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1.
目的 :研究60 Co辐照日粮对KM小鼠繁育情况的影响。方法 :将KM小鼠随机分组 ,用两种不同日粮分别饲喂 ,观察其生长发育情况并测定其繁殖性能。结果 :饲喂辐照组日粮的小鼠体重增加明显高于高热组 ,特别是 4、5、6周龄体重差异显著 (P <0 .0 5)。结论 :饲喂辐照日粮 ,小鼠不仅体重增长快 ,而且窝产仔数、初生窝重、离乳窝重均高于饲喂高压灭菌日粮  相似文献   

2.
不同蛋白质水平饲料对豚鼠增重的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
目的:研究不同蛋白质含量的饲料对豚鼠增重的影响.方法:用三种不同蛋白质水平的饲料饲喂离乳豚鼠,观察其生长、发育情况,测定不同时期体重增长量.结果:饲喂高蛋白配方饲料的豚鼠其日增重明显高于低蛋白配方饲料组.结论:豚鼠饲料中粗蛋白含量不能低于17.5%,粗脂肪不得低于4.2%,且必须保证3种必需氨基酸,以确保蛋白质的有效利用.  相似文献   

3.
目的:探讨日粮中添加胍基乙酸对断乳仔猪生长发育性能的影响。方法:选择28日龄断乳、健康的杜长大三元杂交仔猪120头,随机分为4组,即对照组,试验Ⅰ～Ⅲ组,每组30头。分别饲喂在基础日粮中添加0、150、300、450 mg/kg的胍基乙酸,试验期共35 d,研究其对仔猪生长性能及抗氧化能力的影响。结果:与对照组相比较,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组仔猪的平均末重和平均日增重均显著高于对照组(P0.05),而试验Ⅰ组与对照组和试验Ⅱ组之间差异不显著(P0.05);试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组料重比均显著高于对照组(P0.05),试验Ⅰ组与对照组以及试验各组之间差异均不显著(P0.05);试验各组及对照组之间仔猪采食量差异均不显著(P0.05)。随日粮中添加胍基乙酸剂量增加,血清中MDA含量呈逐渐降低趋势,且均显著低于对照组(P0.05);SOD和T-AOC活性均有不同程度提高,以试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组较对照组增加明显(P0.05);GSH-Px活性各试验组与对照组之间均无明显差异(P0.05)。结论:日粮中添加胍基乙酸可提高断乳猪的生长性能,改善其抗氧化能力,且以添加300 mg/kg以上效果明显。  相似文献   

4.
目的 :探讨添加不同水平的叶酸对雏鸡免疫功能的影响。方法 :应用 12 0只海兰商品代一日龄雏鸡 ,饲以基础日粮 ,分别添加六个水平 (磺胺 0 .12 5mg/kg、叶酸 0、0 .4、0 .5、0 .6、1.0mg/kg)的日粮 ,试验期为六周。观察T细胞百分数的变化。结果 :磺胺组T细胞百分数显著低于对照组及应用叶酸组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;应用不同添加量叶酸的各组T细胞百分数也存在一定的差异 ,随叶酸量增加而增加 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :应用磺胺药可降低叶酸的合成 ,叶酸的缺乏会导致免疫功能的低下。  相似文献   

5.
为研究不同营养水平日粮对早期饲喂的肉鸡生产性能和免疫机能的影响,选择刚出壳AA肉仔鸡480只（雌雄各半）,对照组饲喂常规日粮,试验Ⅰ组饲喂高营养水平日粮,试验Ⅱ组饲喂低营养水平日粮．结果表明：试验Ⅰ组体重分别比对照组和试验Ⅱ组提高5．28％（P〈0．05）和9．61％（P〈0．05）;法氏囊指数分别比对照组和试验Ⅱ组提高6．27％（P〈0．05）和9．75％（P〈0．05）,脾脏指数分别提高5．8％（P〈0．05）和13．84％（P〈0．05）;试验Ⅰ组新城疫抗体水平分别提高2．92％和12．5％（P〈0．05）．高营养水平日粮有利于生产性能和免疫机能的提高．  相似文献   

