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1.
邵洪伟 《山东教育学院学报》2009,24(4):93-95
通过长春市戊型肝炎流行病学调查,了解长春市戊肝病毒在动物与人群中的感染情况为戊肝防治提供宝贵的参考资料。对长春市采集的动物血清包括猪820份、牛506份、羊273份及人血清,包括农村饲养猪人群182份、农村非饲养猪人群102份,城镇人群546份,采用戊肝病毒抗原及抗体试剂盒检测血清中的病毒抗原及抗体。结果感染率分别为猪72.80%、牛11.86%、羊10.26%、农村饲养猪人群20.88%、农村非饲养猪人群15.38%、城镇人群4.58%。结果表明戊肝病毒在长春市的动物及人群中均有流行,且猪HEV感染比牛和羊及人都普遍,农村饲养猪人群和农村非饲养猪人群感染率都远高于普通人群,为戊肝是人畜共患病提供有力证据。 相似文献
2.
间接血凝试验(IHA)检测肝片形吸虫病的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以肝片形吸虫成虫虫体制备的纯化抗原为诊断液,采用间接血凝试验(IHA)检测了40只山羊和160头牛血清,并与粪便检查法作平行试验。结果显示肝片形吸虫阳性检出率,IHA法为12.00%,粪便检查法为9.00%。与粪检结果相比,总的血清阳性符合率为62.50%,其中牛为57.14%,山羊为100.00%;总的血清阴性符合率为98.29%,其中牛为97.85%,山羊为100.00%。结论:IHA适合于大规模的血清流行病学调查,可以快速的筛选出大量的阴性样品。 相似文献
3.
目的：掌握泌尿生殖道感染者支原体感染状况及其耐药情况,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法：对785例患者进行泌尿生殖道支原体培养和药敏试验。结果：785例患者支原体阳性率为47．1％,其中单纯Uu阳性率35．2％,单纯Mh阳性1．3％,Uu＋Mh混合感染10．6％。男性感染率为29．3％,女性感染率为62．6％,女性支原体感染率高于男性（P〈0．05）。12种检测药物中,Uu对美满霉素最敏感,而耐药率最高的是环丙沙星。结论：泌尿生殖道支原体感染以Uu为主,临床治疗可首选美满霉素。 相似文献
4.
实验选择12头、2-3岁、体重300-500kg雄性去势水牛,经粪便检查和DotELISA检查肝片吸虫阴性,随机分成感染组(n=9)和对照组(n=3),感染组每头一次口服1600个囊蚴.每周定时分别从水牛颈静脉采集感染前0周和感染后25周血液一次,分离血清,测定血清中的钾、钙、钠、镁、磷、氯等无机盐的含量,旨在研究感染肝片吸虫对水牛机体无机盐含量的影响.结果表明感染后水牛血清中的钾、钠、钙、镁、磷、氯的含量均成波状线变化,说明肝片吸虫感染后机体无机盐含量发生了不同程度的变化,这与虫体感染后机体的代谢发生改变有关. 相似文献
5.
目的：了解大学生足部真菌的带菌状况,对培养出来的真菌进行病原学研究及为临床预防和治疗提供依据。方法：对262名自愿受检大学生用棉签对其足部进行涂擦,然后将标本直接镜检,同进进行真菌培养,对培养出来的真菌进行菌种鉴定。结果：262份标本中,共分离出397株真菌,阳性率为74．04％,其中男生为71．8％,女生为77．4％,男、女生真菌携带率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。所分到的菌株中,皮肤癣菌113株,占28．4％（113／397）;酵母属114株,占28．7％（114／397）;其他未能分类多细胞真菌23株,占5．8％（23／397）。多细胞真菌在男、女生中的携带率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;酵母菌在男、女生中的携带率分别为35．2％、55．7％,差异有统计学意义（Х^2=10．6904,P〈0.01）。大学生群体中,足部真菌病的发病率为11．1％。结论：大学生足部真菌的携带率较高,男、女生差异不明显,但总体发病率相对较低。多细胞真菌、酵母菌的携带率在人群中的整体分布无明显差异,但酵母菌在女生中的携带率明显高于男生。 相似文献
6.
