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1.
李葆萍 《现代远程教育研究》2010,(3):20-25
远程高等教育质量保证政策建设,是我国高等教育质量政策体系的重要组成部分。我国远程高等教育质量政策体系现状与英美等发达国家比较,存在以下问题：指向远程高等教育质量内涵的政策文本缺失,保证多元主体利益实现的政策层次单一,制定政策的前瞻性、全面性和合法性的工作有待加强。借鉴国外政策建设经验,可以将我国远程高等教育质量政策体系框架划分为核心政策、支撑政策和环境政策,重点构建核心政策中的人才标准政策、课程管理政策、组织机构政策、质量控制政策和学习与公共服务政策的结构。 相似文献
2.
Policies can be powerful tools for prevention given their potential to affect conditions that can improve population-level health. Given the dearth of empirical research on policies’ impacts on child maltreatment, this article (a) identifies 37 state policies that might have impacts on the social determinants of child maltreatment; (b) identifies available data sources documenting the implementation of 31 policies; and (c) utilizes the available data to explore effects of 11 policies (selected because they had little missing data) on child maltreatment rates. These include two policies aimed at reducing poverty, two temporary assistance to needy families policies, two policies aimed at increasing access to child care, three policies aimed at increasing access to high quality pre-K, and three policies aimed at increasing access to health care. Multi-level regression analyses between within-state trends of child maltreatment investigation rates and these 11 policies, controlling for states’ childhood poverty, adults without a high school diploma, unemployment, child burden, and race/ethnicity, identified two that were significantly associated with decreased child maltreatment rates: lack of waitlists to access subsidized child care and policies that facilitate continuity of child health care. These findings are correlational and are limited by the quality and availability of the data. Future research might focus on a reduced number of states that have good quality administrative data or population-based survey data on child maltreatment or reasonable proxies for child maltreatment and where data on the actual implementation of specific policies of interest can be documented. 相似文献
3.
Lesley Vidovich Magda Fourie Heinrich Alt Louis Van Der Westhuizen Somarie Holtzhausen 《Compare》2000,30(2):193-209
Over the last decade universities across the world have been grappling with quality and quality assurance issues. In several countries national policies on higher education quality assurance have been evolving, mostly with the purpose of putting external systems of quality assurance in place. In many instances, these policies and systems had less effect on the quality of teaching and learning than had been expected. This paper serves as a comparison of national quality policy developments in two countries, Australia and South Africa, and goes on to investigate the emerging tensions in quality policy processes in these countries. Whereas a number of similarities were discerned, differences were as evident, verifying the underlying assumption of the authors that notions of quality, and quality policies and their implementation are very much dependent on the particular localised contexts in which they exist. 相似文献
4.
试论我国少数民族教育政策重心的转移问题 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
我国民族教育政策有两大类型：一类为优惠性政策,一类为特殊性政策。在不同的历史阶段,国家都相应出台了一定的民族政策、教育政策及逐渐明确的民族教育政策。这些政策集中表现在民族教育的质量、管理体制、经费、课程、教师、学生政策等方面。在新的形势下,我国民族教育政策正在经历一个由重视数量向重视质量、由重视优惠政策向重视特殊政策的重心转移过程。 相似文献
5.
《Economics of Education Review》2006,25(4):447-462
School policy debates vacillate between policies emphasizing improvement in general skills and those aimed at strengthening the linkages between schools and the workplace. While these policies do not necessarily conflict, each is frequently motivated by shortcomings in the other. This paper presents basic evidence about the very substantial impacts of general cognitive skills on individual earnings and on economic growth. The calculations are then put in a school policy framework that emphasizes the importance of considering both the magnitude and the speed of quality improvements. It then considers alternative school reform policies focused on improvements in teacher quality, identifying how much change is required. Finally, teacher bonus policies are put into the context of potential benefits. 相似文献
6.
《Higher Education Policy》2001,14(3):225-240
This article examines the impact of European integration on higher education policies of the Netherlands, Belgium/Flanders and Germany. The analysis of higher education policies in the three countries is part of a broader project, which focuses on a majority of E.U. member states. The selection of the three countries for this paper is not based on any methodological considerations. The question addressed is if higher education policies of member states are converging, diverging or not changing at all, and whether such developments are a consequence of the policies of the European Union (E.U.) or of other factors (e.g., the globalization of the market or of institutions imitating each other). A preliminary assessment leads to the conclusion that a number of important indications of convergence are present in national policy arrangements in the field of higher education (in particular student mobility and quality assurance, but less in the structure of higher education systems My attention will be focused on the structure of higher education systems, on quality assurance and on student and teacher mobility. These domains appear to cover most relevant issues pertaining to higher education policies in the European Union member states (funding of higher education is sometimes considered as a separate domain, but it can also be regarded as an element of the structure of higher education systems, while it is also related to the issue of quality assurance).). The European Union, however, does not have much legal authority in the policy sector in question. Thus, an explanation for converging national policies may lie elsewhere, in part in the concept of “institutional isomorphism”. 相似文献
7.