6.
目的:以去势公猪为试验对象,研究日粮中添加脱氢表雄酮(DHEA)对其胴体品质和抗氧化能力的影响。方法:将45头体质量40kg左右的杜×(长·大)三元杂交去势公猪,随机分成3组,即对照组(基础日粮)、试验Ⅰ组(基础日粮+25mg/kg DHEA)和试验Ⅱ组(基础日粮+75mg/kg DHEA),饲喂105d后,从每组选择6头去势公猪进行屠宰,测定胴体性状与肉质性状;并采集血样,用于血清甲状腺激素水平及抗氧化能力的测定。结果:不同质量浓度(25、75mg/kg)的DHEA处理显著降低了去势公猪平均背膘厚,并显著增加试验Ⅱ组猪的眼肌面积,但对其胴体质量、屠宰率、胴体长均无显著影响(P0.05);25mg/kg DHEA处理可显著提高肌肉b*值,而对其余常规肉质指标影响不显著;显著提高血清三碘甲腺氨酸含量,但对血清甲状腺素含量的影响不显著;25mg/kg DHEA处理可显著提高血清T-SOD活性(P0.01),降低血清MDA含量(P0.05)。结论:日粮中添加DHEA可提高去势公猪抗氧化能力,并可改善其胴体性状,但不影响其肉质性状。  相似文献   

7.
【目的】:研究基础日粮中添加不同水平的大蒜素对不同日龄的天长三黄鸡部分血液生化指标的影响。【方法】:选用400只1日龄天长三黄鸡,随机分成4组,每组5个重复,每个重复20只。空白对照组饲喂基础日粮,三个试验组日粮中分别添加量50mg/kg、100mg/kg和150mg/kg的大蒜素,测定天长三黄鸡血清中GLU(血糖)、ALP(碱性磷酸酶)、TP(总蛋白)、ALB(白蛋白)、GLO(球蛋白)的含量。【结果】:与对照组相比,各试验组天长三黄鸡血清中GLU含量下降,且以添加100mg/kg大蒜素降低最显著(P0.05)。试验各组21日龄天长三黄鸡血清ALP的含量显著低于对照组(P0.05),且TP、ALB、GLO含量随着大蒜素添加剂量的增加呈现升高趋势。大蒜素使42日龄天长三黄鸡血清ALP、TP、ALB、GLO的含量均比对照组有不同程度的增加,其中各试验组血清ALB含量显著高于对照组(P0.05)。【结论】:本结果提示日粮中添加150mg/kg的大蒜素对天长三黄鸡生长发育后期起到较好的抗病促生长作用。  相似文献   

8.
目的:研究植物精油对肉猪生长性能及其肉品质的影响。方法:选择日龄、体重相近的杜长大三元杂交猪共340头,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复17只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别饲喂在基础日粮中添加50、100、150、200 mg/kg精油的日粮。试验期共120 d。饲养试验结束后,每个重复随机抽取接近平均体重的肉猪1头,共20头进行屠宰测定其肉品质。结果:添加植物精油各组仔猪的总增重、平均日增重和平均日采食量都高于对照组,料重比均低于对照组,其中Ⅱ、Ⅲ组与对照组之间差异显著(P0.05)。肉猪饲料消耗量和平均日采食量均随着植物精油添加剂量增大呈增加趋势,但添加量过多则使采食量下降,对照组与试验各组之间差异均不显著(P0.05)。与对照组相比,各组的滴水损失、熟肉率以及失水率都有显著的降低(P0.05)。结论:在日粮中添加植物精油可提高肉猪的生长性能,改善猪肉的保水力,且以添加100 mg/kg的剂量较为适宜。  相似文献   

