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《Sport Management Review》2017,20(3):309-321
Understanding sport consumer well-being is essential for enhancing the psychological experience and benefits of sport consumers. While watching a sporting event on TV or Internet is a key means of sport consumption, not much is known about the activity’s influence on well-being. Well-being improves when one’s hedonic, eudaimonic, and social needs are fulfilled. Need fulfillment occurs when hedonic, eudaimonic, and social values are experienced and perceived as one’s own. A pre-post survey and SEM-based research was conducted to examine individuals’ psychological experiences in sport event viewing and its link to well-being. The influences of the sport fanship and media consumption setting on the links were also examined. The results indicate that hedonic, eudaimonic, and social values experienced by sport event viewers fully or partially (moderated by sport fanship and media consumption setting) led to well-being improvement, supporting the notion of hedonic, eudaimonic, and social needs fulfillment as the mechanism of improving well-being in this context. 相似文献
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Victor L. Katch John F. Villanacci Stanley P. Sady 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):269-272
Using Sonstroem, Harlow, and Josephs' (1994) expanded version of the Exercise and Self-Esteem Model (EXSEM; Sonstroem &; Morgan, 1989), we explored how 9 older adults (6 women and 3 men, aged 65–72 years) involved in a resistance training program experienced and perceived changes in physical self-worth (i.e., improved strength, functional competency, physical condition, and body satisfaction). We conducted three in-depth interviews with each participant over the course of the program. In individual log books, participants recorded the weight lifted and the number of repetitions for each exercise. Our findings showed the course of changes in physical self-perceptions in these older adults and how actual individual changes in strength performance related to perceived changes in important psychological outcomes. 相似文献
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The purpose of the present investigation was to examine exercise patterns and psychological variables mediating a return to training and competition after pregnancy. Competitive female athletes who had given birth within the last 10 years completed surveys concerning (a) training patterns before, during, and after childbirth, (b) childbirth complications and training advice, (c) perceptions of success in their postpartum comebacks to training, and (d) self-efficacy, social support, and perceived barriers to training during pregnancy and after childbirth. Results indicated that women decreased both cardiovascular and resistance training during pregnancy. Additionally, training efforts during pregnancy were independent of those during the pre- and postpartum periods. This finding suggests that athletes may be able to alter their training patterns during pregnancy without a significant impact on their postpartum training program. 相似文献
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石红 《体育科技文献通报》2014,(11):22-24
