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1.
Since a 1997 review by Karageorghis and Terry, which highlighted the state of knowledge and methodological weaknesses, the number of studies investigating musical reactivity in relation to exercise has swelled considerably. In this two-part review paper, the development of conceptual approaches and mechanisms underlying the effects of music are explicated (Part I), followed by a critical review and synthesis of empirical work (spread over Parts I and II). Pre-task music has been shown to optimise arousal, facilitate task-relevant imagery and improve performance in simple motoric tasks. During repetitive, endurance-type activities, self-selected, motivational and stimulative music has been shown to enhance affect, reduce ratings of perceived exertion, improve energy efficiency and lead to increased work output. There is evidence to suggest that carefully selected music can promote ergogenic and psychological benefits during high-intensity exercise, although it appears to be ineffective in reducing perceptions of exertion beyond the anaerobic threshold. The effects of music appear to be at their most potent when it is used to accompany self-paced exercise or in externally valid conditions. When selected according to its motivational qualities, the positive impact of music on both psychological state and performance is magnified. Guidelines are provided for future research and exercise practitioners. 相似文献
2.
《International review of sport and exercise psychology》2013,6(1):44-66
Since a 1997 review by Karageorghis and Terry, which highlighted the state of knowledge and methodological weaknesses, the number of studies investigating musical reactivity in relation to exercise has swelled considerably. In this two-part review paper, the development of conceptual approaches and mechanisms underlying the effects of music are explicated (Part I), followed by a critical review and synthesis of empirical work (spread over Parts I and II). Pre-task music has been shown to optimise arousal, facilitate task-relevant imagery and improve performance in simple motoric tasks. During repetitive, endurance-type activities, self-selected, motivational and stimulative music has been shown to enhance affect, reduce ratings of perceived exertion, improve energy efficiency and lead to increased work output. There is evidence to suggest that carefully selected music can promote ergogenic and psychological benefits during high-intensity exercise, although it appears to be ineffective in reducing perceptions of exertion beyond the anaerobic threshold. The effects of music appear to be at their most potent when it is used to accompany self-paced exercise or in externally valid conditions. When selected according to its motivational qualities, the positive impact of music on both psychological state and performance is magnified. Guidelines are provided for future research and exercise practitioners. 相似文献
3.
Music in the exercise domain: a review and synthesis (Part I) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Since a 1997 review by Karageorghis and Terry, which highlighted the state of knowledge and methodological weaknesses, the number of studies investigating musical reactivity in relation to exercise has swelled considerably. In this two-part review paper, the development of conceptual approaches and mechanisms underlying the effects of music are explicated (Part I), followed by a critical review and synthesis of empirical work (spread over Parts I and II). Pre-task music has been shown to optimise arousal, facilitate task-relevant imagery and improve performance in simple motoric tasks. During repetitive, endurance-type activities, self-selected, motivational and stimulative music has been shown to enhance affect, reduce ratings of perceived exertion, improve energy efficiency and lead to increased work output. There is evidence to suggest that carefully selected music can promote ergogenic and psychological benefits during high-intensity exercise, although it appears to be ineffective in reducing perceptions of exertion beyond the anaerobic threshold. The effects of music appear to be at their most potent when it is used to accompany self-paced exercise or in externally valid conditions. When selected according to its motivational qualities, the positive impact of music on both psychological state and performance is magnified. Guidelines are provided for future research and exercise practitioners. 相似文献
4.
《International review of sport and exercise psychology》2013,6(1):67-84
Since a 1997 review by Karageorghis and Terry, which highlighted the state of knowledge and methodological weaknesses, the number of studies investigating musical reactivity in relation to exercise has swelled considerably. In this two-part review paper, the development of conceptual approaches and mechanisms underlying the effects of music are explicated (Part I), followed by a critical review and synthesis of empirical work (spread over Parts I and II). Pre-task music has been shown to optimise arousal, facilitate task-relevant imagery and improve performance in simple motoric tasks. During repetitive, endurance-type activities, self-selected, motivational and stimulative music has been shown to enhance affect, reduce ratings of perceived exertion, improve energy efficiency and lead to increased work output. There is evidence to suggest that carefully selected music can promote ergogenic and psychological benefits during high-intensity exercise, although it appears to be ineffective in reducing perceptions of exertion beyond the anaerobic threshold. The effects of music appear to be at their most potent when it is used to accompany self-paced exercise or in externally valid conditions. When selected according to its motivational qualities, the positive impact of music on both psychological state and performance is magnified. Guidelines are provided for future research and exercise practitioners. 相似文献
5.
