共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Irene Rodríguez-Gómez Soraya Martín-Manjarrés María Martín-García Sara Vila-Maldonado Ángel Gil-Agudo Luis M. Alegre 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(7):717-725
Spinal cord injury (SCI) derives in loss of bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD). However, physical activity is an important determinant in bone mass acquisition, which is partially mediated through the lean mass (LM). The aim was to examine the effect of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) on BMD and BMC arms of adult males with SCI and able-bodied controls using the arm LM as a mediator variable. Thirty able-bodied men and thirty men with SCI participated. BMC and BMD were analysed by DXA, and indirect calorimetry was used to calculate VO2peak during a progressive arm-cranking test. When groups were divided by the amount of LM, the subgroup with highest LM had significantly higher arm BMC compared to the lowest LM subgroup (p ≤ 0.05) in both SCI and able-bodied groups. Moreover, same differences were found when confidence intervals were analysed. Only in the SCI group, arm LM mediated the relationship between bone mass and CRF at 30.9%, as indicated by the Sobel test (z = 2.17 and z = 2.04 for BMC and BMD, respectively). In conclusion, LM mediates the indirect association between CRF and bone health, specifically in the arms. This finding highlights the importance of having an adequate CRF for the maintenance of good bone health in SCI men. 相似文献
2.
长期从事专项运动训练和教学的老年男性骨质水平与专业特点研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用双能X 线吸收法,对青少年时期进行过专项训练及其后从事专项教学的健康老年男性进行了骨密度测试。结果显示:技能类组受试者双臂骨密度和骨矿物质含量明显高于体能类组受试者,且技能类组受试者主力臂骨矿物质含量明显高于非主力臂。提示:不同体育专项训练和教学不会给老年男性整体承重部位的骨密度和骨矿物质含量带来差异;从事技能类组项目的训练和教学对老年男性主要受力部位的骨矿物质影响较大。 相似文献
3.
Esther Ubago-Guisado Alejandro Martinez-Rodriguez Leonor Gallardo Javier Sánchez-Sánchez 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):1176-1186
The accumulation of bone mass during puberty is related with bone health in adulthood. This accumulation is influenced by diverse factors such as body mass index (BMI), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), hours of training and years of sport practice. For this reason, the objective of this study is to analyse the influence of these variables on bone mass in young female athletes. The sample is formed of 120 healthy girls with ages between 9 and 13 (11.32?±?1.6?years old), divided into two groups depending on their BMI, VO2 max, hours of training and years of sport practice. The participants completed a series of tests to evaluate level of sexual development, body composition (fat mass, lean mass and bone mass) and physical condition. The results show higher values of total lean mass, total fat mass and percentage of body fat in the groups with higher BMI in prepubertal girls and pubertal girls (p?2 max, in the prepubertal group, girls with lower VO2 max had higher values of total fat mass (p?p?2 max also showed a higher total fat mass (p?相似文献
4.
Virginia A. Aparicio Pilar Ruiz-Cabello Milkana Borges-Cosic Ana Andrade Irene Coll-Risco Pedro Acosta-Manzano 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(9):880-887
This study aimed to analyse the association of different components of physical fitness, body composition, cardiometabolic markers and the Mediterranean diet with bone mineral density (BMD) in perimenopausal women, and to test which of these components are independently associated with BMD. The sample comprised 197 perimenopausal women (52.6 ± 4.5 years). Physical fitness was assessed with the “Senior Fitness Test” battery and the handgrip strength and Bruce tests. Fat and lean mass and BMD were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. We analysed the markers of metabolic syndrome, C-reactive protein, and components of the Mediterranean diet. Handgrip muscle strength (β = 0.212, P = 0.005), body weight (β = 0.244, P = 0.001), BMI (β = 0.180, P = 0.011) and lean mass (β = 0.379, P < 0.001) were positively associated with BMD. No associations were observed between cardiometabolic markers or the Mediterranean diet with BMD (all P > 0.05). When all relevant indicators of BMD were simultaneously considered, lean mass was the only 1 showing an independent association with BMD (β = 0.392, P < 0.001), explaining 14% of the BMD variability. In conclusion, muscle strength might be a marker of BMD in perimenopausal women. However, lean mass was the only factor independently associated with BMD. Future research to determine whether increasing lean mass through specific exercise-based interventions contributes to increasing BMD is warranted. 相似文献
5.
