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学生学业成败归因倾向已成为教育研究的一个重要课题。对南通大学两个不同专业学生成败归因倾向的调查表明,重视对学生归因倾向的研究、引导学生对学习结果多作努力归因、积极帮助学生增强自我效能、克服习得无助是提高大学英语教学水平的有效途径。 相似文献
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论教师归因对学生归因的影响及教育对策 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对学业成就的的成败，不同的学生有不同的归因，影响学生的归因有许多因素，其中教师的归因是其重要因素之一，教师的归因往往通过其行为影响学生的自我归因，进而影响学生的后继行为，而学生的后继行为又会影响其学业成就，本文旨在运用归因理论分析教师的归因及行为对学生归因的影响，并探讨相应的教育对策，以期通过师生积极的正确的归因，端正学生成就动机和后继行为，提高学习绩效。 相似文献
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本文首先介绍了与成就动机、自我效能感、习得性无助有关的归因结果理论,接着指出在教学实际中为了引导学生做出适当归因,改善成就行为,教师应注意的问题:了解学生的归因特点,给予学生适当的评价,提供适时适度的帮助指导,把握好教材和考题的难度。 相似文献
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处于成长的过渡阶段的大学生在社会中总会遇到各种不同的挫折或失败,培养他们掌握正确的自我归因能力是高校教师在其成长过程中不可忽视的问题。该文通过介绍自我归因能力以及分析其对大学生的影响,从理论和实践两个方面总结出高校教师如何引导大学生自我归因能力的培养。 相似文献
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《校园英语(教研版)》2015,(5):27-29
归因是心理学中的概念,但在二语习得方面有很重要的应用。在韦纳动机归因理论和其他国外研究的基础上,我国学者对中国学生,尤其是非英语专业大学生的英语学习归因情况做了大量研究,并从二语习得归因理论、外语教学归因、归因对学习动机的影响、成败归因及其对策等方面进行了阐述和讨论。结果表明,正确的成败归因将促进自主学习,而不适当的归因可能导致习得性无助。对此,文末给出了学生和老师的归因改进策略以促进非英语专业大学生的英语学习。 相似文献
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袁盈儿 《宁波教育学院学报》2022,(1):43-47
习得性无助感是一种普遍存在的心理障碍,在小学英语学习过程中,由于小学生内因如缺乏成功体验、不恰当的归因和不正确的比较以及家庭、学校和教师的外因共同影响下的一种低自我效能感、低学习动机的认知障碍。通过集体干预的形式,从儿童的英语学科核心能力、归因方式、自我认知以及家长认知四个方面进行干预,旨在将儿童习得性无助感转变为高自我效能感。 相似文献
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巴文娟 《西安铁路职业技术学院学报》2007,(1):59-61
“习得性无助”是五年制高职学生在学习中因频繁挫折体验而产生的一种心理现象。具有学习动机不足、缺乏自我效能感、自我评价过低及情绪失调等心理特征。可运用创设机会体验成功、正确归因、分层次教学、教师期望效应等教育策略帮助他们恢复自信。摆脱无助。 相似文献
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"习得性无助"是学生在学习中因受到频繁的挫折体验而产生的一种心理现象,具有学习动力不足、缺乏自我效能感、自我评价过低及情绪失调等心理特征。可以运用创设机会体验成功、正确归因、分层次教学、教师期望效应等教育策略帮助他们恢复自信,摆脱无助。 相似文献
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归因理论在高校体育专业教学中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
谢诚 《湖北大学成人教育学院学报》2004,22(5):64-67
归因理论是人们用来解释自己或他人行为因果关系的信息理论。本文探讨了将归因理论应用到高校体育专业术科教学中对激发学生成就动机的作用，以及归因理论对提高术科课程教学质量所具有的积极意义；并根据大学生的学习特点提出了教师在术科教学过程中指导学生进行正确归因的有效途径。 相似文献
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高职院外语学习者学业成败自我归因的调查与分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
谭碧云 《湖北广播电视大学学报》2009,29(9):28-29
本文采用了定量的方法,对一所高职院学生学业成败自我归因模式展开了分析与研究,并得出了以下结论：1）学生多种归因并存;2）学习动机强的学生和学习动机弱的学生在归因上存在多方面的差异。针对学生的归因特点,本文提出了对学生进行归因训练以期促进学生的积极归因模式的形成。 相似文献
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Steve Urbani Michael Robert Smith Cleborne D. Maddux Marlowe H. Smaby Edil Torres‐Rivera Judith Crews 《Counselor Education & Supervision》2002,42(2):92-106
The authors studied the effectiveness of the skilled counselor training model (SCTM). Counseling students who completed the SCTM demonstrated greater gains in skills acquisition and counseling self‐efficacy than counseling students who did not receive the training. At pretest, the counseling students in both groups, doing self‐appraisals, rated their performance of counseling skills significantly higher than trained raters assessed the students' performance of counseling skills. At posttest, members of the control group continued to overestimate their skills levels when compared with the ratings given by the trained raters, whereas, in comparison, students who received SCTM training underestimated their performance. 相似文献
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略论当代大学生体育精神的培养 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
张新 《扬州大学学报(高教研究版)》2005,9(5):91-93
中华体育精神是我国社会主义精神文明的重要组成部分,是中华民族的宝贵精神财富.培养学生的体育精神,既有助于其德智体的全面发展、精神面貌的改观和身心的健康发展,也有助于其高尚生活情趣和正确人生态度的形成.大学体育教学要把体育精神的培养与体育技术的教学有机融合,为国家培养全面发展的创新型人才. 相似文献
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大学生英语学业自我概念与教师有效教学策略研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据自我概念的内涵所设计的学生自我概念量表测试表明,学生的英语学业自我概念与学生英语学业成绩与英语学习归因之间存在相互影响和相互作用的关系。在此基础上,本文提出了英语教师的有效教学策略:因材施教,促进自我概念的发展;及时强化,建立积极的自我概念;不断反思,形成稳定的自我概念;保持合力,构建一致性的自我概念。 相似文献
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P. M. Kruit R. J. Oostdam E. van den Berg J. A. Schuitema 《International Journal of Science Education》2018,40(4):421-441
In most primary science classes, students are taught science inquiry skills by way of learning by doing. Research shows that explicit instruction may be more effective. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of explicit instruction on the acquisition of inquiry skills. Participants included 705 Dutch fifth and sixth graders. Students in an explicit instruction condition received an eight-week intervention of explicit instruction on inquiry skills. In the lessons of the implicit condition, all aspects of explicit instruction were absent. Students in the baseline condition followed their regular science curriculum. In a quasi-experimental pre-test–post-test design, two paper-and-pencil tests and three performance assessments were used to examine the acquisition and transfer of inquiry skills. Additionally, questionnaires were used to measure metacognitive skills. The results of a multilevel analysis controlling for pre-tests, general cognitive ability, age, gender and grade level indicated that explicit instruction facilitates the acquisition of science inquiry skills. Specifically on the performance assessment with an unfamiliar topic, students in the explicit condition outperformed students of both the implicit and baseline condition. Therefore, this study provides a strong argument for including an explicit teaching method for developing inquiry skills in primary science education. 相似文献