9.
目的:评估日粮中新鲜发酵豆粕对仔猪生长的促进作用及对畜舍空气质量的改善作用。创新点:首次证实新鲜发酵豆粕的使用可提高仔猪对日粮氮的利用,降低氮排泄以及降低畜舍氨气和颗粒物浓度。方法:选择日龄相近的472头保育仔猪(长×大二元杂交,体重(16.3±0.36)kg),随机分为两组,每组236头。对照组饲喂不添加新鲜发酵豆粕的基础日粮,试验组饲喂添加10%新鲜发酵豆粕的日粮(FSM组),两组日粮的粗蛋白含量一致。试验期28天,试验期间监测畜舍氨气和颗粒物浓度(图1和2),试验结束采样进行化学检测。结论:与对照组相比,FSM组的平均日增重显著提高(P0.05)。在整个实验过程中,与对照组相比,FSM组猪舍中NH_3浓度下降了19.0%(P0.05),颗粒物(PM_(10)和PM_(2.5))浓度分别下降了19.9%(P0.05)和11.6%(P0.05)。FSM组粪便中氨态氮和亚硝酸盐含量分别增加了32.9%(P0.05)和28.4%(P0.05)。与对照组相比,FSM组粪便p H值明显下降(P0.05)。试验结束时,FSM组的总蛋白浓度显著增加(P0.05),血清尿素氮(BUN)浓度降低(P0.05)。结果表明,日粮中新鲜发酵豆粕不仅提高了保育猪的生长性能,而且减少了粪便中氮向NH_3的转化,降低了畜舍中PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)的浓度。  相似文献   

10.
探讨不同结构日粮对1～3月龄荷斯坦公犊瘤胃组织结构的影响。选择30头、初生重（36.19±3.21）kg的荷斯坦奶公犊,屠宰刚出生的荷斯坦公犊3头,其余27头随机分为3个试验组（Ⅰ组：全乳组;Ⅱ组：全乳＋精料组;Ⅲ：精料组）,在1、2和3月龄时从每组中随机抽取3头（共9头）进行屠宰试验。结果表明：犊牛体重随日龄的增加而增加,且日粮成分影响犊牛体重。在1～3月龄时Ⅰ组犊牛体重极显著高于Ⅲ组（P〈0.01）,说明全乳饲喂犊牛生长发育优于其它两组。在1～3月龄时犊牛日增重随日龄的增加而增加,在3月龄时到最大值,为1.11kg。不同日粮对犊牛日增重有影响,1和2月龄时Ⅲ组犊牛日增重显著低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组（P〈0.05）,3月龄时Ⅲ组犊牛日增重显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组（P〈0.05）,说明饲喂精料组（Ⅲ组）犊牛后期的生长发育好于全乳组（Ⅰ组）。不同日粮类型显著影响瘤胃黏膜的发育,1～3月龄时全乳饲喂（Ⅰ组）的犊牛瘤胃黏膜发育情况明显低于其它两组。不同结构日粮对1～3月龄荷斯坦公犊瘤胃的发育有显著的影响（P〈0.05）。  相似文献   

11.
We investigated the effects of fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) on growth performance and humoral immune response of the large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea R.). One thousand and two hundred large yellow croakers [initial average weight: (162.75±23.85) g] were divided into four groups and reared in floating sea cages (3 m×3 m×3 m). The animals were fed with 4 diets: basal diet only (control) or diets supplemented with 5%, 10% and 15% (w/w) FPH. The results show that dietary FPH levels significantly influenced the growth and immunity of the large yellow croaker. Compared with the control group, total weight gain (TWG) in all treatment groups, relative weight gain (RWG) and specific growth rate (SGR) in fish fed with diets supplemerited with 10% and 15% FPH were significantly increased (P＜0.05). Similar results were observed in immune parameters [lysozyme activity, serum complements, immunoglobulin M (IgM)]. Lysozyme activity, complement C4 and IgM were also significantly increased (P＜0.05) in fish fed with diets supplemented with 10% and 15% FPH, while complement C3 level was significantly increased (P＜0.05) in all treatment groups. In general, with the supplementation of FPH, particularly at dose of 10%,the growth performance and immunity of the large yellow croaker can be improved effectively.  相似文献   

12.
INTRODUCTION Transformation, proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) into en- domembrane of arteries are the pathological mani- festations of atherosclerosis. Gap junction (GJ) and connexin (Cx) situated between endothelial cells play an important role in this process. Currently, connexin between VSMCs that have been recognized at protein molecular level includes Cx40, Cx43, and Cx37 (Li and Simardm, 1999). It showed that the occurrence of arteriosclerosi…  相似文献   

