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1.
李抒  曹甍  邹昱  唐玉成 《体育学刊》2023,(4):138-144
为观察并比较12周高强度间歇训练(HIIT)和中等强度持续训练(MICT)干预对肥胖儿童内脏脂肪和心肺适能的改善作用。60名肥胖儿童(11.0±0.8)岁，男女生各30人随机分为HIIT组，MICT组和CON组。HIIT组进行强度为100%～110%最大有氧速度的高强度间歇训练；MICT组进行强度为70%～80%最大有氧速度的中等强度持续训练。干预前后分别测量受试者的身体成分、内脏脂肪、最大摄氧量、收缩压和舒张压，利用SPSS 22.0软件对测试结果进行统计学分析，采用一般线性模型单变量分析和简单效应模型比较各指标的组内和组间差异，并通过Pearson相关性分析观察各指标变化之间的关系。结果：12周干预后组内比较的结果显示，HIIT和MICT组受试者的BMI和躯干脂肪较干预前显著减少，最大摄氧量显著增加；HIIT组的内脏脂肪面积和MICT组的全身脂肪含量较干预前显著减少；组间比较结果显示，HIIT对最大摄氧量的增加和对内脏脂肪的减少作用显著大于MICT，而MICT对全身脂肪和下肢脂肪的减少作用显著大于HIIT；相关性分析结果显示，内脏脂肪和全身脂肪含量的减少与最大摄氧量的增加呈负相关(...  相似文献   

2.
近些年来,大强度间歇训练广泛的应用于大众健身和运动减肥领域。本文采用文献资料法梳理总结了HIIT对肥胖人群的干预效果,得出以下结论:(1)与中等强度持续训练相比,HIIT提高运动效率;增强运动后过量氧耗EPOC;抑制食欲,控制体重方面更具有优势;(2) HIIT与MICT在体重、BMI、Fat%、腰臀比方面具有相似的运动效果,但HIIT能降低内脏脂肪含量,而中低强度持续训练却无此效果;(3) HIIT能改善心肺耐力,显著提高最大摄氧量。  相似文献   

3.
【目的】通过12周高强度间歇训练（HIIT）模式的搏击操运动与同等剂量的中等强度持续训练（MICT）模式的跑步运动对肥胖男大学生身体成分影响的比较分析,评价搏击操运动作为一种HIIT模式对肥胖男大学生身体成分影响的有效性。【方法】以30名肥胖男大学生为实验对象,以体重为匹配变量分为2组,MICT组和HIIT组,进行12周的运动干预。MICT组每周进行6天,每天32min跑步运动,运动强度为60-75%HRpeak。HIIT组每周进行6天,每天4次4min的搏击操运动,间歇期为2min的完全休息,每天运动时间为16min。运动强度为85-95%HRpeak。研究指标包括体重、BMI、WHR,脂肪质量、FMI、BF%、肌肉质量和LMI。【结果】（1）与干预前相比,MICT组和HIIT组肥胖男大学生干预后体重（p<0.01,p<0.01)、BMI(p<0.01,p<0.01)、WHR(p<0.01,p<0.01)、脂肪质量（p<0.01,p<0.01)、BF%(p<0.01,p<0.01)、FMI(p<0.01,p<0....  相似文献   

4.
目的探讨8周高强度间歇训练(High Intensity Interval Training,HIIT)对男子赛艇公开级运动员血红蛋白和身体成分的影响。方法某省16名男子赛艇公开级运动员作为研究对象,采取随机抽样的方式分成对照组和高强度间歇组(HIIT组),每组各8例。连续8周对照组采用一般日常训练,HIIT组增加高强度间歇训练。比较训练前后两组血红蛋白和身体成分指标变化情况。结果 HIIT组8名队员训练前后血红蛋白水平有显著提高(P<0.05),对照组不显著(P>0.05);体重和脂肪百分比含量下降,对照组显著(p<0.05),HIIT组极显著(p<0.01);而瘦体重和去脂体重,HIIT组有显著增加(p<0.05),对照组变化不明显(p>0.05)。结论 8周HIIT训练能明显提高赛艇男子公开级运动员血红蛋白水平,并显著降低体脂,增加瘦体重和去脂体重。  相似文献   

