共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
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孙延杰 《韩山师范学院学报》2014,(3):68-72
五爪金龙是粤东及整个华南地区危害最为严重的入侵杂草之一.探索五爪金龙的全蛋白质提取方法及优化其二维电泳的条件,可以为将来深入研究五爪金龙的蛋白质组学奠定基础.采用TCA-丙酮法、Trizol法以及酚抽提法提取五爪金龙全蛋白质,测定各种方法提取蛋白质的浓度,等量上样于二维电泳11 cm胶条上,结果显示TCA-丙酮法提取五爪金龙全蛋白质的二维电泳图片最好.优化二维电泳条件显示,在用TCA-丙酮法提取五爪金龙全蛋白质,上样量为40μg,等电聚焦总电压30 000 Vh时二维电泳图谱效果最好,重现性最高. 相似文献
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粤东5种有害的外来入侵植物的研究 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
曾宪锋 《韩山师范学院学报》2003,24(3):69-71,64
通过对粤东外来入侵植物的调查研究,确定南美蟛蜞菊(Wedelia trilobata)、微甘菊(Mikania micrantha)、五爪金龙(Ipomoea cairica)、飞机草(Eupatorium odoratum)和豚草(Ambrosia artemisiifolia)为最为有害的杂草,列为重点防除对象,并分析了这5种有害入侵植物的危害及入侵途径,并提出了防治措施. 相似文献
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蚯蚓对温室土壤中不同微生物类群数量的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了揭示蚯蚓活动对温室土壤中不同微生物类群数量的影响,对接种蚯蚓的温室土壤和露地土壤中微生物的数量进行了初步研究。结果表明:接种蚯蚓显著提高了温室土壤中不同微生物类群的数量。与未接种蚯蚓的处理比较,12月时,温室土壤中细菌增加了24.53%,放线菌增加了39.46%,真菌增加了29.7l%,总量增加了25.8l%;露地土壤中细菌增加了18.18%,放线菌增加了29.45%,真菌增加了16.24%,总量增加了21.14%。4月时,温室土壤中细菌增加了42.7l%,放线菌增加了39.08%,真菌增加了36.92%,总量增加了42.53%;露地土壤中细菌增加了33.69%,放线菌增加了22.29%,真菌增加了20.7l%,总量增加了32.73%。接种蚯蚓的温室土壤中不同微生物类群数量的增幅均高于接种蚯蚓的露地土壤。其中4月时接种蚯蚓后的温室土壤的细菌增加量高于其他处理。 相似文献
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为了揭示蚯蚓活动对温室土壤中不同微生物类群数量的影响,对接种蚯蚓的温室土壤和露地土壤中微生物的数量进行了初步研究.结果表明:接种蚯蚓显著提高了温室土壤中不同微生物类群的数量.与未接种蚯蚓的处理比较,12月时,温室土壤中细菌增加了24.53%,放线菌增加了39.46%,真菌增加了29.71%,总量增加了25.81%;露地土壤中细菌增加了18.18%,放线菌增加了29.45%,真菌增加了16.24%,总量增加了21.14%.4月时,温室土壤中细菌增加了42.71%,放线菌增加了39.08%,真菌增加了36.92%,总量增加了42.53%;露地土壤中细菌增加了33.69%,放线菌增加了22.29%,真菌增加了20.71%,总量增加了32.73%.接种蚯蚓的温室土壤中不同微生物类群数量的增幅均高于接种蚯蚓的露地土壤.其中4月时接种蚯蚓后的温室土壤的细菌增加量高于其他处理. 相似文献
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考察了不同浓度的明胶对不同土壤微生物数量及矿质N的影响.将0%,0.1%,0.2%,0.5%,1.0%,1.5%的明胶分别添加入土壤中,分别于第3,7,14,24,34,44,54,64天采取土样分析其微生物种群数量和氮营养水平变化.结果表明:随着明胶量的增加,土壤中三大类微生物的数量及硝态氮和铵态氮的含量均增加,但随着时间增长,有恢复原有水平的趋势.以培养采样时间为横轴。各测量指标为纵轴得到的趋势曲线表明,数量的拐点:细菌在24天,真菌34天,园艺土放线菌44天、菜地土放线菌34天.前期显著增加了对细菌和真菌的数量,后期显著增加了放线菌数量;硝态氮的拐点:园艺土在54天,菜地土在44天;氨态氮的拐点随明胶浓度的不同表现不太一致,但都在第14天后恢复.土壤微生物学特性及N营养水平的变化反映出:在控制范围内,明胶量的增加,提高了土壤健康的生物指标及营养指标. 相似文献
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微生物是湿地生态系统中重要的生命体,其群落结构组成及其变化在一定程度上反映了湿地的质量及健全性,本研究选取黄河三门峡段青龙坝和天鹅湖采样点,采用平板培养法对湿地微生物群落结构的季节变化和空间变化进行研究,结果表明,湿地微生物物种丰富度高,细菌占绝对优势,放线菌次之,真菌最少,湿地微生物群落结构季节变化较为明显;根据平板数量优势分离出四株优势菌,初步判定Q-2菌株与芽孢杆菌属分类地位相近;四环素敏感性测定结果显示,湿地微生物在低浓度四环素暴露下生长受到明显抑制。 相似文献
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土壤细菌是土壤微生物的一个重要组成部分,土壤有机碳变化与之密切相关,研究不同环境下土壤细菌特征对提高土壤肥力具有重大意义.本文通过对不同环境土壤细菌进行培养与分析,并研究了其土壤细菌菌落在不同温度、酸度及不同土层深度时细菌菌落的变化.结果表明:不同环境的土壤中,以菜地里的土壤细菌种类和数量最多,为1.0× 108cfu/g,湖边土壤的细菌数量最少,为6.67×107cfu/g.本培养实验表明,大多细菌最适合的生长环境为pH≈7,土层深度为10cm,温度30℃~40℃的条件下.所以,适宜的环境及人为施肥与耕作可以提高土壤的微生物量. 相似文献
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广州白云山外来入侵植物初步研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