对长江流域安徽省境内黄鳝体内寄生虫的感染情况进行初步调查,共检出6种寄生蠕虫,其中新棘衣棘头虫感染率最高（41.8％）,其次是鳗鲡独孤吸虫（3.5％）、大型多钩槽绦虫（3.5％）、胃瘤线虫（3.3％）、锯缘叶形吸虫（1.1％）、幼旋尾线虫（0.8％）.新棘衣棘头虫的感染率与黄鳝体长相关,并随季节变化而变化.黄鳝体长小于32.5 cm时,新棘衣棘头虫感染率最低（18.52％）;体长在37.5～42.4 cm时,新棘衣棘头虫感染率最高（46.61％）.新棘衣棘头虫对黄鳝感染率春季最低,秋季感染率最高.黄鳝采集的6个地点寄生虫感染的种类、感染率、感染强度均有所不同.2种寄生虫共感染黄鳝情况较常见,而3种寄生虫共感染比例较低. 相似文献
7.
目的：了解面部皮肤病患者蠕形螨感染情况．方法：采用挤粘结合法对大连市２１０名面部皮肤病患者进行蠕形螨感染调查．结果：总感染率为９１．９０％，男女感染率和感染度间无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；男女皮肤病患者均以重度感染多见，且感染率有随年龄的增长而增高的趋势；毛囊蠕形螨为优势螨种；蠕形螨面部寄生部位正确排序为鼻、额、下颌、颊部；不同职业间蠕形螨感染有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），以学生感染率最低为碎６９．５７％，以工人、服务行业从业人员感染率最高，分别为９７．３０％和９６．８８％． 相似文献
8.
ObjectiveResearch investigating the impact of child sexual abuse (CSA) in community samples of adolescents has been limited. This study aims to identify sexual abuse among ethnically diverse high school adolescents of both genders and evaluate their psycho-emotional consequences.MethodThrough the use of self-report instruments, a sample of 223 Latino and European American 16–19-year-old high school students were identified as either victims of CSA or as nonabused. The emotional impact of sexual abuse was also investigated among these ethnically diverse adolescent males and females.ResultsInitial findings revealed that those adolescents who gave inconsistent responses to CSA assessments questions were much more similar in patterns of psychological distress to CSA victims compared to nonabused teenagers. Prevalence analyses revealed that females (45%) were nearly two times more likely to report CSA than males (24%). Latinos (44%) were significantly more likely to experience CSA compared to European Americans (27%), and Latinas (54%) had the highest prevalence overall. Other findings indicated substantial differences in type of perpetrator. While female victims of CSA identified male perpetrators in 91.9% of cases, male victims of CSA identified female perpetrators in 52.9% of cases. Consistent with past research, sexually abused adolescents reported significantly greater psychological distress than their nonabused peers, regardless of gender or ethnic group. Gender differences emerged with females reporting greater psychological symptoms, but these differences were substantially reduced when CSA was controlled. European Americans reported greater anxious arousal symptoms compared to Latinos.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the prevalence of CSA among adolescents is higher than existing research has noted for both males and females and particularly higher for Latinos compared to European Americans. Perpetration by females upon males may also be higher than research has noted. Our findings also revealed many ethnic and gender similarities and fewer differences in the psychological impact and circumstances of sexual abuse in this diverse sample of adolescents.Practice implicationsThe high prevalence of CSA among adolescent males and particularly Latinas emphasize the need to intervene on a community level and with parents for both prevention and intervention regarding issues of sexual victimization. The numbers of female perpetrators, especially when boys are the targets of abuse, may be higher than previously imagined and thus must be assessed tactfully and thoroughly. This study found that adolescents who reported CSA inconsistently had similar symptoms as those with confirmed CSA and therefore warrant greater attention and more persistent intervention. When treating victims of CSA, the Trauma Symptom Inventory (TSI) is effective in identifying specific areas of emotional distress to treat in sexually abused ethnically diverse male and female adolescents. Culturally relevant prevention efforts are needed for ethnically diverse children of both genders. 相似文献
9.