Stelian Andrei Bejan Tero Janatuinen Jouni Jurvelin Susanne Klöpping Heikki Malinen Bernhard Minke 《Quality in Higher Education》2015,21(3):343-371
This paper reports on methodological approaches, experiences and expectations referring to impact analysis of quality assurance from the perspective of three higher education institutions (students, teaching staff, quality managers) from Germany, Finland and Romania. The presentations of the three sample institutions focus on discussing the core characteristics of quality assurance procedures applied and their expected and observed impacts, and how intended and non-intended undesirable ones are measured. It turns out that all sample institutions have already some instruments and sub-procedures in place for impact analysis of quality assurance and all of them are striving for further improvement by applying internal and external quality assurance procedures and impact analyses. Finally, a closer look at the recently revised Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in the European Higher Education Area shows that the European sample institutions are on their way towards coherent quality assurance policies, while there is also room left for further improvement and investigation (for example, in implementing systematic methodologies of impact evaluation and quality policies in general). 相似文献
8.
The purpose of this paper is to develop a conceptual framework for a comparative analysis of Higher Education policies that enables us to investigate the explanatory power of structural characteristics of politico-administrative systems. The policies that are studied aim at improving the efficiency and quality of institutional performance. The paper focuses on policy trends in higher education in the eight countries in the study. It discusses how the literature on comparative political and administrative systems can help formulate assumptions about public policy making and policy change. The ideas that are developed are then applied to public reform policies in general and in the area of higher education in particular, followed by a test of the assumptions on available data on reform outcomes in the countries involved. The data indicate that a comparative politico-administrative perspective is potentially useful with regard to explaining cross national variation in higher education reform policies in Europe. 相似文献
9.
关于素质教育政策体系、内容的政策学分析与建议 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我国素质教育政策体系的形成有着不同于其他教育政策的特殊之处。这些特殊之处一方面折射出素质教育政策制定过程中的一些问题,另一方面也引发了素质教育政策体系目标、内容的系列问题。因此,一方面需要对素质教育政策内容做出适当调整,另一方面要着力完善素质教育的政策体系。 相似文献
10.
It is contended that engineering education in the United States is and has always been backward and of low quality compared to that in other countries, particularly Russia. Consequent low quality raises serious questions regarding ability to compete with the Communist world. Historical reasons for low quality are scrutinized as created by personality factors, financial matters, university policies, and federal policies. Significant differences between educators and practitioners in science and engineering are discussed. Specific practical proposals for action by federal and university agencies are given which can aid in reducing the serious shortage of welltrained engineers. 相似文献
11.
本文认为 ,教育的本质和素质教育的本质是一致的 ,二者没有本质的区别 ;透过二者真实关系的探讨 ,可以发现 ,教育问题不单纯是教育部门的问题。因此 ,要真正捍卫教育的本质即彻底贯彻素质教育的精神 ,除了教育部门和教育工作者必须认真扎实地做好自己本职工作外 ,还必须营造一个民主、科学、进步、宽松、和谐的社会政治文化环境。 相似文献
12.
Michel Vandenbroeck Sven De Visscher Karen Van Nuffel Johan Ferla 《Early childhood research quarterly》2008,23(2):245-258
The availability, affordability, and desirability of quality child care are matters of concern, especially for children raised in poverty, given the literature showing that young children raised in poverty can benefit from early access to quality care. The unique features of the Brussels context enable us to look at the connection between availability and parental preferences, while ‘controlling’ environmental constraints on costs and quality. We looked at access policies in 83 funded providers, and examined 100 mothers’ search for child care. The results show that quality child care was distributed unequally, favoring higher-income groups. Moreover, the access policies of individual providers furthered the exclusion of lower educated and ethnic minority parents. All parents took into account both quality and pragmatic criteria when looking for early child care, although the value of these criteria may vary according to ethnic background and education. The study also shows that access to and use of good quality care is an interactional process in which the mothers’ preferences and decisions are affected by the availability of care which, in turn, is determined by external conditions. 相似文献
13.
Higher education policies related to quality assurance are implemented in many countries. The purposes of such policies are
to ensure the provision for high-quality education, university accountability and transparency in the use of public funding
and meeting the needs of the diverse stakeholders. The current Australian Higher Education Quality Assurance Framework was
implemented in the year 2000. It can be described that the framework has been enjoyed by universities, academics and other
providers in Australia. This paper provides a brief history of quality assurance, its evolution in higher education in Australia
and current changes and trends in quality assurance in other developed countries. It then provides an analysis of the success
and deficiencies of the current framework used in Australia and suggestions which may be helpful in the development of the
new framework. The analysis includes the thoughts of the three authors based on their experience in managing quality and reviews
in seven different institutions and the views of more than 40 participants who are staff members from 25 Australian universities. 相似文献
14.
