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1.
Science and Gaelic football: a review 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
This review focuses on Gaelic football and scientific reports of the characteristics of its players and the demands of the game. Anthropometric characteristics vary according to positional role, but top players display high muscularity and good all-round fitness at the peak of the competitive season. Match analysis indicates that exercise intensity is roughly equivalent to that for professional soccer. Average heart rates are approximately 160 beats x min(-1) during competitive matches, and average oxygen consumption is about 72% of maximum. Metabolic fatigue in active muscles is unlikely. Conventional biomechanical and electromyographic techniques are useful in gaining insight into individual games skills. Inadequate attention has been given to injury prevention and to psychological aspects of the game. Although possessing unique characteristics, Gaelic football has many similarities with other football codes, especially Australian Rules football where the ball is played by both hands and feet and where tackling is permitted. 相似文献
2.
《Sport in History》2013,33(3):426-452
This article examines the geography of Gaelic and Association football zones in Donegal between 1884 and 1934. It will illustrate where these sports were initially played and will show how, by the early twentieth century, soccer was the number one team game in the county. With the decline of competitive soccer in Donegal after 1915, a vacuum existed for the organisation of competitive structures for Gaelic football and the Donegal Gaelic Athletic Association county board was refounded in 1919, having run initially from 1905–1907. County championships were soon organised and these provided a competitive form of football on a regular basis as players could adapt to each code fairly easily. However, many local sports organisers in the north-east of the county were eager to continue with soccer and it was through the organisation of local leagues and cup competitions that they managed to do this. A deep tradition of soccer and strong connections with Derry city and Scotland also meant that association football received priority there. In contrast, by 1934, Gaelic football had become firmly entrenched in the south and south-west. The importance of local organisers within the county and the failure of both the Irish Football Association and the Football Association of the Irish Free State to develop soccer in this peripheral area will also be outlined. 相似文献
3.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(5):231-240
Abstract The two major sports indigenous to Ireland are Gaelic football and hurling. Both are 15-a-side field games played on a pitch 40% longer than a soccer field. They are firmly linked to a nationalist tradition and have by far the highest participation rates in sports in the country. Both games make multiple demands on participants due to their free-flowing nature and quick movement of play from end to end of the pitch. Hurling calls for hand–eye coordination and skilled use of the hurling stick in hitting and blocking the ball. Fitness characteristics mirror game demands. Participants at elite level in both games display high aerobic power, the footballers tending to be stronger in the upper body and better in vertical jumping. Gaelic footballers in particular match the fitness characteristics of professional soccer players, except for sprinting speed. Less attention has been paid to female participants, especially in camogie, the female version of hurling. Despite their amateur status, and due to the popularity of the sports and the training regimens adopted by players, the games have garnered sports science support systems for elite performers. Support personnel benefit from a generic knowledge base as well as a burgeoning research agenda targeted at the Gaelic games. 相似文献
4.
Neymar da Silva Santos Júnior’s transfer fee of 222 million euros clearly indicates that the lifeworld of professional football proves the well-known ideal of eleven friends, all from the same hometown, to be a romantic notion of the past. When players are measured by their market value, when clubs are capital investments and when football matches are marketed as spectacular events, the question arising no longer is whether amateur football and professional football have moved apart, but rather how big the gap has become. Is there still any connection between the lifeworld of amateur football and professional football or are these now disparate worlds? To answer this question it is essential to determine whether, despite the obvious invariants between amateur football and professional football, there is still a common core of the game that connects the two worlds. This core may be in the contingency of playing football as a specific form of result uncertainty and uncertainty in action, which are sought voluntarily and intentionally. The reward for the players is not to be found in the intended result (i.e. the victory) but in experiencing that the means taken to reach the aim (generally the movement actions of the players) gain in value to the extent where achieving the aim of the action is unpredictable. In 1995, Seel called this aesthetic value of actions in sport “a celebration of inability”. In conclusion, it is the telic of the autotelic that represents the constitutive prerequisite for the special fascination of football, and in this respect it is possible from a cultural perspective to assign educational value to the game of football. Football will continue to fascinate players as well as the spectators as long as its core—the telic of the autotelic—can be experienced in football’s various lifeworlds. 相似文献
5.