目的：了解芒市地区女性生殖道支原体感染情况及耐药情况。方法：采集932例女性宫颈分泌物标本分别做支原体培养及药物敏感性分析。结果：从932例标本中,检出支原体636例,阳性率为68.2%（636/932）,其中解脲脲原体单项感染447例,阳性率48.0%（447/932）,人型支原体单项感染8例,阳性率0.9%（8/932）,解脲脲原体和人型支原体混合感染182例,阳性率19.5%（182/932）。结论：当地女性生殖道支原体的感染率较高,且以解脲脲原体为主,环丙沙星和红霉素耐药率较高,推荐使用交沙霉素和美满霉素。 相似文献
10.
月鳢血液的研究及其与性别的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对月鳢血细胞的显微结构、数量、大小,核的大小,白细胞的分类计数及血红蛋白含量等方面进行了观察、测定,并进行了雌雄两性比较。结果表明,月鳢的血红蛋白量为（8.06±1.78）g/100ml;红细胞数量值为222.52±57.53（10^4/mm^3）;白细胞数量值为2.25±0.51（10^4/mm^3）;白细胞分类计数中淋巴细胞占（68.78±4.68）%,单核细胞占（8.42±1.78）%,血栓细胞占（7.59±5.54）%,嗜中性粒细胞占（15.53±5.54）%;红细胞大小（长径×短径）为（12.64±0.48）μm×（7.44±0.30）μm;红细胞核大小（长径×短径）为（6.02±0.29）μm×（1.89±0.14）μm。性别对血细胞的形态结构及血液指标无显著影响。 相似文献
11.
目的:探讨HBsAg、HBeAg阳性孕妇外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)内乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)DNA感染状况及其在宫内母婴垂直传播中的作用.方法:对HBsAg/HBeAg双阳性共67对孕妇及其新生儿静脉血分离和提纯PBMC后,经抽提、纯化后的DNA进入PCR扩增反应,引物为HBV C区基因序列.结果:67名HBsAg及HBeAg双阳性的孕妇中有35例(52.2%)PBMC中HBV DNA阳性,25例孕妇在血清及PBMC中均发现HBV DNA.67名新生儿有22例感染HBV DNA,感染率32.8%,其中血清HBV DNA阳性者10例,PBMC HBVDNA阳性者19例,二者均阳性者7例.结论:母亲PBMC内HBV DNA阳性可能导致新生儿PBMC中HBV DNA阳性,PBMC内的HBV DNA可能是HBV母婴垂直传播的一条重要途径,同时,HBsAg及HBeAg阳性母亲若血清HBV DNA为阳性就极大增加了其新生儿感染HBV的危险性. 相似文献
12.
罪犯反社会人格障碍的调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用问卷法对866名罪犯进行反社会人格障碍调查,结果表明:(1)罪犯中反社会人格障碍发生率存在显著性别差异,男性罪犯高于女性罪犯。(2)罪犯中反社会人格障碍存在年龄差异,随着年龄增大,反社会人格障碍的发生率逐渐降低。18-24岁罪犯的反社会人格发生率最高,45岁及以上罪犯反社会人格障碍发生率最低。(3)罪犯中反社会人格障碍发生率在受教育程度上存在差异,大专及以上文化程度罪犯的反社会人格障碍发生率低于其他文化程度组。(4)未婚罪犯中反社会人格障碍发生率显著高于已婚和离异罪犯。(5)两次及多次入狱的累犯反社会人格障碍发生率显著高于初犯。 相似文献
13.