Karageorghis CI Priest DL Terry PC Chatzisarantis NL Lane AM 《Journal of sports sciences》2006,24(8):899-909
In the present study, a measure to assess the motivational qualities of music in exercise was redesigned, extending previous research efforts (Karageorghis et al., 1999). The original measure, the Brunel Music Rating Inventory (BMRI), had shown limitations in its factor structure and its applicability to non-experts in music selection. Redesign of the BMRI used in-depth interviews with eight participants (mean age 31.9 years, s = 8.9 years) to establish the initial item pool, which was examined using a series of confirmatory factor analyses. A single-factor model provided a good fit across three musical selections with different motivational qualities (comparative fit index, CFI: 0.95-0.98; standardized root mean residual, SRMR: 0.03-0.05). The single-factor model also demonstrated acceptable fit across two independent samples and both sexes using one piece of music (CFI: 0.86-1.00; SRMR: 0.04-0.07). The BMRI was designed for experts in selecting music for exercise (e.g. dance aerobic instructors), whereas the BMRI-2 can be used both by exercise instructors and participants. The psychometric properties of the BMRI-2 are stronger than those of the BMRI and it is easier to use. The BMRI-2 provides a valid and internally consistent tool by which music can be selected to accompany a bout of exercise or a training session. Furthermore, the BMRI-2 enables researchers to standardize music in experimental protocols involving exercise-related tasks. 相似文献
6.
Xinyan Zheng 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(7):818-828
Dopamine (DA) has been widely investigated for its potential role in determining exercise performance. It was originally thought that DA's ergogenic effect was by mediating psychological responses. Recently, some studies have also suggested that DA may regulate physiological responses, such as thermoregulation. Hyperthermia has been demonstrated as an important limiting factor during endurance exercise. DA is prominent in the thermoregulatory centre, and changes in DA concentration have been shown to affect core temperature regulation during exercise. Some studies have proposed that DA or DA/noradrenaline (NA) reuptake inhibitors can improve exercise performance, despite hyperthermia during exercise in the heat. DA/NA reuptake inhibitors also increase catecholamine release in the thermoregulatory centre. Intracerebroventricularly injected DA has been shown to improve exercise performance through inhibiting hyperthermia-induced fatigue, even at normal ambient temperatures. Further, caffeine has been reported to increase DA release in the thermoregulatory centre and improves endurance exercise performance despite increased core body temperature. Taken together, DA has been shown to have ergogenic effects and increase heat storage and hyperthermia tolerance. The mechanisms underlying these effects seem to involve limiting/overriding the inhibitory signals from the central nervous system that result in cessation of exercise due to hyperthermia. 相似文献
7.
常波 《沈阳体育学院学报》2005,24(6):4-7
有关运动性疲劳产生的的机理及对它如何进行有效预防和消除的研究,一直是令运动医学工作者瞩目的前沿课题。运动性疲劳时出现的机体变化较为复杂,涉及物质代谢、神经、内分泌、免疫等各个方面。其中,神经递质、HPG轴与机体的物质代谢、运动能力及运动后的恢复密切相关。为此,从睾酮的生理作用和调节、神经递质、细胞因子和睾丸间质细胞的调控、反馈调节和运动对下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴的影响等层面,较系统地探讨运动与下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴之间的关系,为加快机体恢复,提高运动能力,以及科学训练提供理论依据。 相似文献
8.
常波 《沈阳体育学院学报》2005,24(5):7-11
有关运动性疲劳产生的的机理及对它如何进行有效预防和消除的研究,一直是令运动医学工作者瞩目的前沿课题。运动性疲劳时出现的机体变化较为复杂,涉及物质代谢、神经、内分泌、免疫等各个方面。其中,神经递质、HPG轴与机体的物质代谢、运动能力及运动后的恢复密切相关。为此,从睾酮的生理作用和调节、神经递质、细胞因子和睾丸间质细胞的调控、反馈调节和运动对下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴的影响等层面,较系统地探讨运动与下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴之间的关系,为加快机体恢复,提高运动能力,以及科学训练提供理论依据。 相似文献
9.