《运动与健康科学(英文)》2014,3(4):258-272
The number of scientific investigations on women's football specific to the topics of player characteristics and demands of the game has considerably increased in recent years due to the increased popularity of the women's game worldwide, although they are not yet as numerous as in the case of men's football. To date, only two scientific publications have attempted to review the main findings of studies published in this area. However, one of them was published about 20 years ago, when women's football was still in its infancy and there were only a few studies to report on. The other review was more recent. Nonetheless, its main focus was on the game and training demands of senior elite female players. Thus, information on female footballers of lower competitive levels and younger age groups was not included. Consequently, an updated review is needed in this area. The present article therefore aims to provide an overview of a series of studies that have been published so far on the specific characteristics of female football players and the demands of match-play. Mean values reported in the literature for age (12–27 years), body height (155–174 cm), body mass (48–72 kg), percent body fat (13%–29%), maximal oxygen uptake (45.1–55.5 mL/kg/min), Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (780–1379 m), maximum heart rate (189–202 bpm), 30 m sprint times (4.34–4.96 s), and counter-movement jump or vertical jump (28–50 cm) vary mostly according to the players' competitive level and positional role. There are also some special considerations that coaches and other practitioners should be aware of when working with female athletes such as the menstrual cycle, potential pregnancy and lactation, common injury risks (particularly knee and head injuries) and health concerns (e.g., female athlete triad, iron deficiency, and anemia) that may affect players' football performance, health or return to play. Reported mean values for total distance covered (4–13 km), distance covered at high-speed (0.2–1.7 km), average/peak heart rate (74%–87%/94%–99% HRmax), average/peak oxygen uptake (52%–77%/96%–98% VO2max), and blood lactate (2.2–7.3 mmol/L) during women's football match-play vary according to the players' competitive level and positional role. Methodological differences may account for the discrepancy of the reported values as well. Finally, this review also aims to identify literature gaps that require further scientific research in women's football and to derive a few practical recommendations. The information presented in this report provides an objective point of reference about player characteristics and game demands at various levels of women's football, which can help coaches and sport scientists to design more effective training programs and science-based strategies for the further improvement of players' football performance, health, game standards, and positive image of this sport. 相似文献
6.
在足球比赛中,球员的各种技战术行为都是受其意识支配,而思维意识又是建立在对比赛的各种信息的感知基础上的。对运动员在比赛中对足球场上信息的获取的主要方式:视觉观察、场上队友呼应及教练指导、直觉式思维及预判能力进行分析总结,并对影响因素进行探讨。 相似文献
7.
中国国家队男子足球运动员比赛中体能特征研究 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
足球运动员的体能是运动员比赛中正常发挥技战术水平的基础,对比赛期长时间高水平竞技能力的保持和伤病的预防也有重要的作用.采用文献法、实验法和数理统计法分析中国国家队运动员比赛中的体能特征,并且与国外优秀足球运动员进行对比分析,研究结果表明:足球比赛负荷量大,小负荷运动比例大.中国运动员在比赛中跑动距离与国外运动员差距并不明显,但是,前锋和中场运动员的跑动距离相对较少;比赛负荷具有阶段性.在90 min的比赛中负荷强度出现2个峰谷,即在30～45 min和60～75 min两个时间段.在第2个峰谷,中国队运动员的跑动距离处于整场比赛较低水平,可能会影响这一时间段的技战术能力发挥和场上的攻守平衡局面. 相似文献
8.
对高校五人制足球运动员比赛心理压力进行综合分析,并提出相应的心理调控训练方法,为高校＂五人制足球＂运动员及教练员在训练和比赛时的心理调控提供参考。 相似文献
9.
采用问卷调查、内隐联想测验探讨内隐攻击性和内隐自尊对足球运动员竞赛攻击性行为的影响.足球运动员在竞赛中存在着较为严重的竞赛攻击性行为,并表现出积极的内隐攻击性和一定的内隐自尊.研究结果表明内隐攻击性和内隐自尊可以作为预测竞赛攻击性行为的重要指标. 相似文献
10.
山东省青少年足球运动现状的调查与分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以参加 2 0 0 0年山东省青少年足球锦标赛的运动员为研究对象 ,对当前我省从事足球运动的青少年年龄结构、参赛人数和比赛成绩等方面进行了调查分析 ,认为我省青少年足球运动员年龄结构较理想 ,梯队建设较好 ,但各地市之间的普及和发展有失平衡 ,尖子运动员产出率偏低 ,赛场风气有待净化 ,运动员的综合素质有待提高 相似文献
11.
归化外籍球员是诸多国家发展本国足球的重要手段。中国足球归化外籍球员既是建设体育强国、发展体育产业、构建中国特色足球文化的需要,也是适应国际足坛发展趋势、借鉴亚洲足球强国成功经验“冲出亚洲”的需要。归化球员可在短期内提升中国足球的国际竞争力,逐步补齐体育强国建设中竞技体育项目的结构性短板,推动中国联赛走向繁荣,促进体育产业发展,同时,产生一定的“鲇鱼效应”,刺激本土老球员的“求生”本能,带动本土年轻球员成长,吸引更多青少年投身足球运动,夯实中国青训体系。在归化外籍球员过程中,应维护《国籍法》的安定性,坚持“一人一籍”的基本原则不动摇,同时推动3种归化模式协同并进,注重培养归化球员的文化认同,加强顶层设计,谨慎选择归化对象。 相似文献
12.