近来,我国许多旅游热点景区因游客流量在时空分布上过度集中,而出现环境质量急剧下降等问题,迫切需要有关旅游管理部门实施一系列的限游政策。为此,通过对价格规则和时间规制两种基本限游政策的分析,从经济学角度来深入剖析其规制的效率和效果:价格歧视限游方式能明显提高旺季时热点景区的运作效率,但在福利分配上却有失公平,需要对利益相关者进行补偿。而时间限游的具体实施依赖于通过改善景区质量等可持续发展保障机制改变旅游者对未来消费的预期,进而影响旅游者的跨时期出游选择。 相似文献
15.
Quality issues in the internationalisation of higher education 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Dirk Van Damme 《Higher Education》2001,41(4):415-441
Although the quality issue has become a central preoccupation inother domains of higher education, current internationalisation policiesand practices in higher education have developed without much concernfor quality assurance. The central thesis of this paper is that we havecome to a point in the development of higher education whereinternationalisation policies and practices face the limits of theirdevelopment unless the quality challenge is addressed in all itsconsequences. The paper first provides an overview of contemporary formsof and recent developments in internationalisation in higher education.From more or less `traditional' forms such as student and teaching staffmobility, internationalisation policies and practices nowadays move intoactivities such as exporting higher education via branch campuses andinstitutional co-operation, developing transnational university networksand virtual delivery of higher education, and the harmonisation ofhigher education systems. In these recent developments several issuesand challenges arise, which in one kind or another have direct links tothe quality challenge. The quality of internationalisation policies andpractices itself is an important problem, but of more importance are theissues of the recognition of foreign diplomas and degrees and therecognition of credits and credit-transfer. This paper takes a criticalstance towards for example the ECTS, which tries to solve these issueswithout much concern for quality. The way out lies in an integration ofinternationalisation policies and general quality assurance practices atinstitutional and policy levels. 相似文献
16.
Rima Bahous Nahla Nola Bacha Mona Nabhani 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2011,57(5-6):737-749
This paper reports on the multilingual background, language education policies and practices in Lebanon. Specifically, it shows how the multilingual make-up in the country is translated into language policies in schools. A survey of 30 private school principals, middle managers and teachers was administered online to obtain their views on school policies, problems, successes, concerns and quality ranking. Results showed that a great deal of work has been done to introduce a language of instruction and a third language as decreed by the Ministry of Education and at the same time keep the national language, Arabic, alive. The main concerns of the participants were the need for teacher training programmes and resources. Although the research implies that the school systems, in keeping up with this multilingual milieu, could be contributing to the death of the national language as well as producing students who are not fluent in any of the languages, there continues to be an attempt to keep alive a quality multilingual educational context which contributes to a cohesive society. 相似文献
17.
详细讨论了美国一百多年来主要水质管理政策法规的发展演变过程，并分析探讨了其重要变化特征。中国的水质管理工作起步较晚，在水质管理政策的制定和实施方面还存在着明显的不足，从美国相关政策的变化中可得到某些启迪和借鉴。 相似文献
18.
We conducted a systematic review to identify policy interventions that improve education quality and student learning in developing countries. Relying on a theory of change typology, we highlight three main drivers of change of education quality: (1) supply-side capability interventions that operate through the provision of physical and human resources, and learning materials; (2) policies that through incentives seek to influence behaviour and intertemporal preferences of teachers, households, and students; (3) bottom-up and top-down participatory and community management interventions, which operate through decentralisation reforms, knowledge diffusion, and increased community participation in the management of education systems. Overall, our findings suggest that interventions are more effective at improving student performance and learning when social norms and intertemporal choices are factored in the design of education policies, and when two or more drivers of change are combined. Thus, supply-side interventions alone are less effective than when complemented by community participation or incentives that shift preferences and behaviours. 相似文献
19.
Over the last 30 years, Chile and Mexico have been implementing neoliberal policies to reform their higher education systems. This report compares the development and impact of those policies within three main areas in both countries, namely: (1) trends and characteristics of the growing private higher education sector, (2) commercialisation and business-like trends that private academia is experiencing and, finally, (3) it discusses how all this has created tensioning situations with assessment and accrediting agencies to ensure quality in their private higher education systems. This study shows that private higher education is facing the following challenges in both nations: (1) an uncritical implementation of neoliberal policies, (2) that there is a very unregulated legislation that has allowed many private institutions to profit within loopholes in the law, (3) that quality has become a central concern and some of the mechanisms applied to correct it have not been effective, showing a lack of a comprehensive system of quality assessment, and (4) that enrolment has grown but with several mismatches that challenge the initial goal of advancing economic development through human resources capacities. Alternative policies are discussed. 相似文献
20.
欧盟基础教育政策由宏观条约宪章、周期战略、教育与培训的战略框架（十年规划）,以及学校教育质量、幼儿教育与护理、学生关键能力、辍学和移民儿童教育等政策组成。这些政策主要依托夸美纽斯计划而得以实施。欧盟基础教育政策的实施增强了教育的欧洲维度,促进了教育公平,提高了教育质量。欧盟基础教育政策在制定和实施过程中,扩大欧盟对基础教育的干预力度和基础教育对欧盟一体化的影响力度,通过合作联动欧盟所有成员国基础教育,为全球化、区域化的教育问题提供典范。 相似文献