13.
Objective： The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） has markedly increased. Insulin resistance has been implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. This study was aimed at observing the relationship between insulin resistance and NAFLD, and evaluating the role of pioglitazone （PGZ） acting as insulin-sensitizing agents in the prevention and treatment of rat fatty liver induced by high fat feeding. Methods： The rats were separated randomly into 6 groups： model group Ⅰ were fed high fat diet for 8 weeks, PGZ prevention group were given PGZ 4 mg/（kg.d） simultaneously, while control group Ⅰ were fed normal food for 8 weeks; model group Ⅱ were fed high fat diet for 16 weeks, PGZ treatment group were given PGZ 4 mg/（kg.d） orally simultaneous with high fat diet for 8 weeks after high fat feeding for 8 weeks, control group Ⅱ were fed normal food for 16 weeks. The rats were sacrificed after 8 weeks and 16 weeks respectively. Liver weight, body weight, serum activities of alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, alkaline phosphatase （ALP）, tumor necrosis factor alpha （TNF-α）, fasting blood glucose （FBG）, fasting plasma insulin （FINS）, HOMA （homeostasis model assessment） insulin resistance index （HOMA-IR）, and the liver histology of rats of all groups were assayed. Results： After 8 weeks, the liver in model group Ⅰ showed typical steatosis, accompanied with mild to moderate lobular inflammatory cell infiltration, liver indexes and serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, TNF-α were significantly increased （P〈0.05） compared with control group Ⅰ. Whereas, the degree of hepatic injury was attenuated in PGZ prevention group, liver indexes and serum levels of ALT, ALP were significantly decreased （P〈0.05） compared with model group Ⅰ. After 16 weeks, notable steatosis, and lobular inflammation were observed in model group Ⅱ rat liver, while the degree of hepatic injury was attenuated in the PGZ treatment group. Liver index, serum levels ofALT, AST, ALP, FINS and HOMA-IR were significantly increased （P〈0.05） in model group Ⅱ compared with control group Ⅱ. Whereas, in PGZ treatment group, serum levels of AST and FINS showed decreasing tendency, liver indexes, serum levels of ALT, ALP, TNF-α and HOMA-IR were significantly decreased compared with model group Ⅱ. Conclusion： Insulin resistance plays a role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD in rats. Pioglitazone can attenuate insulin resistance and biochemical and histological injury in high fat-induced fatty liver in rats.  相似文献   

14.
To investigate the effects of hypoxic exercise training on microRNA (miRNA) expression and the role of miRNA expression in regulating lipid metabolism, 20 dietary-induced obese SD rats were divided into a normoxic sedentary group (N, n=10) and a hypoxic exercise training group (H, n=10). After four weeks, measurements were taken of body weight, body length, fat mass, serum lipid concentration, miRNAs differentially expressed in rat liver, and gene and protein expression levels of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα), fatty acid synthetase (FAS), and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A (CPT1A) in rat liver. Body weight, Lee’s index, fat mass, fat/weight ratio, and serum levels of total cholesterol (TC) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were all significantly lower in the H group than in the N group (P<0.01). Six miRNAs expressed significantly differently in the liver (P<0.05). Specifically, expression levels of miR-378b were significantly lower in the H group than in the N group (P<0.05). Compared with the normoxic sedentary group, hypoxic exercise training resulted in a lower ratio of FAS mRNA to CPT1A mRNA (P<0.05), as well as lower CPT1A protein levels (P<0.01), while a higher ratio of FAS to CPT1A protein levels (P<0.01) was observed. In conclusion, hypoxic training may elevate the resistance of high fat diet induced obesity in rats by reducing the expression of miR-378b, and decrease the fatty acid mitochondrial oxidation in obese rat livers by decreasing the protein expression of CPT1A and increasing the protein expression ratio of FAS/CPT1A.  相似文献   

15.
低聚壳聚糖对肉仔鸡生长性能及免疫器官发育的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
480羽1日龄AA肉鸡,随机分为4组,每组120羽,设6个重复,其中空白对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,抗生素组基础日粮添加50mg/kg金霉素,试验Ⅰ组(低聚壳聚糖剂量组)和试验Ⅱ组(黄芪多糖高剂量组)分别添加20mg/kg和40mg/kg低聚壳聚糖,试验期42d,研究低聚壳聚糖对肉仔鸡生长性能及免疫器官发育的影响。结果显示,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组肉仔鸡的平均体重、日增重、免疫器官重量及其指数均不同程度高于同期空白对照组和抗生素组,其中平均体重与日增重多差异显著(P<0.05),部分免疫器官重量与指数有统计学意义(P<0.05);平均料重比均较明显地低于同日龄空白对照组和抗生素组。试验结果表明,基础日粮添加20、40mg/kg低聚壳聚糖对肉鸡的生长性能及免疫器官发育具有较明显的促进作用,可提高肉鸡的平均日增重和饲料转化率,增强机体的免疫功能。  相似文献   

