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大学生外语自主学习研究综述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
赵晶 《成都教育学院学报》2014,(2):77-80
自主学习是当前大学外语教学和研究的重要课题之一。外语自主学习的心理学基础包括人本主义的以学习者为中心、社会学习理论、信息加工理论和学习动机等。文章从梳理外语自主学习的概念出发,引出自主学习的一个核心概念,即"学习者自主",并提出外语自主学习的维度。当前外语自主学习研究主要集中在外语自主学习能力的培养和自主学习策略运用,网络环境下外语自主学习的优点与存在的问题等方面。随着现代信息技术的运用,教师在大学生外语自主学习中地位将如何转变,以及自主学习与课堂教学结合的程度和方式等将受到广泛关注。 相似文献
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网络环境下学习者特征分析是构建学习者模型,实现网络环境下适应性学习的关键步骤。本研究按照性别和学科类别,将参与陕西师范大学"现代教育技术"网络公共必修课学习的1715名在校大学生进行分类,在对先前学者相关研究进行归纳总结的基础上,构建了包括网络学习策略、网络学习自我效能感、网络学习动机、网络学习归因、网络学习焦虑、网络学习态度等关键特征在内的学习者特征关系模型,并采用多群组路径分析法对各项特征间影响权重进行了群体差异分析,希望对实现网络环境下群体意义上的个性化服务提供一定的参考。 相似文献
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肖俊洪 《中国远程教育(综合版)》2022,(1)
本文探讨了自我决定学习教育学的实际应用。文章首先回顾自我决定学习教育学应用于各种环境的一些研究文献。文章还讨论"学习引领者"这个概念和他们在应用自我决定学习教育学时的必备素质以及学习者采用自我决定学习教育学方法时应该做好哪些准备。本文从普通教育学—成人教育学—自我决定学习教育学渐变过程的角度分析如何帮助学习者。最后,文章针对如何发挥学习者能动性提出一些建议。 相似文献
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教育者和教学设计者如何评价他们所设计学习环境的有效性?在远程和面授环境中保证教学有效性的一个重要方法是提供学习支持。在学习者利用WEB进行合作学习时，支持系统对于学习过程的作用愈来愈大，它为学习者在自主学习和社会交互中发展能力和提高自信提供了巨大的帮助。维高斯基关于支持体系的理论起源于社会文化领域．该词指的是基于社会建构主义学习模式的学习支持。随着WEB愈来愈多地应用于初、中、高等教育，现有的支持体系却又很难直接应用于联机学习等非面授教学中，我们有必要对支持体系的概念加以重新考虑。本文在提出远程学习中支持体系概念的基础上，提供了一些如何为学习者提供建构主义学习的例子，并提出了适用于不同教学环境的学习支持体系的设计准则。 相似文献
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以学习者为中心的学习环境理论基础分析研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从学习理论的发展入手,简述建构主义理论的主要观点,说明建构主义理论是以学习者为中心的学习环境的基石;描述了以学习者为中心的学习环境的概念和特征;最后介绍了有意义学习的特征,并主张将其作为以学习者为中心的学习环境的指导,为设计以学习者为中心的学习环境提供理论基础。 相似文献
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在当前教育领域内,远程学习、数字化学习与在线学习环境这些专业术语并不少见,学习者和相关研究人员在面临这些专业术语时往往会存在一些理解上的偏差,在使用过程中也会存在一些困惑,因此很有必要对这些术语进行深入研究。目前数字化学习、在线学习与远程学习环境领域相关的研究较多,他们之间的差异不仅仅是表达术语层面,重要的是不同学习环境的侧重点和呈现特点有一定的差异。为此,我们通过实证方法分析研究该问题,总结学习者是如何认识这些学习环境的。结果表明,不同学习者对数字化学习、在线学习与远程学习环境有不同的期望和认知。 相似文献
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Personal epistemology and relational pedagogy in early childhood teacher education programs 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
Joanne Brownlee Donna Berthelsen 《Early Years: An International Journal of Research and Development》2006,26(1):17-29
Over the last decade, research related to personal epistemological beliefs has offered insight into how to promote effective teaching and learning across educational settings. Personal epistemological beliefs reflect an individual's views about what knowledge is, how knowledge is gained, and the degree of certainty with which knowledge can be held. However, there has been no research that specifically investigates the relationship between such epistemological beliefs and early childhood practice. This paper draws together current research findings on epistemological beliefs and tertiary learning to provide a conceptual framework which can be used in early childhood teacher education programs to provide a basis for investigating early childhood teachers' understanding about their own learning and how they use this knowledge in their practice. 相似文献
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This study examines the conditional and interaction effects of each of four dimensions of the epistemological beliefs of college
students regarding the ability to learn, the speed of learning, the structure of knowledge, and the stability of knowledge
on four measures of the cognitive components (elaboration, rehearsal, organization, metacognition) and four measures of the
behavioral components (effort regulation, management of time and study environment, peer learning, help seeking) of self-regulated
learning strategies. Students with more sophisticated beliefs about the nature of knowledge and learning were more likely
than their peers to use educationally productive cognitive and behavioral strategies in their learning. Beliefs about one’s
ability to learn had the most significant and substantial effects, and the structure of knowledge had the second most significant
and substantial effects on students’ use of self-regulated cognitive and behavioral learning strategies. Although a student’s
belief about the stability of knowledge by itself had a statistically significant effect on only one learning strategy, this
belief served as moderator for six of the 11 statistically significant interaction effects of epistemological beliefs on the
use of cognitive and behavioral learning strategies. Implications of these findings for theory, research, policy and practice
are examined. 相似文献
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Creative remake assignments using garments and textile refuse are common educational projects to promote environmental and sustainability actions. However, very little empirical research has been carried out on the learning processes of remake projects. In this article, the aim is to examine how students learn with garments and textile refuse when engaging in a remake project. The exploration is conducted in a Swedish crafts class, educational sloyd, as a case. Practical epistemological analysis and the concept of transactant are used to analyse and be attentive to the learning process. The findings show how students transact with the idea of a product, the material’s capabilities and the remake techniques. Further, the transactants show what participates and makes the learning process turn in specific directions, which is further discussed in the paper. Based on this empirical research, we may increase our understandings of how the learning processes is made in the remake project, and that knowledge can help us understand, and thus improve the quality of remake projects in relation to the environmental and sustainability aims. 相似文献