目的 :了解本校大学生蠕形螨感染状况 ,探讨蠕形螨感染与皮肤疾病的关系。方法 :采用透明胶带法对 10 37名在校大学生进行蠕形螨感染检查 ,同时观察其面部皮肤状况、询问与调查相关情况记录于调查表内。结果 :本校大学生蠕形螨感染率为 5 3.81% ,其中男生感染率 5 6 .5 0 % ,女生感染率 5 1.95 % ,两者之间差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;二年级、三年级、四年级学生感染率均大于一年级 (P <0 .0 1) ;面部有痤疮者、有脂溢性皮炎者、有毛囊炎或毛囊扩张者感染率均大于面部皮肤正常者 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;常混用他人日常用品者感染率大于不常混用他人日常用品者 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :本校区大学生蠕形螨感染较为普遍 ;蠕形螨感染是痤疮、脂溢性皮炎、毛囊炎等皮肤疾病的致病因素之一 ;通过日常用品间接感染是蠕形螨感染中一种重要的感染方式。 相似文献
14.
Resilience in Context: A Brief and Culturally Grounded Measure for Syrian Refugee and Jordanian Host‐Community Adolescents 
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下载免费PDF全文 Catherine Panter‐Brick Kristin Hadfield Rana Dajani Mark Eggerman Alastair Ager Michael Ungar 《Child development》2018,89(5):1803-1820
Validated measures are needed for assessing resilience in conflict settings. An Arabic version of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM) was developed and tested in Jordan. Following qualitative work, surveys were implemented with male/female, refugee/nonrefugee samples (N = 603, 11–18 years). Confirmatory factor analyses tested three‐factor structures for 28‐ and 12‐item CYRMs and measurement equivalence across groups. CYRM‐12 showed measurement reliability and face, content, construct (comparative fit index = .92–.98), and convergent validity. Gender‐differentiated item loadings reflected resource access and social responsibilities. Resilience scores were inversely associated with mental health symptoms, and for Syrian refugees were unrelated to lifetime trauma exposure. In assessing individual, family, and community‐level dimensions of resilience, the CYRM is a useful measure for research and practice with refugee and host‐community youth. 相似文献
15.
雌雄乌鳢可食部分主要营养成分的比较分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对雌雄乌鳢可食部分进行了基本营养成分比较分析.结果表明:雌性乌鳢肌肉、性腺、鳔鲜样中粗蛋白(18.89%,27.54%,19.43%)显著高于于雄性(17.63%,23.30%,17.97%;P<0.05),皮肤粗蛋白含量显著低于雄性(P<0.05),而各可食部分的水分含量雌雄显著不差异(P>0.05);乌鳢各样品中均测出18种氨基酸,其中雌性乌鳢性腺和鳔的氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量、风味氨基酸总量均显著高于雄性(P<0.05),雌雄乌鳢肌肉氨基酸组成差异不显著(P>0.05);雌雄乌鳢皮肤氨基酸含量差异不显著(P>0.05),但雌乌鳢皮肤必需氨基酸总量极显著低于雄性(P<0.01),风味氨基酸总量显著高于雄性(P<0.05);雌雄乌鳢肌肉、性腺均符合FAO/WHO营养评价理想模式,但皮肤、鳔不符合FAO/WHO对于膳食蛋白质营养评价理想模式.研究表明,乌鳢肌肉和性腺蛋白质的营养价值较高,皮肤和鳔的蛋白质营养价值较低. 相似文献
16.
辛春艳 《河北北方学院学报(医学版)》1992,(2)
本文接血型常规检验法检测了380名(男166人,女214人)河北籍汉族大学生的ABO血型。用X~2方法对男女及河北地区与兰州、湖北地区血型分布进行了统计学分析,并根据Hardyweiberg定律计算了IA、IB、i的基因频率,结果表明:河北地区汉族人群血型分布B>A>O>AB,男女间无显著差异;河北地区分别与兰州、湖北地区相比,河北地区与湖北地区在B型和O型血的分布存在极显著性差异(P<0.01);河北地区汉族人群IA、IB、i的基因频率分别为:0.2251,0.2722,0.5027.这些结果为河北地区群体遗传学的研究提供了参数。 相似文献
17.