5.
目的：探讨高强度间歇训练(HIIT)对增龄大鼠脂肪组织衰老相关分泌表型(SASP)的影响及机制。方法：将18月龄雌性大鼠分为安静对照组(SED)、持续性耐力组(MICT)和HIIT组，每组12只。HIIT组起始速度为15 m/min，时间为4 min；之后进行高强度训练，速度为25 m/min，运动1 min，依次交替9个循环。MICT组以17 m/min速度运动45 min，持续8个月。免疫组化观测内脏脂肪β-半乳糖苷酶，蛋白免疫印迹和RT-qPCR检测脂肪组织p16-INK4a、p53、脂联素(Adiponectin)、瘦素(Leptin)、白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)表达，蛋白免疫印迹检测核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)、p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38MAPK)、蛋白激酶B(AKT)、核转录因子-κB抑制蛋白α(IkBα)和c-Jun N端激酶(JNK)总蛋白及其磷酸化水平，蛋白免疫荧光观察p16-INK4a、p-NF-κB和p-lkBα蛋白含量。...  相似文献   

6.
目的：探析高强度间歇训练(high-intensity interval training,HIIT)对青年女性身体活动(physical activity,PA)和身体成分的影响,并进一步探究HIIT对身体成分的干预效果是否受到PA影响。方法：招募62名非规律运动青年女性,随机分为HIIT组(HIIT,n=30)和对照组(CON,n=32)。HIIT组完成12周,每周3次的训练：训练目标强度为90%HRmax,每次训练中20 s功能性训练和10 s休息为1组,重复8组,共4 min。CON组不参与运动。干预前、后分别进行问卷调查、身体成分、心肺耐力和PA测试。采用配对t检验分析干预前后组内差异,采用混合线性模型分析干预前、后组间差异。对组间差异显著的结果指标构建模型,以HIIT、PA和交互项为固定效应,以个体差异为随机效应。结果：1)与CON组相比,12周干预后HIIT组体脂率和脂肪重量显著改善(P<0.001),其中,脂肪重量效应量中等(Cohen’s d=1.02),体脂率效应量大(Cohen’s d=1.25);而体重、身体质量指数、腰围和去脂体重无...  相似文献   

7.
目的：对比分析高强度间歇训练(HIIT)和中等强度持续训练(MICT)对心血管患者血脂水平的影响,探究有氧运动改善心血管疾病危险因素的价值。方法：计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网(CNKI)和中国生物医学文献数据库(CMB)中关于HIIT和MICT对心血管危险因素影响的随机对照实验(RCTs)成果,检索时限为建库至2023年2月,通过文献质量评价提取数据,采用Sata15.0、RevMan5.3统计软件进行Meta分析。结果：纳入文献11篇,涉及受试者327名。实验组(HIIT)与对照组(MICT)相比,对心血管改善作用相近,对高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)改善程度略优于对照组(WMD=0.062,95%CI,0.005-0.119,P=0.033),对低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)改善程度无显著差异(WMD=-0.001,95%CI,-0.159-0.158,P=0.995),对总胆固醇(TC)改善程度无显著差异(WMD=0.021,95%CI,-0.177-0.220,P=0.834),对甘油三酯(TRG)改善程度不及对照组(...  相似文献   

8.
目的：该文使用系统综述方法对关于高强度间歇训练对参与者主观负荷强度（RPE）以及情绪体验影响的现有实证研究主要结果进行整合与综述。方法：通过文献检索与筛查，共纳入22项符合条件的研究，对这些研究从研究设计、参与者特征、HIIT练习任务，以及HIIT对RPE和个体情绪体验影响的主要结果进行了系统分析。结果：（1）现有研究多从HIIT与中等强度连续训练（MICT）的对比研究角度入手；（2）研究被试相对较为单一，HIIT活动以"中量规范"任务为主；（3） HIIT活动中和活动后的RPE等级一般高于或等同于MICT组。（4）对练习的主观情绪检验也多为积极，但较强依赖于单次练习持续的时间。结论：作为一种较为复杂的锻炼活动形式，HIIT对主观负荷强度和情绪体验的影响与MICT相比更为复杂多样，其效果与HIIT任务规范、参与者身体条件等因素密切相关。在此基础上对今后研究亟需解决的问题及应注意的问题进行了讨论。  相似文献   