为了帮助湘西地区城镇居民有效地进行体育锻炼提高其主观幸福感,本研究采用文献资料法、心理测量法、数理统计法等方法对湘西地区城镇居民体育锻炼与主观幸福感的关系进行调查与分析,研究结果表明：参与不同的体育锻炼项目、锻炼强度、持续时间、锻炼频率对湘西地区城镇居民主观幸福感会产生不同的影响。锻炼项目以技能主导类为主、锻炼强度为低强度、锻炼时间在30-60分钟、锻炼频率为每周3-5次的居民主观幸福感最强烈。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT Organizational stressors can undermine the psychological well-being and performance of athletes. Less is known, however, about how these relationships unfold over time and whether organizational stressors can impact upon perceived physical health. The current study, therefore, used a repeated-measures design to examine relationships between organizational stressors with components of perceived psychological (anxiety and depression) and physical (illness symptoms and missed training days via illness) ill-health, and perceived performance at the within-person level. Twenty-three semi-elite female rowers completed monthly measures of study variables for six-months. Multilevel models indicated that selection-related stressors positively predicted symptoms of perceived psychological and physical ill-health, and negatively predicted perceived performance. Conversely, coaching stressors negatively predicted symptoms of perceived psychological ill-health. Logistics and operations stressors positively predicted perceived performance, whereas goals and development stressors negatively predicted perceived performance. These findings demonstrate for the first time that, with a repeated-measures design, organizational stressors can predict components of perceived physical and psychological ill-health, and perceived performance at the within-person level in athletes. From a practical perspective, practitioners should incorporate these findings when diagnosing the need for, developing, and optimally implementing primary and secondary stress management interventions. 相似文献
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Brandon A. Baiamonte Robert R. Kraemer Chelsea N. Chabreck Matthew L. Reynolds Kayla M. McCaleb Georgia L. Shaheen 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(18):1831-1837
Previous research has demonstrated significant decreases in pain perception in healthy individuals following both aerobic and upper body resistance exercise, but research on circuit training has been limited. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of a strenuous bout of dynamic circuit resistance exercise on pain threshold and pain tolerance in conjunction with changes in blood lactate levels, heart rate (HR), and perceived exertion. A sample of 24 college-age students participated in 2 sessions: (1) a maximal strength testing session and (2) a circuit training bout of exercise that consisted of 3 sets of 12 repetitions with a 1:1 work to rest ratio at 60% one-repetition maximum (1-RM) predicted from a three-repetition maximum (3-RM) for 9 exercises. Participants exhibited increases in pain tolerance, blood lactate levels, HR and perceived exertion following resistance exercise. Preference for exercise intensity was positively correlated with lactate post exercise and tolerance for exercise intensity was positively correlated with pain tolerance and lactate post exercise. In conclusion, this is the first study to demonstrate increases in pain tolerance following a dynamic circuit resistance exercise protocol and disposition for exercise intensity may influence lactate and pain responses to circuit resistance exercise. 相似文献