Equivocal results of the psychophysical effects of music have been explained in part by the insensitivity of researchers to important personal and situational variables when selecting music. The aim of the present study was to operationalize a conceptual framework for the prediction of psychophysical responses to music into a music rating inventory to assess the motivational qualities of music in exercise and sport environments. An initial item pool was developed and administered to 334 aerobics instructors. Exploratory factor analysis produced a 13-item, four-factor structure (association, musicality, cultural impact and rhythm response), which accounted for 59.2% of the variance. This model demonstrated acceptable fit indices when tested using confirmatory factor analysis on 314 exercise-to-music participants, and was better than an alternative two-factor model. When cross-validated using multisample confirmatory factor analysis, the model also showed an acceptable fit overall, although some invariance in the rhythm response factor was evident that can be attributed to the exclusive use of synchronous music by aerobics instructors. The Brunel Music Rating Inventory appears to be a valid and reliable tool for both researchers and practitioners to assess the motivational qualities of music in exercise and sport environments. 相似文献
10.
Equivocal results of the psychophysical effects of music have been explained in part by the insensitivity of researchers to important personal and situational variables when selecting music. The aim of the present study was to operationalize a conceptual framework for the prediction of psychophysical responses to music into a music rating inventory to assess the motivational qualities of music in exercise and sport environments. An initial item pool was developed and administered to 334 aerobics instructors. Exploratory factor analysis produced a 13-item, four-factor structure (association, musicality, cultural impact and rhythm response), which accounted for 59.2% of the variance. This model demonstrated acceptable fit indices when tested using confirmatory factor analysis on 314 exercise-to-music participants, and was better than an alternative two-factor model. When cross-validated using multisample confirmatory factor analysis, the model also showed an acceptable fit overall, although some invariance in the rhythm response factor was evident that can be attributed to the exclusive use of synchronous music by aerobics instructors. The Brunel Music Rating Inventory appears to be a valid and reliable tool for both researchers and practitioners to assess the motivational qualities of music in exercise and sport environments. 相似文献
11.
神经递质是由神经细胞分泌并作用于效应细胞,使其发生特异性的功能改变的一类活性物质。它是机体主要的调节途径之一,对人的行为、情绪和运动能力都有着至关重要的作用。神经递质分为4类,即单胺类、氨基酸类、肽类、其它类。其中单胺类神经递质是最先被发现的,同时也是研究的热点之一。近年来,神经递质与运动能力的相互关系日益受到人们的关注,国内外不少专家学者对此做了大量研究,并取得了一些成果。文章旨在探讨运动对单胺类神经递质代谢的影响,分析单胺类神经递质的作用和相互关系,为今后进一步的研究和应用提供理论依据。 相似文献
12.
健美操是一项在伴随着音乐的节奏的情况下,把身体的练习作为一种手段的能够对人的身形达到塑造和促进身体健康的一项有氧运动。而竞技健美操就是在健美操的基础上,对音乐节奏有更高的要求,并且要求练习者能够在音乐的伴奏下完成一系列复杂的高难度动作的体育活动。竞技健美操中的表象训练对一个健美操的练习者来说是必不可少的,因为它能够很好的调整舞者的心理素质。本文主要以山西省竞技健美操运动员为例,采用实验对比的方法介绍了何为表象训练,表象训练与竞技健美操训练之间的关系以及表象训练在竞技健美操训练中的应用分析。 相似文献
13.
Jack H. Wilmore 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):415-425
Abstract Body composition has become a major field of interest for many exercise and sport scientists as well as clinicians who specialize in the prevention of and rehabilitation from hypokinetic diseases. This review article discusses the state of the art within selected areas of body composition, including the following: exercise in appetite regulation, the use of body density to estimate relative body fat in selected populations, the use of anthropometric equations to estimate body composition, and alterations in body composition with exercise training. It was concluded that acute bouts of exercise may have short term anorexigenic effects, but that alterations in appetite with extended periods of training are less clearly defined. Exercise training does result in modest decreases in total and fat weight and in relative body fat, and small increases in lean body weight. However, these alterations are not substantial. Finally, major research efforts are needed to improve methodology in body composition assessment. 相似文献
14.
综述了第九届国际人体组成学研讨会中有关运动对人体组成影响的研究,为读者介绍在此领域里国内外的最新研究动态。依据研究对象的不同,将有关运动对人体组成影响的研究大致分为3个方面：运动对一般人群人体组成的影响、运动员的人体组成、运动对疾病患者人体组成的影响,并分别概述了有关研究内容。与其他国家的研究相比,国内研究虽然在数量上占优势（国内文章有22篇,其他国家11篇）,但在质量上要弱于其他国家,国内学者更多地采用生物电阻抗的方法,探讨运动单一因素和对人体组成影响,较少考虑到饮食、能量平衡等因素对人体组成的影响。对群体日常体力活动量与人体组成的影响研究中,量化体力活动量多采用加速度计,得到的结果与真实的日常体力活动量还有一定的差距。我们期待新技术和新方法的出现,以便为日常体力活动量与人体组成的量效关系研究带来便捷。 相似文献
15.