据初步调查统计,广州白云山共有外来入侵植物15科29属29种,以草本植物为主.危害较大的外来入侵植物有薇甘菊(Mikania micrantha)、五爪金龙(Ipomoea cairica)、马缨丹(Lantana camara)、美洲蟛蜞菊(Wedelia trilobata)等.外来入侵植物常见于受人为干扰的生境,如荒地及路旁等.这些植物通过自然力量、人为有意引种、无意带入等途径入侵到白云山.为控制白云山外来入侵植物,建议:开展宣传教育,提高公众意识;加强对开发后的地方进行整理;加强对外来入侵植物的监测等. 相似文献
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几种苎麻园土壤微生物总DNA提取方法比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
实验设计对比了苎麻园土壤微生物总DNA6种提取方法。方法Ⅰ采用裂解酶、蛋白酶K、SDS与CTAB处理;方法Ⅱ结合利用CTAB、SDS、LDS和BME;方法Ⅲ综合采用玻璃珠、CTAB和SDS法;方法IV结合利用SDS-GITC-PEG;方法V利用尿素、SDS、LDS和BME综合处理;方法VI则利用试剂盒处理土壤。6种方法都可以提取到23kb左右的DNA片段,经过TENP和PVPP方法预处理的土壤样品,能有效去除腐殖酸等污染物,且提取得到的土壤总DNA完整性好、纯度高,不需要纯化就可用于PCR扩增。但不同方法取得的DNA的片段长度、产量和纯度存在明显差异。通过比较,改进并建立了可用于宏基因组构建的高纯度、大片段DNA的方法。 相似文献
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Low phosphorus (P) availability is one of the most important factors limiting plant growth in red soils across southeastern China. Many non-symbiotic microorganisms in rhizosphere can enhance P solubility, but little is known about the magnitude of their phosphorus-solubilizing ability (PSA) and the difference in phosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms (PSM) among plant species. The number of phosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms and their PSA in rhizosphere soils of 19 weed species in a citrus orchard on red soil at Changshan, Zhejiang, China, were investigated. Inorganic P (powdered phosphate rock, PR) and organic P (lecithin, OP) were respectively used as the sole P-source to examine the PSA of isolated microbes. The PS actinomycetes community varied greatly among the different weed rhizospheres while the PS fungus community showed to be most stable to the weed rhizosphere. The highest number of PR-PS and OP-PS bacteria was found in rhizosphere soil of Mollugo pentaphyll, and the highest number of PR-PS and OP-PS actinomycetes was found in rhizosphere soil of Polygonum lapathifolium. The highest number of PR-PS fungi was found in Erigeron annuus and Mollugo pentaphyll rhizosphere soil, and the highest number of OP-PS fungi was found in rhizosphere soil of Mazus stachydifolius. Mazus stachydifolius showed the strongest PR-PS ability (6340.75μg) while Eragrostis pilosa showed the strongest OP-PS ability (1301.84μg). The PR-PS ability and OP-PS ability of Mollugo pentaphyll was 4432.87μg and 1122.05μg respectively. A significant correlation between the number of PR-PSM and OP-PSM was found. Significant correlation was only found between the PR-PS fungi number and its PSA(r=0.75, P<0.05) and between the number of OP-PS fungi and its PSA(r=0.87, P<0.01}). It indicated that plant species had significant influence on components of the non-symbiotic PSM community and their activity in its rhizosphere soil. Fungi play a leading role in phosphorus solubilization in weed rhizopshere. It suggested that weed conservation could benefit soil microbe development in agroecosystems, especially in the initial stage of agroecosystem development because there is less organic carbon in bare soil. The results suggested that weed conservation could increase PSA of PSM. 相似文献