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探讨体育锻炼干预对老年人幸福感的改善作用,是我国锻炼心理学研究及大众体育改革与发展亟需解决的实际问题。对老年人幸福感与体育锻炼领域的研究方法、体育锻炼干预效应以及心生理机制等问题进行了分析与评价,发现已有的研究结果尚未清楚揭示体育锻炼与老年人幸福感的关系。未来的研究应着重于:(1)积极深入地探索两者关系的"剂量效应";(2)开发提高老年人幸福感水平的体育锻炼干预方案;(3)加强生理心理机制的分析与探讨。为全面系统地研究体育锻炼干预改善老年人幸福感水平提供科学的参考和采用针对性的体育锻炼干预方案提供可操作性的实践基础。 相似文献
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为了探讨应对方式与主观幸福感在身体锻炼促进心理健康的中介作用,采用自然实验、心理测量、数理统计等研究方法,对106名大学女生进行健美操运动干预。结果表明:身体锻炼对心理健康的焦虑、社会攻击、性心理障碍产生直接效应;应对方式与主观幸福感的共同中介效应不显著;身体锻炼通过主观幸福感影响心理健康的路径模型比较显著。结论:身体锻炼是一种积极的应对方式;身体锻炼的持续时间可以直接降低焦虑、性心理障碍,身体锻炼的强度可以直接降低社会攻击、性心理障碍;身体锻炼强度和持续时间分别通过主观幸福感对焦虑、社会攻击、性心理障碍产生间接作用。 相似文献
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为了充分证实不同的力量练习计划对老年人体质健康影响的效果,通过对比高速率的变阻训练(HV)、由慢到快速率的等阻训练(CT)以及高速率的变阻练习与身体功能练习相结合(CB)的3种不同的短期力量练习计划对老年人的肌肉功能和身体活动能力的影响进行了实证性研究。研究结果显示:与控制组(CO)相比,HV组、CT组以及CB组的肌肉力量都有显著性的提高,而CO的力量呈轻微的下降趋势;每周两次的HV练习在提高力量和爆发性身体功能时,要优于CT和CB组;与HV和CT组相比,CB组对增加老年人的力量也是有效的,这个结果对于那些不愿意或不能频繁参加力量练习的老年人是一个重要提示。 相似文献
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影响体育锻炼行为的社会心理因素分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对影响体育锻炼行为的社会心理因素的分析,有利于体育锻炼行为的转变,形成体育锻炼的习惯,从而建立终身体育锻炼的意识,促进现代人与社会和谐发展,加快体育社会化进程． 相似文献
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Elissa Burton Kaela Farrier Keith D. Hill Jim Codde Phil Airey Anne-Marie Hill 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(6):666-678
The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of peers to deliver programs or encourage older people to be physically active and improve physical outcomes. Peer reviewed articles published in English between January 1976 and June 2016, retrieved from six databases according to the predefined inclusion criteria were included. Where possible results were pooled and meta-analyses conducted. Eighteen articles were included in the review, a total of 3,492 intervention participants, average age 66.5 years and 67.1% were female. Overall, study quality was medium to high. Interventions mainly included resistance, flexibility and cardiovascular training, however there was one aquatic exercise group. Eight studies were delivered by peers and five utilised peer support, which included advice and being positive but was not directly linked to an exercise intervention. While 16 of the 18 studies reported improvement in levels of physical activity and/or noted physical benefits by peer involvement, the meta-analyses findings supported the control groups for the six-minute-walk-test and the timed-up-and-go test. Findings from this review suggest exercise programs involving peers can promote and maintain adherence to exercise programs. However, results were inconclusive as to whether peers have a positive effect on improving older people’s physical function. 相似文献
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体育锻炼与老年人幸福感的关系:孤独感的中介作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探讨体育锻炼与老年人孤独感和幸福感的关系,并进一步探索孤独感在体育锻炼影响老年人幸福感中的中介作用,使用体育锻炼等级量表、幸福感指数-总体情感指数量表、感情-社会孤独问卷以及自编人口统计学问卷,对采用分层随机抽样的方法选取的扬州市健身点150名55岁以上老年人进行问卷调查.结果发现:1)人口统计学变量的居住方式和工作类型对老年人的孤独感和幸福水平有显著的主效应;2)在控制相关人口统计学变量影响后,体育锻炼参与水平对孤独感和幸福感的效应显著,多重比较发现,随体育锻炼参与水平增加孤独感水平降低,幸福感水平增加;3)采用结构方程模型对中介作用假设模型进行验证分析发现,体育锻炼参与水平对幸福感直接作用不显著,而是通过降低孤独感间接提高老年人的幸福感;体育锻炼参与水平以孤独感为中介变量影响老年人幸福感的通径系数为-0.348.提示:体育锻炼对老年人孤独和幸福感有显著的改善作用,且孤独感在体育锻炼改善老年人幸福感过程中起完全中介作用. 相似文献
