved. The fundamental role and functions of a university require that it be concerned with teaching and researching both ageless and current phenomena. Hence, a perfect equilibrium state cannot exist if external social pressures are for the main weight of university activities to be shifted to providing service for the current needs of society. 相似文献
12.
王洁敏 《南阳师范学院学报》2012,11(4):110-113
从众心理作为人在社会化过程中形成的一种特定心理,对大学生思想政治理论课的学习具有重要影响,它会弱化学生的学习目的、改变学生的学习态度、解构学生的学习方法。作为高校思想政治理论课教师,我们应明确从众心理产生的原因,探寻规避从众心理对大学生思想政治理论课学习的消极影响,以提升大学生思想政治理论课的学习效果,为大学生的健康成长保驾护航。 相似文献
13.
探索加强和改进大学生思潮政治教育工作，必须用邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想武装头脑，始终坚持社会主义办学方向，践行“三个代表”重要思想，增强大局意识，营造优良育人环境，增强务实创新意识和道德意识，落实“以德治国”思想，使高校成为践行“三个代表”重要思想的主阵地，与时俱进，求真务实，开创高校学生思想政治工作新局面。 相似文献
14.
We investigate how the benefits of publicly financed higher education in Turkey are distributed among students with different socioeconomic backgrounds. We use a dataset from a nationally representative sample of university entrance exam takers together with data on government subsidies to public universities. We compare the characteristics of students who succeed in the exam to those who do not and those who enter public universities to those who go to private ones. Our econometric analyses based on a three-stage selection model reveal that students from wealthier and more educated families are more likely to be successful at university entrance. Unlike the findings in other countries, students who enroll in private universities come from higher income and more educated families. Among those who enter public universities, students from higher income and better educated families are more likely to go to universities that receive larger subsidies from the government. 相似文献
15.
Paul Gibbs 《Educational Philosophy and Theory》2017,49(3):242-252
Higher education institutions are major concentrations of political, social, economic, intellectual and communicative resources. They reach freely across populations and cultures and connect to government, professions, industry and the arts. The neoliberal logic of markets has entered the realm of (higher) education. This leads to discourse on the benefits of education being positioned almost exclusively in terms of their effect on income. The perspective taken in the paper is the development of a happiness motive that asks education to challenge what it is to be a member of society: What moral and ontological stance one will seek to take in developing one’s future? The satisfied student perpetuates the current lifeworld in which they find themselves, seeking to improve the quality of the services provided. It is proposed that an overly emphasised desire satisfaction culture inhibits the edifying mission of universities. This is not to argue against high-quality service provision but to differentiate it from the edifying role of personal challenge, determination and social responsibility, conceptualised here as profound happiness or contentment, and the university’s role in its development. It calls for a different and more refreshing approach to higher education. 相似文献
16.
知识经济时代对高校办公室人员的要求 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
徐晓艳 《泰州职业技术学院学报》2002,2(4):118-120
知识经济时代不同于农业经济与工业经济时代，它对高校办公室工作人员提出了新的要求，要求高校办公室工作人员有多种意识，即政治敏锐意识、创新意识、终身学习意识、团结协作意识、服务意识、效率意识、公关意识、竞争意识，才能更好地服务于学校的改革与发展。 相似文献
17.
Michael N. Bastedo 《Higher Education Quarterly》2007,61(2):155-170
Since the well‐known failures of many experimental colleges and programs in the 1960s and 1970s, policymakers and scholars are often cynical about the possibilities for organisational innovation, particularly within public universities. Public university innovation is possible, however, when organisational actors seek to institutionalise reform and use the legitimacy of reform to obtain adequate human and financial resources. An illustrative case study of California State University at Monterey Bay is used to describe how institutionalisation processes can be used to establish, support and expand public university innovation, which may be increasingly crucial to meet political and competitive demands for university adaptation. 相似文献
18.
Robin Middlehurst 《Tertiary Education and Management》2013,19(1):15-24
This paper examines the performance of Thai public universities in terms of efficiency, using a non‐parametric approach called data envelopment analysis. Two efficiency models, the teaching efficiency model and the research efficiency model, are developed and the analysis is conducted at the faculty level. Further statistical analyses are also performed to examine the difference in performance between two types of public universities, namely the government universities and the autonomous universities. Then, the differences in efficiency between university locations and types of faculties are examined. The results indicate that the autonomous universities outperform the government universities in terms of research efficiency. In addition, the universities in provincial areas and the faculties in the health science group are efficient in terms of teaching. Recommendations are also provided for the university administrators to improve the performance of public universities in Thailand. 相似文献
19.
1978年以来,我国高校办学自主权成为政府与大学关系的核心问题。梳理改革开放以来国家正式制度中涉及中国高校自主权的主要政策与法规文本,发现改革开放四十年高校办学自主权"回归"演进中有五个不同历史阶段:第一阶段,1978—1985年,以政府颁布《中共中央关于教育体制改革的决定》为标志,面对思想解放,提出高校办学自主权"回归";第二阶段,1986—1993年,以政府颁布《中国教育改革和发展纲要》为标志,面对思想纷争,争取市场主体地位与更多"名义"自主权;第三阶段,1994—1998年,以全国人大颁布《高等教育法》为标志,面对两轨体制的转型困境,确认高校法人地位与有限自主权的"名义"法律保障,在招生就业体制、投资体制、管理体制改革等领域高校办学自主权迈出制度性突破;第四阶段,1999—2011年,以政府颁布《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010—2020年)》为标志,原有涉及多方利益的存量改革固化,改革增量创新难度加剧,造成高校行政权力与学术权力之困,也迫使学校寻求自主权确权的制度创新;第五阶段,2012—2017年,以十九大报告《决胜全面建成小康社会,夺取新时代中国特色社会主义伟大胜利》为标志,面对全球治理浪潮,政府简政放权,探索确立完善现代大学制度与大学治理结构,碎片化自主权"回归"诉求转换为整体现代大学制度建设。高校自主权的演进始于突破计划经济管理体制、纠结于转型中的两轨制、转换于公共治理理念框架的实践,这将改变政府与学校就办学自主权的"分权"或"放权"的"线性"循环局限,转入到参与大学办学相关利益方关于权利、义务、责任、理念的制度重塑与学术生态培育的新阶段。 相似文献
20.
大学公共危机是指由大学组织发起的,能够导致大学组织或社会失序的重大群体性事件。大学公共危机对社会和大学组织自身具有较大的冲击性。大学公共危机的诱因源于大学与政府之间的价值冲突,这种价值冲突在大学的组织偏好等因素作用下最终催生了大学的公共危机。由于大学与政府各自的组织性质使双方的价值冲突在所难免,所以,大学公共危机治理的最佳路径选择就是制度化治理。 相似文献