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微生物对林地土壤的作用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文就微生物对林地土壤的作用从土壤微生物生物量的含义、在土壤生态系统中的作用,菌根在森林生态系统中的作用以及根系分泌物对林地根际微环境的作用等几个方面进行了探讨,提出应该充分发挥林地土壤微生物的作用,以促进林业可持续发展。 相似文献
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Studies on nutrient uptake of rice and characteristics of soil microorganisms in a long-term fertilization experiments for irrigated rice 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The ecosystem characteristics of soil microorganism and the nutrient uptake of irrigated rice were investigated in a split-block experiment with different fertilization treatments, including control (no fertilizer application), PK, NK, NP, NPK fertilization, in the main block, and conventional rice and hybrid rice comparison, in the sub block. Average data of five treatments in five years indicated that the indigenous N supply (INS) capacity 相似文献
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不同类型钾肥对番茄土壤理化性状及微生物的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过番茄土壤对照试验,研究不同类型钾肥对土壤理化性质、微生物及土壤酶活性的影响,结果表明:与对照相比,施用新型含钾中微量元素肥料——"碳酶钾"能够提高番茄土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾等土壤养分的含量,降低土壤酸度、土壤容重,提高土壤孔隙度,改善了土壤的理化性状;提高了土壤中细菌、真菌、放线菌等微生物的含量;同时还能够显著地增强土壤脲酶、磷酸酶、纤维素酶及过氧化氢酶的活性. 相似文献
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Microbial activity and community diversity in a variable charge soil as affected by cadmium exposure levels and time 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Effects of cadmium (Cd) on microbial biomass, activity and community diversity were assessed in a representative variable charge soil (Typic Aquult) using an incubation study. Cadmium was added as Cd(NO3)2> to reach a concentration range of 0~16 mg Cd/kg soil. Soil extractable Cd generally increased with Cd loading rate, but decreased with incubation time. Soil mi-crobial biomass was enhanced at low Cd levels (0.5~1 mg/kg), but was inhibited consistently with increasing Cd rate. The ratio of microbial biomass C/N varied with Cd treatment levels, decreasing at low Cd rate (<0.7 mg/kg available Cd), but increasing progressively with Cd loading. Soil respiration was restrained at low Cd loading (<1 mg/kg), and enhanced at higher Cd levels. Soil microbial metabolic quotient (MMQ) was generally greater at high Cd loading (1~16 mg/kg). However, the MMQ is also affected by other factors. Cd contamination reduces species diversity of soil microbial communities and their ability to metabolize different C substrates. Soils with higher levels of Cd contamination showed decreases in indicator phospholipids fatty acids (PLFAs) for Gram-negative bacteria and actinomycetes, while the indicator PLFAs for Gram-positive bacteria and fungi increased with increasing levels of Cd contamination. 相似文献