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友谊是一种特殊的同伴关系,是以个体为指向的一对一的亲密的情感联系,它具有不同于同伴接纳的作用,因此友谊的研究一直是研究者十分关注的课题。近年来,友谊的研究逐渐转向考察其与相关因素之间的关系。本文从友谊与人际关系、行为、情感及特殊儿童的友谊等方面对儿童青少年的友谊相关研究进行了综述。随着研究的不断深入,友谊的相关研究还将进一步扩展和丰富。 相似文献
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针对Golany法确定评价指标之间权重的相对重要性时可能出现的问题,提出了一种当评价指标多于2个时,如何利用评价指标之间偏相关性的信息来确定评价指标之间权重的相对重要性的方法. 相似文献
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为探讨父母支持对大学生疏离感的影响过程，本研究采用问卷法对1860名大学生进行调查。结果显示：（1）父母支持和友谊质量均显著负向预测大学生疏离感；（2）友谊质量调节了父母支持与大学生疏离感之间的关系。根据研究结果，父母支持和友谊质量既可以引导父母切实增加对大学生的支持，还可以帮助大学生建立和谐的同伴关系，因此应发挥父母支持和友谊质量对个体的交互影响，最终达到有效预防和降低大学生高疏离感体验的目标。 相似文献
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师:通过上节课的学习,你读懂了什么?这节课最想弄懂的是什么问题?生:我懂得了马克思与恩格斯之间存在着伟大的友谊。生:我懂得了马克思与恩格斯是怎样建立伟大友谊的。生:这节课,我想知道为什么在马克思与恩格斯之间会产生这么伟大的友谊。师:同学们说得很好！这节课我们要弄清的主要问题是:为什么说马克思与恩格斯之间的友谊是伟大的?请大家根据下面的提示讨论这个问题。(幻灯显示)１.从表现友谊的两个方面来体会伟大的友谊;２.抓住重点词、句、段,体会伟大的友谊;３.结合课外阅读来体会伟大的友谊。(学生阅读课文后,分小组讨论)师:哪个小… 相似文献
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仲宁宁 《中小学心理健康教育》2010,(18):4-6
青少年同伴友谊的发展影响个体日后社会性技能的质量,成为了近些年来心理研究领域的焦点之一。本文对同伴友谊的概念进行了界定,简述了同伴友谊的发展特点,并探讨了同伴友谊对青少年发展的作用,最后希望全社会共同关注青少年同伴友谊的培养问题。 相似文献
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阿黛拉·奎斯特是福斯特在小说《印度之行》中精心安排的人物。她怀着浪漫美好的愿望来到印度,想“看看真正的印度”。然而,在印度,她所“发现”的是种族之间、宗教之间、个体人与人之间的隔膜和分离。所有这些都说明福斯特通过“善意、教养和智慧”来实现人与人之间的沟通及联结的失败,也让人们意识到通过建立友谊来实现民族大融合、实现文化融合的艰难。 相似文献
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创业是一个识别、评价与开发创业机会的过程,创业机会评价是创业的核心环节。利用层次分析法（AHP）来计算创业机会评价指标权重,是从定量与定性相结合,主观与客观相结合的角度来评价创业机会,可以为个体创业、公司创业及风向投资确定影响创业机会不同要素的重要性提供参考。 相似文献
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本文通过问卷调查,从家庭、学校、学业、友谊、自由和环境六个维度来研究中职学生主观幸福感的状况,从个体、家庭、学校和社会四个方面寻求影响主观幸福感的因素．利用主成分改进的多项Logistic回归模型研究各因素的影响程度。 相似文献
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Sophina Choudry Julian Williams Laura Black 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2017,38(7):1037-1053
The aim of this article is to explore the structure of social capital in peer networks and its relation to the unequal access of educational resources within mathematics classrooms. We hypothesise that learners can gain access to mathematics through friendship networks which provide more or less help from peers that might sustain (or curtail) their mathematics learning based on a Bourdieusian framework. We report a social network analysis of mutually-recognised helping within friendship groups. This is complemented by observation and interviews that illustrate how different classrooms have different network structures, positioning learners of different ethnic minorities and genders in significantly different ways regarding access to learning. We argue that friendship networks mediate social capital and access to further cultural capital, and that this may help explain structural differences in attainment. Because ethnicity and gender, inter alia, mediate friendship networks, they also mediate access to capital in the classroom. 相似文献
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Friendship Networks of Unpopular, Average, and Popular Children 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Existence of friendship and friendship network characteristics were examined among children who differed in popularity status using a relatively unrestricted friendship nomination procedure. Fifth and sixth graders ( N = 227 ) completed a rating-scale sociometric to index popularity and provided information on up to 15 good friends. Results indicated that all children reported having at least one unilateral friend. Unpopular children were less likely than popular children to have at least one reciprocal friend, although the large majority (77%) did have a reciprocal friend. Results also indicated that unpopular children's unilateral friendship networks, in comparison to the networks of their more popular peers, contained a greater number of younger school-age friends and fewer same-age friends, more friends located outside of the school but within the same school district, and more unpopular and fewer popular school friends. Unpopular children's reciprocal friendship networks were significantly smaller, were more evenly distributed within and outside of the classroom, and contained fewer average and popular friends as well as friends of the opposite sex. Findings suggest advantages to using an unrestricted friendship nomination instrument and emphasize the need to consider both popularity and friendship when investigating children's peer relationships. 相似文献