9.
目的 研究不同运动方式干预对昼夜节律紊乱小鼠认知功能的影响,探讨肠道菌群及代谢与认知功能之间的相关性。方法 采用轮回颠倒的光照周期暴露建立昼夜节律紊乱模型,将模型小鼠分为：安静组（DC）、中等强度持续训练（MICT）运动组（DM）和高强度间歇训练（HIIT）运动组（DH）,另设对照组（CC）,各组15只,经过6周运动干预后,运用HE染色观察结肠组织、Morris水迷宫检测认知功能、16S rRNA高通量测序检测肠道菌群以及LC-MS检测粪便代谢物。结果 (1)DM组和DH组的腺体破坏程度有所减轻。(2)DM组和DH组平台潜伏期和初次抵达平台时间显著缩短,游泳距离减少,穿越站台次数和目标象限游泳时间百分比均显著增加。(3)DC组丰度较高的菌群为柔膜菌门和柔膜菌纲,DM组为瘤胃球菌科,DH组为Lutispora等。(4)DM组中肌酸、丁酸和甲硫氨酸等代谢物水平显著高于DC组,DH组中花生四烯酸等代谢物水平显著高于DC组。(5)肠道菌群中颤螺菌属、乳酸杆菌属与认知功能相关性显著,代谢物中姜黄素和油酸与认知功能相关性显著。结论 MICT和HIIT可调节昼夜节律紊乱小鼠肠道菌群的结构和丰度,改善...  相似文献   

10.
高强度间歇训练(HIIT)是以≥无氧阈或最大乳酸稳态的负荷强度进行多次持续时间为几秒到几分钟的练习,并且每 2.次练习之间安排不足以使练习者完全恢复的静息或低强度练习的训练方法。进入2 1.世纪以来,HIIT受到了训练科学与实践领域的密切关注,越来越多的教练员在训练实践中开始采用HIIT来提升运动员的竞技表现。然而,HIIT不只是“高强度”和“间歇”这么简单,其效果和价值的发挥需要考虑诸多因素。本文基于《高强度间歇训练的科学与应用:训练安排的解决方案》一书内容,分别从形式和目标类型、应用的整体框架、应用情境、同期化训练、关键指标 5.个方面对HIIT进行了论述,旨在为教练员和科研人员在训练实践当中应用HIIT并发挥HIIT的价值提供参考  相似文献   

11.
目的:探索长期高强度间歇训练(HIIT)对中年大鼠比目鱼肌蛋白合成和蛋白降解的影响,为其在骨骼肌健康促进中的作用提供机制性的解释。方法:24只9月龄Wistar大鼠随机分为安静组(C)、中等强度持续训练组(M)和HIIT组(H),每组各8只。C组大鼠正常饮食生活,无运动训练;M组进行60%·VO2max强度的持续运动,共50 min;H组进行80%·VO2max和40%V·O2max的高低强度间歇运动,各3 min,重复6次,热身和恢复以60%V·O2max的强度进行,各7 min。运动组每周训练5次,共12周。运动干预结束后取比目鱼肌,称湿重,western blot检测比目鱼肌蛋白合成、泛素蛋白酶体关键组分和细胞自噬相关蛋白的表达,电镜观察自噬体结构。结果:相比C组:M和H组的比目鱼肌湿重均有所提高(P<0.05);H组mTORSer2448、P70 S6KThr389磷酸化水平提高(P<0.05),M组P70 S6KThr389磷酸化水平提高(P<0.05),两个运动组的AktSer473磷酸化表达均无显著变化(P>0.05);H组MAFbx蛋白含量有降低的趋势(P=0.052),自噬体生成增加,且LC3II和COXIV蛋白表达提高(P<0.01,P<0.05),M组LC3II蛋白表达提高(P<0.001),但运动组泛素化蛋白、MuRF-1、LC3II/LC3I、P62、ULK1Ser757磷酸化水平、Beclin-1、PGC-1α的蛋白表达均无变化(P>0.05)。结论:HIIT可促进中年大鼠比目鱼肌质量的提高,可能是蛋白合成提高,MAFbx蛋白表达降低及基础自噬水平激活共同作用的结果。  相似文献   