用DEXA 技术测量体成分及可行性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用DEXA技术测量人体成分，并对测量的瘦体重，脂肪含量与骨矿物质含量进行了相关分析，结果显示，受试者全身骨矿物质含量与全身瘦体重，脂肪含量，体重均呈中度正相关关系，双臂骨矿物质含量与双臂瘦体重，脂肪含量呈高度正相关关系，双腿骨矿物质含量与双腿瘦体重呈高度正相关关系，与双腿脂肪含量呈中度相关关系，躯干骨矿物质含量与躯干瘦体重呈中度正相关关系，与躯干脂肪含量呈低度正相关关系，全身及各个部位的骨矿物质含量与相应部位的体成分的相关分析表明，用DEXA技术进行身体成分的研究是有可行的。 相似文献
6.
M. Plaza-Carmona G. Vicente-Rodríguez A. Gómez-Cabello M. Martín-García J. Sánchez-Sánchez L. Gallardo 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(7):877-883
Objectives: The main aim of this study was to compare the bone mass of female football players with controls of different pubertal stages. Methods: Sixty five girls aged 8–14 years (10.14?±?0.1, Tanner stages I–IV) participated in the study. Twenty participants were prepubertal (10 prepubertal control) and 45 peripubertal (15 peripubertal control). All footballers trained two days per week while the control group did not perform regular physical activity outside of school. Body composition was assessed by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Analysis of covariance was performed to evaluate differences in lean and bone masses. Results: Significant differences in lower-body extremities lean mass (LLM) between peripubertal groups were found (P?P?P?Conclusion: Female footballers showed higher bone and lean masses compared to control counterparts; these differences are already detectable at prepubertal ages and more consistent after pubertal spurt. 相似文献
7.
女子手球运动员骨密度值的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用测试方法,对国家女子手球队运动员(运动组)和非运动专业女生(对照组)的骨密度及某些身体指标进行对比分析.结果显示,运动组具有较高桡、尺骨骨矿密度BMD和骨矿含量BMC值,与对照组比较,有显著性差异(p＜0.001);同时,运动组与对照组BMC等值,和身高、体重及体重派生指标具有较高的相关性.结果提示,身高、体重等可影响骨密度值的大小,运动能提高骨密度. 相似文献
8.
9.
Abstract Body composition is a key consideration in the physical make-up of professional soccer players. The aims of the present study were to determine whether the body composition of professional soccer players varied according to playing position, international status or ethnicity, and to establish which variables best distinguished the soccer players from a reference group. Body composition was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in 64 male professional soccer players. Measured variables included bone mineral density and the relative amounts of lean and fat mass. Data were analysed using analysis of variance and stepwise discriminant function. The soccer players recorded better values than a reference group (n = 24) for all body composition compartments. Percent lean mass and bone mineral density were the variables best able to identify the soccer players (95.5% correctly classified). Differences in body composition were evident between goalkeepers and outfield players, but not between outfield playing positions. No differences were found on the basis of international status. The non-Caucasian players demonstrated significantly lower percent body fat (9.2 ± 2.0%) than the Caucasian players (10.7 ± 1.8%). It was concluded that body composition is important for elite soccer players, but that homogeneity between players at top professional clubs results in little variation between individuals. 相似文献
10.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(5):1-15
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of muscle strength, trainingspecific and anthropometric parameters on bone mineral density (BMD) in male top athletes of different sports in comparison to untrained controls. BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in 173 males, aged 18 to 31 years. Of these, 104 were athletes (runners, n = 21; cyclists, n = 12; triathletes, n = 18), heavy athletes (HA, judo and wrestling, n = 28), and team sport athletes (TS, handball, soccer, basketball, volleyball, n = 25); 44 were unspecifically trained sport students (STU); and 25 were untrained controls (UT). Sport- and group-specific differences were found in anthropometric but not strength parameters. Marked sport- and group-specific differences were found for BMD at lumbar spine (LSP) and the femoral sites (FEM). Group-specific effects on BMD were clearest when calculating percentual differences between BMD of athletes and UT: In group I (HA, TS, and STU), BMD at LSP and FEM were significantly (p < .01) higher compared to UT; in group II (R and TRI), BMD at FEM but not at LSP was higher compared to UT (p <.01); and in group III (C), no BMD value was significantly different from UT. Multiple regression analysis revealed lean body mass to be the strongest predictor for BMD at LSP and FEM. We conclude that mechanical loads have strong effects on bone adaptation. Sport-specific and body region-specific effects have to be taken into account for evaluation of osteogenic effects of exercise. Particularly dynamic sports with short, high, and multidimensional loads have the strongest effects on bone formation, independent of training quantity. 相似文献
11.