竞技健美操表现力的培养与提高 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
竞技健美操是风摩全球的健美操运动的重要组成部分。今天竞技健美操水平的高速发展令我们为之感叹。她无论是在编排上、音乐选材上以及运动员的技术水平和表现力、技术动作的娴熟程度上,都对我们从事专业的运动员和教练员提出了更高的要求。尤其是作为一个专业的竞技健美操运动员,要出色地完成一套竞技健美操,并取得优异的成绩,其运动中的表现力起着越来越关键的作用。本文就怎样培养、提高竞技健美操的表现力进行了多方面的探讨,提出了成套动作的编排是表现力的载体;音乐是整套操表现力的灵魂;心理素质训练是表现力的总体体现 相似文献
16.
健美操是在音乐的伴奏下,以身体练习为基本手段、以有氧运动为基础,达到增进健康、塑造形体和娱乐目的的一项体育运动。健美操最重要的技术是弹动技术,主要是依靠踝、膝、髋关节的屈伸缓冲而产生,减少运动对关节的冲力,从而减少对人体造成的损伤。踝关节本体感觉能力的增加,可提高踝关节周围神经肌肉控制能力,使踝关节在弹动、跳跃落地时保持身体的协调稳定,控制整个身体姿态,达到美化动作,提高运动技术水平的能力。本研究以健美操训练对女大学生踝关节力觉影响的实验研究为研究对象,旨在探讨健美操运动对踝关节的力觉各指标的影响,为减少踝关节运动损伤的发生和健美操的教学训练、比赛提供一定的理论依据。 相似文献
17.
试论全民健身的心理效应 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
“全民健身计划”是我国现代社会发展的需要,也是体育改革的一项重大举措。健身运动具有总体效应、消闲娱乐效应、交往效应和成就效应。全民健身运动将会因个体在追求躯体健康的同时,注重心理的最佳效应而得以实质性的普及和发展。 相似文献
18.
Carbohydrate ingestion can improve endurance exercise performance. In the past two decades, research has repeatedly reported the performance benefits of formulations comprising both glucose and fructose (GLUFRU) over those based on glucose (GLU). This has been usually related to additive effects of these two monosaccharides on the gastrointestinal tract whereby intestinal carbohydrate absorption is enhanced and discomfort limited. This is only a partial explanation, since glucose and fructose are also metabolized through different pathways after being absorbed from the gut. In contrast to glucose that is readily used by every body cell type, fructose is specifically targeted to the liver where it is mainly converted into glucose and lactate. The ingestion of GLUFRU may thereby profoundly alter hepatic function ultimately raising both glucose and lactate fluxes. During exercise, this particular profile of circulating carbohydrate may induce a spectrum of effects on muscle metabolism possibly resulting in an improved performance. Compared to GLU alone, GLUFRU ingestion could also induce several non-metabolic effects which are so far largely unexplored. Through its metabolite lactate, fructose may act on central fatigue and/or alter metabolic regulation. Future research could further define the effects of GLUFRU over other exercise modalities and different athletic populations, using several of the hypotheses discussed in this review. 相似文献
19.
浅谈音乐在健美操中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
健美操是集音乐、体操、舞蹈、现代舞等为一体的深受人们喜爱的新兴体育项目,也是以音乐做诗、身体作画的一项美的运动。由于健美操自身所具有的韵律性特点,使音乐在健美操教学、训练中具有特殊的作用。随着健美操运动的迅速发展,音乐在健美操中的作用越来越受到人们的广泛重视,音乐和动作的和谐统一是健美操完美表现的重要标志之一,只有把健美操和音乐有机的结合起来,才能充分发挥出健美操所特有的运动价值。 相似文献
20.
王燚 《体育科技文献通报》2010,18(7):125-126
目的：观察水中康复操对运动员关节损伤后肢体功能恢复的效果。方法：将80例在运动中关节损伤的患者随机分为试验组和对照组各40例,两组患者均进行相同的康复操锻炼,试验组在音乐的伴奏下,在深度为1.1-1.5米的水中进行操化锻炼。结果：试验组与对照组的效果对比,试验组总有效率为95%,明显优于对照组80%（P（0.01）。结果：水中康复操的锻炼对运动员关节损伤后肢体功能的恢复有很好的效果。 相似文献