12.
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) utilizing a canoeing ergometer on endurance determinants, as well as aerobic and anaerobic performances among flat-water canoeists. Fourteen well-trained male flat-water canoeists were divided into an HIIT group or an MICT group. All subjects performed a continuous graded exercise test (GXT) and three fixed-distance (200, 500, and 1000?m) performance tests on a canoeing ergometer to determine canoeing economy, peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), and power at VO2peak, and to calculate the critical velocity (CV) and anaerobic work capacity before and after the training programmes. The training programme involved training on a canoeing ergometer three times per week for four weeks. HIIT consisted of seven 2 min canoeing bouts at an intensity of 90% VO2peak separated by 1 min of rest. The MICT group was trained at an intensity of 65% VO2peak continuously for 20 min. After four weeks of training, performance in the 200-m distance test and the power at VO2peak significantly improved in the HIIT group; performance in the 500?m and 1000?m distances and CV significantly improved in the MICT group. However, all variables were not significantly different between groups. It is concluded that HIIT for four weeks is an effective training strategy for improvement of short-distance canoeing performance. In contrast, MICT improves middle-distance canoeing performances and aerobic capacity.  相似文献   

13.
High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) can be performed with different effort to rest time-configurations, and this can largely influence training responses. The purpose of the study was to compare the acute physiological responses of two HIIT and one moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) protocol in young men. A randomised cross-over study with 10 men [age, 28.3?±?5.5years; weight, 77.3?±?9.3?kg; height, 1.8?±?0.1?m; peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), 44?±?11?mL.kg?1.min?1]. Participants performed a cardiorespiratory test on a treadmill to assess VO2peak, velocity associated with VO2peak (vVO2peak), peak heart rate (HRpeak) and perceived exertion (RPE). Then participants performed three protocols equated by distance: Short HIIT (29 bouts of 30s at vVO2peak, interspersed by 30s of passive recovery, 29?min in total), Long HIIT (3 bouts of 4?min at 90% of vVO2peak, interspersed by 3?min of recovery at 60% of vVO2peak, 21?min in total) and MICT (21?min at 70% of vVO2peak). The protocols were performed in a randomised order with ≥48 h between them. VO2, HRpeak and RPE were compared. VO2peak in Long HIIT was significantly higher than Short HIIT and MICT (43?±?11 vs 32?±?8 and 37?±?8?mL.kg?1.min?1, respectively, P?P?P?2, HR and RPE than Short HIIT and MICT, suggesting a higher demand on the cardiorespiratory system. Short HIIT and MICT presented similar physiologic and perceptual responses, despite Short HIIT being performed at higher velocities.  相似文献   

14.
Background: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been shown to improve cardiometabolic health during supervised lab-based studies but adherence, enjoyment, and health benefits of HIIT performed independently are yet to be understood. We compared adherence, enjoyment, and cardiometabolic outcomes after 8 weeks of HIIT or moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), matched for energy expenditure, in overweight and obese young adults. Methods: 17 adults were randomized to HIIT or MICT. After completing 12 sessions of supervised training over 3 weeks, participants were asked to independently perform HIIT or MICT for 30 min, 4 times/week for 5 weeks. Cardiometabolic outcomes included cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 peak), lipids, and inflammatory markers. Exercise enjoyment was measured by the validated Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale. Results: Exercise adherence (93.4?±?3.1% vs. 93.1?±?3.7%, respectively) and mean enjoyment across the intervention (100.1?±?4.3 vs. 100.3?±?4.4, respectively) were high, with no differences between HIIT and MICT (p?>?.05). Similarly, enjoyment levels did not change over time in either group (p?>?.05). After training, HIIT exhibited a greater decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol than MICT (?0.66?mmol?L?1 vs. ?0.03?mmol?L?1, respectively) and a greater increase in VO2 peak than MICT (p?<?.05, +2.6?mL?kg?min?1 vs. +0.4?mL?kg?min?1, respectively). Interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein increased in HIIT (+0.5?pg?mL?1 and +?31.4?nmol?L?1, respectively) and decreased in MICT (?0.6?pg?mL?1 and ?6.7?nmol?L?1, respectively, p?<?.05). Conclusions: Our novel findings suggest that HIIT is enjoyable and has high unsupervised adherence rates in overweight and obese adults. However, HIIT may be associated with an increase in inflammation with short-term exercise in this population.  相似文献   