目的利用身体形态、体力活动和超声骨指标来预测超重和肥胖者的下肢骨密度、脊柱骨密度和全身骨密度。方法选取超重和肥胖男性受试者138名(年龄50.9±9.6岁;BMI29.1±2.6 kg/m^2),随机测量其身体形态(身高、体重、BMI、胸围和腰围等)、体力活动(握力、纵跳和肺活量等)和超声骨指标(超声声速和传播指数)。骨密度使用双能X线吸收测定法进行测量。使用Stepwise逐步回归法构建下肢骨密度、脊柱骨密度和全身骨密度的预测模型。结果多元线性回归分析显示,所构建的模型都能够有效地预测受试者的骨密度。其中,下肢骨密度预测模型的拟合度最高。Bland-Altman定量测量结果一致性分析表明,下肢骨密度、脊柱骨密度和全身骨密度的实测值与预测值具有显著的相关性(r=0.35,r=0.60,r=0.31;P<0.001)。结论研究所构建的模型可以有效预测不同年龄、肥胖程度和体力活动水平男性的下肢骨密度、脊柱骨密度和全身骨密度,适用于大规模人群的骨质疏松症筛查与早期防治。 相似文献
12.
目的 探讨小学儿童体力活动与身体素质、骨密度的关联,为促进小学儿童体质健康干预策略提供理论基础.方法 通过ActiGraph GT3X+型加速度计与CM-200超声骨密度仪分别对扬州市某小学313名六年级学生进行体力活动水平与骨密度的测量,最后对小学儿童身体素质指标进行测试.结果 与结论男孩的MVPA与50m跑、1mi... 相似文献
13.
运动对人体骨密度的影响及其进展研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
骨密度(BMD)是评价人体骨健康的一个重要指标,随着生活水平的提高,人类老龄化人口的增加,骨质疏松及其引起的骨折已严重影响人们的正常生活。影响骨密度的因素有很多,在现代技术仪器的推动下,不断地完善骨密度的影响因素。其中运动就是影响骨密度的一个重要因素。文章运用文献资料法,重点讨论骨密度的影响因素和运动对骨密度的影响,并对其进行了综述。研究众多文献发现,骨密度值的高低对人体骨骼起着十分重要的作用,并且运动是提高骨密度最健康、最实用的理疗法之一。 相似文献
14.
冬泳运动对男性老年入骨代谢的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
杜晓萍 《沈阳体育学院学报》2004,23(6):810-811
采用单光子骨密度仪测量桡骨远端的BW、BMC和BMD,用生化测量及放免测定仪定量分析血清中Ca、P、BGP、T和E2含量。对50例坚持冬泳3年以上男性老年人与50例非冬泳者作对照研究,对其结果用SPSS8 0统计软件进行统计分析。结果表明:冬泳组桡骨远端的BMD和BMC较对照组增高(P<0 05),而BW无差异(P>0 05);血清中BGP、T和E2值也较对照组显著增高(P<0 05),而Ca和P的含量没有明显改变(P>0 05)。结论:长期坚持冬泳运动,可以预防骨质疏松。 相似文献
15.
采用文献法资料法和实验法调查119名中等职业学校学生（以下简称中职生）（16～18岁）的骨密度（bone mineral density,BMD）和参加运动的情况。结果显示男性运动组与不运动组BMD值有显著差异性。女性中职生运动组有使骨密度增加的趋势。运动时间长、运动频率高的组别BMD也高。男性每日运动时间大于1h组与小于1h组的BMD值具有显著性差异。结论：运动对BMD有积极影响,运动频率大于3次／周及每日运动时间超过1h对BMD的影响最为明显。 相似文献
16.