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The Conditional and Interaction Effects of Epistemological Beliefs on the Self-Regulated Learning of College Students: Motivational Strategies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This study examines the conditional and interaction effects of each of four dimensions of the epistemological beliefs of college students regarding the ability to learn, the speed of learning, the structure of knowledge, and the stability of knowledge on six measures of the motivational components of self-regulated learning strategies (intrinsic goal orientations, extrinisic goal orientation, task value, self-efficacy, control of learning and test anxiety). Students with more sophisticated beliefs about the nature of knowledge and learning were more likely than their peers to use educationally productive motivational strategies in their learning. Beliefs about one’s ability to learn and the structure of knowledge had the most significant and substantial effects on students’ use of self-regulated motivational strategies. Although a student’s belief about the stability of knowledge by itself had a statistically significant effect on only one motivational strategy, this belief did have four statistically significant interaction effects with beliefs about ability to learn and the structure of knowledge. Implications of these findings for theory, research, policy and practice are examined. 相似文献
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Annie Fisher 《Curriculum Journal》2013,24(3):227-238
This work has a particular focus on exposing important connections between trainee teachers' personal beliefs about knowledge (epistemological beliefs) and their conceptions of learning. These, the authors argue, are central to the assumptions which underpin their pedagogy when working with children in school. The link between these constructs emerged as key issues during a collaborative research project between five practitioners across two universities which explored the use of a ‘learning to learn’ (L2L) approach with a particular emphasis on postgraduate ITT courses. This seems particularly pertinent to expanding the capacity to learn of trainees, yet, to date, it has received little attention within research on L2L, given its more immediate focus within the school setting. The authors believe, however, that the climate is now ripe for research focusing on the context of lifelong learning, in particular teacher trainee learning in ITT. They argue that a focus on the role of epistemology in helping to shape teaching approaches is likely to be a key element in developing students with a capacity to reflect critically on practice. 相似文献
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Issues in action learning: a critical realist interpretation 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
John Burgoyne 《Action Learning: Research and Practice》2009,6(2):149-161
The purpose of this paper is to argue that the perspective of ‘critical realism’ has considerable potential for moving forward the theory and practice of action learning. The paper addresses three questions: (1) Does action learning emphasise the individual or the collective? (2) Can action learning be thought of as critical, but should it also be the subject of criticism? (3) What gets carried forward from action learning by way of learning? Critical realism is argued to be illuminative of these issues; this involves dealing with ontological questions – what is there out there to learn about – as well as epistemological ones – how can this be learned about. It also involves seeing the world as an open system with emergent properties rather than the predictable machine of the positivist approach and the ‘nothing but a sea of meaning’ of the extreme social constructionist approach. The conclusions are that: (1) Yes, it can, and should, focus on both. Individual and organisational foci (one form of the individual-collective question) for action learning are compatible and reconcilable, though often with difficulty. (2) Yes to critical approach of and from action learning, which is its true intent. Suggestions are made on how to do this in an ultimately constructive way. (3) There are several answers to this, the ability to learn, ‘mechanisms’ that can but may not necessarily work in future situations, depending on circumstance and ‘state of play’ information. 相似文献
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Problem-Based Learning: What and How Do Students Learn? 总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22
Cindy E. Hmelo-Silver 《Educational Psychology Review》2004,16(3):235-266