15.
ABSTRACT

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been proposed as a time-efficient exercise protocol to improve metabolic health, but direct comparisons with higher-volume moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) under unsupervised settings are limited. This study compared low-volume HIIT and higher-volume MICT interventions on cardiometabolic and psychological responses in overweight/obese middle-aged men. Twenty-four participants (age: 48.1±5.2yr; BMI: 25.8±2.3kg·m?2) were randomly assigned to undertake either HIIT (10 X 1-min bouts of running at 80–90% HRmax separated by 1-min active recovery) or MICT (50-min continuous jogging/brisk walking at 65–70% HRmax) for 3 sessions/week for 8 weeks (2-week supervised + 6-week unsupervised training). Both groups showed similar cardiovascular fitness (VO2max) improvement (HIIT: 32.5±5.6 to 36.0±6.2; MICT: 34.3±6.0 to 38.2±5.1mL kg?1 min?1, p < 0.05) and %fat loss (HIIT: 24.5±3.4 to 23.2±3.5%; MICT: 23.0±4.3 to 21.5±4.1%, p< 0.05) over the 8-week intervention. Compared to baseline, MICT significantly decreased weight and waist circumference. No significant group differences were observed for blood pressure and cardiometabolic blood markers such as lipid profiles, fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin. Both groups showed similar enjoyment levels and high unsupervised adherence rates (>90%). Our findings suggest that low-volume HIIT can elicit a similar improvement of cardiovascular fitness as traditional higher-volume MICT in overweight/obese middle-aged men.  相似文献   

16.
Abstract

Exercise is recognized as a frontline therapy for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) but the optimal type of exercise is not yet determined. We compared the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) for improvement of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-derived markers of glycaemic variability, and biomarkers of endothelial cell damage (CD31+ and CD62+ endothelial microparticles (EMPs)) within a population at elevated risk of developing T2D. Fifteen inactive overweight or obese women were randomized to 2 weeks (10-sessions) of progressive HIIT (n?=?8, 4–10X 1-min @ ～90% peak heart rate, 1-min rest periods) or MICT (n?=?7, 20–50?min of continuous activity at ～65% peak heart rate). Prior and three days post-training, fasting blood samples were collected. Both HIIT and MICT improved glycaemic variability as measured by CGM standard deviation (HIIT: 0.82?±?0.39 vs. 0.72?±?0.33?mmol/L; MICT: 0.82?±?0.19 vs. 0.62?±?0.16?mmol/L, pre vs. post) and mean amplitude of glycaemic excursions (MAGE; HIIT: 1.98?±?0.81 vs. 1.41?±?0.90; MICT; 1.98?±?0.43 vs. 1.65?±?0.48, pre vs. post) with no difference between groups. CD62+ EMPs were lower following HIIT (187.7?±?65 vs. 174.9?±?55, pre vs. post) and MICT (170?±?60 vs. 160.3?±?59, pre vs. post) with no difference between groups. There was no change in 24-h mean glucose or CD31+ EMPs. Two weeks of both HIIT or MICT similarly decreased glycaemic variability and CD62+ EMPs in overweight/obese women at elevated risk of T2D.  相似文献   

17.
This study compared the effects of 12-week sprint interval training (SIT), high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on cardiorespiratory fitness (V?O2peak), body mass and insulin sensitivity in overweight females. Forty-two overweight women (age 21.2 ± 1.4 years, BMI 26.3 ± 2.5 kg·m?2) were randomized to the groups of SIT (80 × 6-s sprints + 9-s rest), and isoenergetic (300KJ) HIIT (~9 × 4-min cycling at 90% V?O2peak + 3-min rest) and MICT (cycling at 60% V?O2peak for ~ 61-min). Training intervention was performed 3 d·week?1 for 12 weeks. After intervention, all three groups induced the same improvement in V?O2peak (~ +25%, p < 0.001) and a similar reduction in body mass (~ – 5%, p < 0.001). Insulin sensitivity and fasting insulin levels were improved significantly on post-training measures in SIT and HIIT by ~26% and ~39% (p < 0.01), respectively, but remain unchanged in MICT. In contrast, fasting glucose levels were only reduced with MICT (p < 0.01). The three training strategies are equally effective in improving V?O2peak and reducing body mass, however, the SIT is time-efficient. High-intensity training (i.e. SIT and HIIT) seems to be more beneficial than MICT in improving insulin sensitivity.

Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index; CVD: cardiovascular disease; HIEG: hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic glucose; HIIT: high-intensity interval training; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HR: heart rate; MICT: moderate-intensity continuous training; RPE: ratings of perceived exertion; SIT: sprint interval training; T2D: type 2 diabetes; V?O2peak: peak oxygen consumption  相似文献   


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