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Although various work-family policies are available to faculty members, many underuse these policies due to concerns about negative career consequences. Therefore, we believe it is important to develop an academic work culture that is more supportive of work-family needs. Using network data gathered from faculty members at a Midwestern university, this study investigated the relationship between friendship connections with colleagues and perceived work-family supportiveness in the department. It also explored the role of parental status in the relationship for men and women. Results show that faculty with larger friendship networks have more positive perceptions of work-family culture compared to faculty with smaller friendship networks, for all faculty except women without children. 相似文献
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Jasperina Brouwer Andreas Flache Ellen Jansen Adriaan Hofman Christian Steglich 《Higher Education》2018,76(3):483-500
A common assumption about Freshmen Learning Communities (FLCs) is that academic relationships contribute to students’ success. This study investigates how students in learning communities connect with fellow students for friendship and academic support. Longitudinal social network data across the first year, collected from 95 Dutch students in eight FLCs, measure both social and academic relational choices within and beyond the FLCs. Using stochastic actor-based models, the study tests two competing hypotheses. The alignment hypothesis states that students connect with their similar-achieving friends for both academic and social support, leading to an alignment of both types of networks over time. In contrast, the duality hypothesis states dissimilarity between academic support networks and friendship networks: students should connect with better-achieving fellow students for academic support and to more similar peers for friendship. The data support the alignment hypothesis but not the duality hypothesis; in addition, they show evidence of achievement segregation in FLCs: the higher the students’ achievement level, the more they connect with other students for both academic support and friendship, relating in particular to peers with a similarly high achievement level. The results suggest that lower-achieving students are excluded from the support provided by higher-achieving students and instead ask similar lower achievers for support. They thus cannot benefit optimally from the academic integration FLC offer. The article concludes with recommendations of how to support students in an FLC so that they can reach optimal achievement potential. 相似文献
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Across the life span, friendship is an important component of people’s support networks. This article explores the developmental roots of adult friendship intimacy and satisfaction, taking into consideration the early interplay between sociomoral sensitivity in friendship, insecurity in peer contexts, and peer rejection. Data (N = 176) came from the longitudinal study “Individual Development and Social Structure.” Respondents were surveyed repeatedly from age 7 to 37 years. Autoregressive cross-lagged panel models show that sociomoral sensitivity in friendship protects adolescents from peer rejection and is reciprocally associated with insecurity. Childhood and adolescent sociomoral sensitivity antecede early adult friendship intimacy, which, in turn, antecedes friendship satisfaction in mid-adulthood. The findings indicate a sequence of pathways from sociomoral sensitivity developed early in life to friendship quality in adulthood. 相似文献
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The present study was conducted to analyze whether in-class friends influence each other's grades, and whether adolescents tend to select friends that are similar to them in terms of academic achievement. During 1 academic year, 542 eighth-grade students (M age = 13.3 years) reported on 3 different occasions on their in-class friendship networks. At these occasions their report card grades for 3 subjects were copied from their files. We tested whether academic achievement functions as a selection criterion for friendship, and whether academic achievement is influenced by in-class friends, using social network analytic techniques. Socialization effects for Dutch and English language grades, but not for mathematics grades, were found. We found no support for selection effects of grades. 相似文献