大负荷运动对大鼠血清OPG、sRANKL、骨代谢及骨量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究大负荷运动对大鼠血清OPG、sRANKL、骨代谢生化因子(OC、ALP和TRAP)、骨密度(BMD)和骨量(BMC)的影响,20只6周龄大鼠随机分成2组:①对照组(Control group,CtrG)10只;②7周大负荷训练组(Overtraining group,OtrG)10只:进行7周的跑台训练。实验结束后所有大鼠处死并测定血清OPG、sRANKL、骨钙素(OC)、骨碱性磷酸酶(ALP)及抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)。同时测定股骨、腰椎BMD、BMC。结果表明经过7周大负荷运动训练,OtrG组大鼠股骨BMC、BMD及腰椎BMC明显低于CtrG组大鼠。OtrG组大鼠血清OPG水平明显低于CtrG组,而sRANKL却高于CtrG组大鼠,OPG/sRANKL比率下降。OtrG组血清OC、ALP和TRAP明显高于CtrG组。研究提示过度运动导致OPG/sRANKL比例下降可能是骨代谢率增快、骨量丢失的重要原因。 相似文献
17.
优秀女子健身运动员体成分及其分布特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用先进“Biospace”身体成份分析仪 ,通过对优秀女子健身运动员体成分特征其分布特征的研究 ,发现 :优秀女子健身运动员体脂及比率、体脂 /体重比值、肥胖度、腹部脂肪比率、总体液及比率、躯干体液及比率与正常人无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ;蛋白质及比率、瘦体重及比率、无脂体重及比率、无机质含量及比率均高于正常人 ,且具有非常显著性差异 (P <0 0 1) ;细胞内液、细胞内液 /外液比值均高于正常人 ,具有显著性差异 (P<0 0 5 )。细胞外液及比率低于正常人 ,具有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 ) 相似文献
18.
体育运动对人体骨密度的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
近年来,体育运动对骨密度的影响日益受到人们的关注,通过文献综述法,从体育锻炼对不同年龄人群BMD的影响、不同运动方式对骨密度的影响两方面对其进行阐述。 相似文献
19.
Esther Ubago-Guisado Alba Gómez-Cabello Javier Sánchez-Sánchez Jorge García-Unanue Leonor Gallardo 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(16):1710-1718
The aim of this study was to analyse whether there are differences in bone mass in girls playing different sports. Two hundred girls (10.6 ± 1.5 years old, Tanner stages I–III) participated in the study and were divided into groups of 40 (swimmers, soccer players, basketball players, handball players and controls). Bone mineral content and bone mineral density (BMD) (whole body and hip) were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The degree of sexual development was determined using Tanner test, and physical activity habits were recorded through a questionnaire designed ad hoc for this research. Girls were divided by pubertal stage and the type of sport. In the prepubertal group, intertrochanteric BMD was significantly higher in both handball and soccer players compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, in the pubertal group, total BMD, mean arms BMD, pelvis BMD, femoral neck BMD, intertrochanteric BMD and Ward’s triangle BMD were significantly higher in soccer and handball players compared with the control group (P < 0.05), and the swimmers showed significantly higher values in the mean arms BMD compared with the control group (P < 0.01). Our data suggest that sport practice during puberty, especially in activities that support the body weight, may be an important factor in achieving a high peak bone mass and improving bone health in girls. 相似文献
20.
不同锻炼水平女生骨密度和身体成分的相关研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的：探讨不同锻炼水平女大学生骨密度（BMD）和身体成分的相关关系。方法：利用骨密度仪和人体成分分析仪对体育学院的女大学生28名（规律锻炼组）,非体育学院同年级的29名（对照组）进行跟踪测定骨密度和身体成分。结果：规律锻炼组骨密度T值、体重、肌肉和瘦体重（FFM）高于对照组（P〈0．05）,脂肪百分比（fat％）、腰臀比（WHR）低于对照组（P〈0．05）;骨密度T值与肌肉、FFM呈显著性正相关;与fat％呈显著性负相关。逐步回归分析表明,对女大学生骨密度T值有影响的因素为肌肉和fat％。结论：规律锻炼提高女大学生骨密度水平主要是通过运动增加肌肉水平来实现的;而体脂在体重中的比重增加会降低骨密度。 相似文献