Problem-based approaches to learning have a long history of advocating experience-based education. Psychological research and theory suggests that by having students learn through the experience of solving problems, they can learn both content and thinking strategies. Problem-based learning (PBL) is an instructional method in which students learn through facilitated problem solving. In PBL, student learning centers on a complex problem that does not have a single correct answer. Students work in collaborative groups to identify what they need to learn in order to solve a problem. They engage in self-directed learning (SDL) and then apply their new knowledge to the problem and reflect on what they learned and the effectiveness of the strategies employed. The teacher acts to facilitate the learning process rather than to provide knowledge. The goals of PBL include helping students develop 1) flexible knowledge, 2) effective problem-solving skills, 3) SDL skills, 4) effective collaboration skills, and 5) intrinsic motivation. This article discusses the nature of learning in PBL and examines the empirical evidence supporting it. There is considerable research on the first 3 goals of PBL but little on the last 2. Moreover, minimal research has been conducted outside medical and gifted education. Understanding how these goals are achieved with less skilled learners is an important part of a research agenda for PBL. The evidence suggests that PBL is an instructional approach that offers the potential to help students develop flexible understanding and lifelong learning skills. 相似文献
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This article sets out to argue that organisations can learn but that they cannot do so in their own right without infrastructural
support. This article further examines the notion that individuals in organisations also require the cognitive participation
of the organisation itself as a learning entity to learn. The close reliance and affiliation required between individuals
and organisations to enable their learning from one another are discussed. In continuation of this, specific examples are
provided through the industry sector of information systems development (ISD) projects to illustrate of how organisations
can learn. Finally, the question of how one identifies organisational learning is analysed. Following on from the ISD and
its use in the analogy of organisational learning, the article discusses an organisational empirical research project currently
being undertaken by the authors, which utilises blogs. Though there are many potential organisational learning connotations
associated with blogs, they could be perceived as a type of information system. The ongoing research being undertaken with
the company using the blogs will attempt to identify indicators of learning at the individual, group and organisational levels.
The significance of the issues explored in this article lies in the fact that it addresses an ISD approach to study how an
organisation learns, and why this perspective is useful towards understanding the process of organisational learning. This
article contributes to the organisational learning debate through an illustrative industry example of ISD projects. In doing
so, we wish to argue that though individual learning can occur in ISD projects, the collective nature of projects primarily
engenders the interpretive aspect of organisational learning. We further believe that it is the interactive nature of an ISD
project that allows an organisation to learn in tandem with project members as exemplified through the stages of a project
life cycle. We feel that this article contributes to the ISD and organisational learning literature in terms of linking both
concepts together. 相似文献
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How do teachers learn in the workplace? An examination of teacher learning activities 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
In this study, two data collection instruments were used to examine how Dutch secondary school teachers learn in the workplace. Firstly, they completed a questionnaire on their preferences for learning activities on two occasions. Secondly, during the intermediate period, they reported learning experiences in digital logs. Results of both instruments indicate that teachers often learn by critical individual reflection and by involving colleagues in particular challenging or problematic situations. An additional finding concerns the reporting of sequences of learning activities in the digital logs which is clearly different from the focus on single learning activities as found in most literature and as used in the questionnaire. Furthermore, the digital logs provided a fine‐tuning of the concepts of ‘involvement of colleagues’ and ‘experimentation’ in relation to teacher learning. The study concludes with a critical reflection on both data collection instruments. Finally, implications for future research on how teachers learn are discussed. 相似文献
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教育目标不仅要使学生获取知识,更要使他们学会学习。近年,各地较多强调通过不同科目或学习领域的学习与教学,可以培养学生的共通能力。这些能力都是培养学生自主学习的重要条件。本文对自主学习的定义和概念作出一些分析,对有关研究和教与学作出一些简介。文中提及学生自主学习定义包含三个特点:他们采用自主的学习策略、他们面对自我学习成效回馈的积极响应、以及他们互动地推动学习过程。自主的学生选择和采用自主学习策略,在反思学习成效与技巧的基础上,争取理想的学术成果。笔者最后提出建议:(1)如何应用学习动机、课室管理、教师教学和教师期待以探讨自主学习在课堂教学过程中的实践;(2)如何以自主学习这个概念贯彻于各科或各学习领域的课程设计的各个课程要素中。笔者期望,研究自主学习能有助学生学习。 相似文献