Marianne Brandt-Hansen 《Soccer & Society》2019,20(3):494-511
This article focuses on the passion of Danish elite-level female football players for the game and the challenges they face. How do they manage to combine the tough demands of a football life with the need for education? A quantitative survey (2010) was sent out to female players in the Danish 3F Ligaen and Danish national team players. The findings indicate challenges faced by players in pursuing their passion, as they struggle to combine everyday life, education and work with a football career, either as amateurs or on a playing contract. In the light of the Scandinavian sport model inspired by Victor Pestoff, we may be operating with a different form of elite in women’s football in Denmark. Future focal points for clubs and the Danish Football Association are to continue supporting the players’ passion for the game and Team Denmark’s focus on ‘the whole human being’ in athletes. 相似文献
13.
Uriya Shavit 《Soccer & Society》2019,20(2):271-287
Some of the biggest names in European football today are Muslims, and the game is considered an important force for integration. Observant Muslim players engage with conflicts between religious norms and football norms, including whether, according to Islamic law, playing football for a financial reward is permissible, whether it is permissible to defer fasting during Ramadan for the sake of playing and how to deal, within the context of a football team, with Islamic prohibitions on communal nudity and drinking alcohol. The aims of the article are twofold: (a) to present the religio-legal and cultural context of challenges Muslim players face and the spectrum of contesting opinions in Islamic law regarding these challenges; (b) and to explore the different choices Muslim players make when Islamic and football norms and practices collide, the dynamics leading to these choices and how they are justified. 相似文献
14.
AbstractDespite the large amount of research available on how engagement in football practice relates to future performance level among football players, similar information about the contribution of non-football activities is scarce. Based on data from 745 elite youth players this study aimed to identify the characteristics and contribution of diverse participation towards elite youth and senior professional status. The data were collected using a retrospective questionnaire where the players reported the amount of time spent in other sports than football, in addition to their perceived contribution of different non-football activities for developing football skills. The accumulated hours of time spent in other sports of players who had obtained a senior professional contract were compared to non-professional players, using multilevel modelling (n = 558), while a t-test compared the activity ratings to each other. No significant differences were identified between professional and non-professional players’ engagement history, but overall, the players rated sports similar to football to be significantly more relevant for developing football skills than other sports. The results suggests that spending time in non-football activities did not contribute to present differences in performance attainment in football, but also that potential advantages of such activities may be related to their characteristics. 相似文献
15.
奥运会足球赛参赛队员经历了杜绝参赛阶段、“非职业化”动摇阶段、全面职业化阶段。由于“非职业化”的原因,使奥运会足球赛的比赛不够激烈,观众越来越少。承办奥运会的经费压力和观众欣赏一流比赛的渴望,促使了奥运会足球赛参赛队员的职业化进程。 相似文献
16.
孙正绅 《西安体育学院学报》1994,(4)
头顶球技术在当今足球比赛中愈来愈受到教练员和运动员的重视，高速度、强对抗的整体型现代足球打法，使得比赛中激烈的争夺由地面发展到高空，头顶球技术是争夺高空的主要手段．本文拟对头顶大力踢出的足球时颅骨、颅脑的受力情况进行分析和研究，找到其不受损伤的理论依据，使初学者消除顾虑，结进行教学训练的教研者提供一些可靠的数据，以利于足球运动更广泛的开展和提高。 相似文献
17.
青少年球员的训练效果决定着其成年后的竞技能力,要提高青少年球员的训练水平,首先要完善青少年足球训练理念及其球员的管理理念。文章综述了青少年足球训练理念的核心内涵,对青少年的训练管理进行了评价,对青少年教练员的执教提出了相应建议。 相似文献
18.
《Sport Management Review》2020,23(3):536-547
The identification and development of players in English professional football has become an increasingly significant topic of debate given the historical perceived underperformance of the English national team at international tournaments. To enhance understanding of the challenges and barriers experienced by English youth footballers, the authors explore the developmental experiences of English professional football players from different levels of the English football pyramid. Professional players (N = 11) from football clubs in the top four professional divisions in England took part in individual semi-structured interviews, which were analysed inductively using thematic analysis. The data revealed three interrelated themes that were perceived to mediate player identification and development pathways at professional clubs. Pathways for young players to progress and experience first-team competitive football differed when the level of the league that the players operated within was considered, with significant issues also raised relating to the suitability of the under 21 league structure, the importance attached to the educational welfare of young players, and variations in the identification of player attributes. This study sheds new light on the priorities and processes of talent development and education provision in English football. 相似文献
19.
张文峰 《体育成人教育学刊》2007,23(2):50-51
基于现代足球运动的发展趋势,应细化职业足球队体能训练负荷的设计安排,并和身体状况测评二者有机地结合起来进行研究。长期以来,体能训练的不科学性,在很大程度上制约着我国男子足球运动员竞技能力的进一步提高。 相似文献
20.
伍炜 《体育科技文献通报》2007,15(6):94-95,98
在运动实践的基础上,结合文献资料研究的方法,对青少年足球运动员整体队形构建的优势和具体实施方案进行了分析与讨论。结果表明:整体队形的构建对青少年足球运动员认识和阅读比赛的能力有积极作用,为各梯队的衔接有着重要意义,技术与战术运用的合理性以及在强对抗下完成技战术是青少年足球运动整体队形构建应该着重考虑的因素。 相似文献