In order to test the hypothesis that genetic influences are moreimportant as a cause of reading disability in girls than in boys,composite reading performance data from identical and fraternal twinpairs were analyzed using both concordance and multiple regressionmethods. The sample included 206 identical (99 male, 107 female), 159same-sex fraternal (90 male, 69 female), and 117 opposite-sex fraternaltwin pairs, in which at least one member of each pair had readingdifficulties. Although the difference between the concordance rates forreading disabilities in female identical and same-sex fraternal twinpairs was somewhat greater (65% for identical twins vs.32% for fraternal twins) than the difference in concordance ratesfor boys (68% vs. 39%), loglinear analysis of thesecategorical data revealed that the interaction between sex, zygosity,and concordance was not significant (p > 0.70). Moreover,the heritability of reading disability(h
2
g) estimated from regression analysisof the reading performance data in males was nearly identical to that infemales (h
2
g = 0.58 and 0.59,respectively; p > 0.90). Thus, results of this studyprovide little or no evidence for the hypothesis of greater geneticinfluence on reading difficulties in girls than in boys. 相似文献
18.
Beth Hands Garth Kendall Dawne Larkin Helen Parker 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》2009,56(4):317-331
The aetiology of mild motor disability (MMD) is a complex issue and as yet is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of perinatal risk factors in a cohort of 10‐year‐old boys and girls with (n = 362) and without (n = 1193) MMD. Among the males with MMD there was a higher prevalence of postpartum haemorrhage, caesarean section, low birth weight and stressful first year of life. Among the females with MMD, there was a higher prevalence of essential hypertension, anaemia and threatened pre‐term. Multivariable logistic regression revealed gender (male), anaemia, threatened pre‐term birth (if female) and hypertension (if female) weakly explained MMD at 10 years. These results underscore the importance of considering gender differences in order to better understand the multiple influences on motor development. 相似文献
19.
江西省高中一年级学生体质现状的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
涂相仁 《江西教育学院学报》2000,21(3):64-67
分析了江西省高中一年级学生的体质现状。方法利用1997年江西省普通高中体育教材试验对象的测试资料,样本为男生1060名,女生784名。结果发现学生的身体形态发育处于中等水平,男女生的身高、体重、胸围指标均低于全国同龄学生的平均水平(P>0．05);学生的身体机能状态欠佳,肺活量男女生均显著低于全国同龄学生的平均水平(P<0．05),脉搏和血压均值都在正常范围,学生近视发病率较高,为48．54％,且男生(37．20％)低于女生(52．68％);学生身体素质水平较低,基本能力差,力量、耐力尤为突出,体育不合格率达32．42％,且女生(43．23％)高于男生(26．60％)。提示对中学生的体育锻炼应有特殊的干预措施。 相似文献
20.
Concentrations of sex hormones in umbilical-cord blood: their relation to sex and birth order of infants. 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
In 3 groups of human newborns, 5 sex hormones were assayed from samples of umbilical-cord blood, and concentrations were analyzed by the sex and birth order of the infants. The 5 hormones assayed were testosterone, androstenedione, estrone, estradiol, and progesterone. Concentrations of testosterone were significantly greater in males than females. The other 4 hormones did not differ significantly by sex. In both sexes, firstborns had significantly more progesterone and estrogens, with progesterone showing the largest birth-order effects. Among male infants, firstborns had higher concentrations of testosterone. The higher concentrations of progesterone in firstborns of both sexes, and of testosterone in firstborn boys, were found not to be due to length of labor, birth weight, or maternal age. However, they were a function of temporal spacing of childbirths. Later borns who were closely spaced in relation to their next-older siblings had lower concentrations of hormones. The effect of temporal separation was greater on male than female infants for each of the 5 hormones studied. The results are discussed in terms of the possible effects of hormone "depletion" on the psychological development of closely spaced later borns. 相似文献