16.
The effects of different fatty acid (FA) contents in diet on serum parameters, FA compositions of eggs and meat, and liver morphological changes were studied in Shaoxing laying ducks. A total of 264 ducks at 17 weeks were fed a control diet or a diet containing 30 g/kg fish oil (FO), 25 g/kg sunflower oil (SO), or 30 g/kg palm oil with 20 g/kg beef tallow (PBO). Malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the liver and the serum of ducks fed the PBO diet was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of ducks fed the other diets. Triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels were significantly lower (P<0.05) in ducks fed the FO diet. Serum TC also was lower in ducks fed the SO diet. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was also affected by diets. The contents of polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) in eggs and meat were significantly higher (P<0.001) in ducks fed the FO and SO diets than in ducks fed the control diet. The level of C22:6 (n-3) FA in ducks fed the FO diet was significantly higher than that in ducks fed the other diets. However, the conversion efficiency of the longer-chain C20:5 (n-3) FA was higher than that of C22:6 (n-3). Ducks fed the PBO diet exhibited lipid droplet accumulation in the liver. These results demonstrate that a diet enriched with different FAs has strong effects on serum lipid levels and the deposition of PUFAs into tissue lipids.  相似文献   

17.
目的:探讨沙参麦冬汤对慢性支气管炎大鼠肺、脑组织抗氧化能力的影响.方法:70只SD大鼠,随机分为对照组、慢支模型组、沙参麦冬汤高、低剂量组和氨茶碱组,采用混合烟熏方法复制慢性支气管炎大鼠动物模型,对照组与慢支模型组灌服生理盐水10 mL/kg·d,高剂量组灌服沙参麦冬汤10 mL/kg·d,低剂量组灌服沙参麦冬汤5 mL/kg·d,氨茶碱组灌服氨茶碱0.25 g/kg·d,灌胃期30 d.实验结束后,测定体重和肺指数,测定肺、脑组织中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢(CAT)的活力和丙二醛(MDA)的含量.结果:各组的肺指数差异均不显著(P>0.05),沙参麦冬汤对慢支大鼠肺、脑的CAT活性无明显影响(P>0.05),但能显著提高肺、脑组织中SOD,GSH-Px的活性(P<0.05),显著降低肺、脑MDA的含量(P<0.05).结论:沙参麦冬汤可以提高慢支大鼠肺、脑组织的抗氧化能力,降低烟雾造成的氧化损伤.  相似文献   

18.
Stress affects the male reproductive system and can cause sub-fertility or infertility. Although Phyllanthus emblica L. (PE) extract has been shown to have high antioxidant capacity and protective properties in damaged tissue, the preventive effects of PE extract on testicular function from stress-related impairment have never been demonstrated. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PE aqueous leaf extract on testicular impairment and protein marker changes in rats suffering from chronic stress. Adult male rats were divided into four groups: a control group, a chronic stress (CS) group, and two groups with CS that received different doses of PE extract (50 or 100 mg/kg body weight (BW)). In the treatment groups, the animals were given PE extract daily before stress induction for 42 consecutive days. Stress was induced through immobilization (4 h/d) followed by forced cold swimming (15 min/d). Sperm quality and the histology of the testes and caudal epididymis were examined, as were levels of serum corticosterone, testosterone, and malondialdehyde (MDA). The expressions of testicular steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) and tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins were investigated using immuno-Western blot analysis, as these proteins are assumed to play important roles in spermatogenesis and androgen synthesis. The results showed that PE (50 mg/kg BW) significantly increased sperm concentration and testosterone levels, while decreasing corticosterone levels, MDA levels, sperm head abnormalities, and acrosome-reacted sperm in CS rats. In addition, PE at both doses was found to diminish testicular histopathology in the CS rats. We also found that 50 mg/kg BW of PE significantly improved StAR protein expression and altered the intensities of some tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in testis. We conclude that PE leaf extract at 50 mg/kg BW can prevent testicular damage in rats with CS.  相似文献   

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