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户外拓展运动是一项新兴的体育运动项目,该运动既能作为日常健身活动,又能作为团队培训活动。近年来在国内发展迅速,户外拓展运动爱好者越来越多。文章采用文献资料法,论述了户外拓展运动的起源与发展以及开展户外运动的价值与社会意义,分析了户外拓展运动对不同人群的身心影响,旨在为今后开展户外拓展运动及相关研究提供理论参考。 相似文献
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拓展训练对大学生心理素质影响的实验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用《锻炼态度量表》对高校体育课中引用拓展理念进行训练是否能有效地改善大学生的心理素质进行研究。实验结果表明：在高校体育课中,合理运用现有的资源与环境,采用专门设计的训练项目,让学生经历心理挑战锻炼的拓展训练能全面地提高大学生的心理健康和社会适应能力。 相似文献
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目的:检验间歇和持续有氧运动对中老年2型糖尿病患者的干预效果,从而提供较为科学合理的运动处方。方法:通过Web of science、PubMed/MEDLINE、Cochrane Library、EMBASE、SportDiscus、中国知网(CNKI)、万方等中外文数据库,检索有关间歇与持续有氧运动干预中老年2型糖尿病患者的随机对照试验研究,利用Review Manager 5.3统计软件进行计量分析,包括偏倚风险评估、异质性分析、合并效应与效应大小检验和敏感性分析。结果:1)共纳入9项研究,包括297名被试;2)间歇训练与持续训练能有效改善中老年2型糖尿病患者胰岛素抵抗、BMI、有氧适能和疲劳、幸福感等身心健康指标;3)两者在改善HbA1c%(P=0.04)、总胆固醇(P=0.00)、收缩压(P=0.00)和有氧适能(P=0.00)方面存在显著差异;4)15~30 min/次、3~5次/周,持续8~12周的中至高等强度间歇训练对糖化血红蛋白、收缩压和有氧适能的干预效应更优,而长于12周、5次/周、大于30 min/次的中等强度间歇训练对总胆固醇可以产生较好的干预效应。结论:间歇训练与持续训练能一定程度改善中老年2型糖尿病患者的身心健康,相较于持续训练,间歇训练能更有效降低HbA1c%、总胆固醇、收缩压、提高有氧适能,15~30 min/次、3~5次/周、持续8~12周的中等强度间歇训练是干预中老年2型糖尿病较为有效的运动处方。 相似文献
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太极拳对中老年人心理健康状况影响的实验研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
运用心理测量、实验测试和数理统计等方法,对太极拳锻炼对中老年人心理健康状况影响的机理进行实证性研究。结果显示:进行太极拳锻炼可以延缓中老年人的心理健康衰退,其影响因素包括:生理、心理和社会因素,各个因素是相辅相成、互相影响的,心理和社会健康纬度的效果要明显于生理健康纬度;锻炼组的认知能力优于对照组(最佳反应时除外);长期进行太极拳锻炼更有益于中老年人维持和促进心理健康。建议加强对太极拳健身活动的宣传和组织;太极拳锻炼者最好长期坚持集体锻炼。 相似文献
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The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the longitudinal relationship between physical activity (PA) and the psychological domains of well-being in older adults and to identify possible moderators and mediators of this relationship. Twelve longitudinal investigations were included in this review. The results indicate that there seems to be a positive association between PA and psychological well-being over time. Thus PA may be one possible individual lifestyle factor for the long-term promotion of psychological well-being in older adults. Especially leisure time PA at light intensities conducted in group settings was identified to be beneficial for promoting psychological well-being. Furthermore, longitudinal results indicated that self-efficacy, self-esteem, affect, optimism, and pre-interventional motivation moderated/mediated the relationship between PA and psychological well-being in older adults. 相似文献
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目的:探讨大负荷力量训练对举重运动员造血机能、最大耗氧量及运动后血乳酸动力学的影响。方法:选25名优秀男子举重运动员,完成为期5周“二大一调整”式力量训练,其中,第1、2周为大负荷周,第3周为调整周,第4、5周为大负荷周,第4周冲击最大负荷。大负荷周为目标总重量30000kg/d,每天2次训练课,调整负荷为目标总重量小于15000kg/天,每天1次训练课,每周训练6天。于训练前、训练第1、2、3、4、5周取周训练结束后次日晨基础状态静脉血测定红系指标,于试验前、后测定最大耗氧量(V.O2max)及.VO2max测试结束后0、5、10、15min血乳酸变化趋势。结果:训练期间红细胞(RBC)、红细胞压积(Hct)、血红蛋白(Hgb)、血小板(Plt)、血小板压积(Pct)均较试验前显著性下降,但在第5周红细胞、血红蛋白均出现回复性变化;平均红细胞体积(MCV)减小,而平均红细胞血红蛋白(MCH)、红细胞体积分布宽度(RDW)、血小板体积分布宽度(PDW)均呈增加趋势;调整周内血红蛋白不仅没有回复,反而呈显著性下降。训练期间外周血网织红细胞(Ret)先增加后回复。5周训练后,V.O2max较训练前显著提高,.VO2max测试后0、5、10、15min血乳酸低于训练前对应点。结论:一定量的大负荷力量训练提高运动员红系造血活动及V.O2max;一定量大负荷力量训练改变定量负荷后血乳酸代谢的动力学特征,其可能的机制是机体清除乳酸的能力提高。 相似文献