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P. Nilan 《Gender and education》1991,3(2):163-182
This article makes use of informal interview talk data gathered during a longitudinal study of adolescent girls’ friendship groups. Two group‐produced narratives involving categorisation, moral ordering, inclusion and exclusion are examined with the aim of discerning patterns of girls’ friendship networks. Through a detailed examination of the girls’ talk about themselves, their friends, their enemies, the minor breaking‐ups and making‐ups, the declarations of loyalty, the aspersions cast and the motives attributed, it is possible to discern a significant moral and social order which underlies girls’ friendships. This article represents an attempt to view friendship between girls, not in terms of a pre‐determined model of pervasive, yet invisible patriarchal constraints, but in terms of lived moments of interaction between and with girls who are actually getting on with the business of being friends with each other as they are collaboratively describing events in their friendship networks. 相似文献
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Brouwer Jasperina Engels Maaike C. 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2022,37(2):567-584
After the transition to university, students need to build a new peer network, which helps them to adapt to university life. This study investigated to what extent students’ prosocial attitudes and academic achievement facilitate the embeddedness in friendship and help-seeking networks, while taking structural network characteristics into account. Participants were 95 first-year bachelor’s degree students and were part of learning communities consisting of 12 students at a university in the Netherlands. Measures included student-reports of prosocial attitudes, peer nominations of friendship and help-seeking networks, and officially registered grades (GPA). Longitudinal social network analysis, stochastic actor-based modeling with the package RSiena, revealed that both students’ own prosocial attitudes and achievement played a role in their friendship formation, whereas only students’ own achievement made the formation of their help-seeking relationships more likely. When students were friends, it was more likely that they approached each other for help and vice versa. Similarity in achievement level contributed to relationship formation in friendship and help-seeking networks. Overall, the results underscore the importance of both student’ prosocial attitudes and achievement for their social adjustment (i.e., making friends) and only achievement for their academic adjustment (i.e., seeking help) during the first year of university within the context of small-scale teaching.
相似文献19.
周念先 《衡阳师范学院学报》2000,(4)
王夫之寓居南岳时所写的诗歌 ,从一个侧面反映出当时政治社会动乱的现实与患难中真挚的师友情谊 ,以及他对南岳风景风物的热爱 ,有着多样化的风格。也是研究这一阶段王夫之思想行动有价值的资料 相似文献
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School and Neighborhood Friendship Patterns of Blacks and Whites in Early Adolescence 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This research examined the school and neighborhood friendships of 292 black and white children who attended an integrated junior high school. Most students reported having a close other-race school friend, but only 28% of the sample saw such a friend frequently outside of school. Reports of an interracial school friendship that extended to nonschool settings were significantly more common among black students than whites and among children who lived in integrated neighborhoods rather than segregated ones. Race differences in reported friendship behavior were also found on other friendship variables. Compared to whites, blacks reported more extensive neighborhood friendship networks but indicated that they talked to fewer friends during the school day. In addition, the study replicated prior findings that white girls report more peer social support than white boys but failed to find a gender difference in peer support among blacks. The discussion emphasizes the importance of the school/nonschool ecology and the need for further comparative study of white and black children's friendship patterns. 相似文献