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Evelyn Shyamala Devadason Thirunaukarasu Subramaniam Esther Gnanamalar Sarojini Daniel 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2010,11(3):321-348
A recent initiative or skill bridging measure taken by the Malaysian public universities is to build into the formal curriculum soft skills to produce graduates with a right balance of diverse abilities. However, to date, there is no comprehensive attempt to review the integration of soft skills in the formal curriculum (both coursework and training) of university programmes. The paper therefore reviews the adequacy of the infusion and acquisition of the entire range of skills embedded in taught courses and practical/industrial training from the students’ perspective. The specific focus of the study is to identify what worked well and what had not in acquiring the skills designated in the teaching–learning process. The key findings of the study are as follows. First, the perceived infusion–acquisition of skill types differs unequivocally between coursework and training, suggesting the complementary nature of both components of the formal curriculum for the integration of soft skills. Second, the infusion–acquisition of soft skills remains highly concentrated on specific items/skills for both coursework and training. For the coursework component, communication skills explain most of the total variance, whilst moral and professional ethics ranks first in explaining the total variance for the training component. In total, the perceived low and selective appreciation of skills by students signals the need to readdress the existing strategies within the teaching–learning process to ensure a better integration of soft skills. 相似文献
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提高可雇佣性技能是解决大学生就业难问题的重要途径之一。基于可雇佣性技能开发的教学改革,有利于端正学习态度,培养学生良好学习习惯,提升就业竞争力和个人发展能力．形成良好的“成才导向”。为此,要抓好人才培养模式、课堂教学、实践实习三个方面,突出可雇佣性技能训练,建立可雇佣性技能指标体系,制定阶段性升级式培养方案,探寻校企合作课堂教学模式,引导学生建立个人可雇佣性技能发展档案,强化学生提高可雇佣性技能意识。 相似文献
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For self-regulated learning to be effective, students need to be able to accurately assess their own performance on a learning task and use this assessment for the selection of a new learning task. Evidence suggests, however, that students have difficulties with accurate self-assessment and task selection, which may explain the poor learning outcomes often found with self-regulated learning. In experiment 1, the hypothesis was investigated and confirmed that observing a human model engaging in self-assessment, task selection, or both could be effective for secondary education students’ (N = 80) acquisition of self-assessment and task-selection skills. Experiment 2 investigated and confirmed the hypothesis that secondary education students’ (N = 90) acquisition of self-assessment and task-selection skills, either through examples or through practice, would enhance the effectiveness of self-regulated learning. It can be concluded that self-assessment and task-selection skills indeed play an important role in self-regulated learning and that training these skills can significantly increase the amount of knowledge students can gain from self-regulated learning in which they choose their own learning tasks. 相似文献
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This study investigated the effectiveness of combining simultaneous prompting (SP) and constant time delay (CTD) (hereafter SP–CTD instructional sequence) in teaching early academic skills to five students with intellectual disabilities (ID). A multiple-probe design was used to examine the functional relationship between the SP and CTD instructional sequence and the acquisition of letter–sound correspondences and number recognition. The results showed the effectiveness of the procedure, as all students acquired their target skills in 7–12 sessions, with an average error rate of 8%. Maintenance effects were assessed at 2, 6, and 10 weeks after the intervention to measure participants’ retention of these acquired skills. Three students preserved their skills with 100% accuracy, while two students did so with more than 90% accuracy. The data indicate that instruction consisting of probe trials, 0-s trials, and 5-s trials leads to improvements in early academic skills among students with ID. 相似文献
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Della M. A. Fazey 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》1993,18(3):235-250
The ability to use appropriate self‐assessment skills for monitoring and planning for progress is often assumed to be well developed in higher education (HE) students. This paper argues that this cannot be taken for granted and that, as teachers in HE, we must explicitly address the issue of self‐assessment skill acquisition. The development of a personal development diary, supported by the Enterprise in Higher Education (EHE) initiative at the University College of North Wales (UCNW), Bangor, is described. Learning principles consistent both with the literature on skill acquisition and the objective of enabling students in HE to have control over their own learning determined this development and are presented in the paper. Whilst successful in achieving its aims, it is recognised that the diary, as developed, is not widely accessible to students. An alternative or complementary learning procedure, which can be used with large groups for the acquisition of skills, is also reported. 相似文献