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优秀女子拳击运动员后手直拳技术动作上肢肌肉表面肌电分析 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
目的:探讨拳击运动员后手直拳动作内部神经肌肉系统协同变化,提高我国女子拳击运动员的训练水平.方法:使用表面肌电技术对沈阳体育学院8名健将级女子拳击运动员后手直拳动作进行分析.结果:在后手直拳击打过程中上肢肌肉中三角肌前束做功百分比最高,平均为35%;后手直拳击打过程中主动肌的激活顺序为三角肌前束、肱三头肌和尺侧腕屈肌,肌肉由近端到远端依次激活.结论:后手直拳击打动作中上肢拮抗肌发挥着重要作用;从肌肉激活顺序来说后手直拳击打动作符合鞭打技术动作原理,在平时训练中加强上肢拮抗肌的训练. 相似文献
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以内蒙古女子拳击运动员为研究对象,利用遥测表面肌电仪记录运动员各种出拳技术过程中相关肌肉的电活动,建立运动员不同出拳技术时肌电特征模型,结果发现:在拳击的各种出拳技术动作中,主动肌的积分肌电百分比要显著高于拮抗肌,拮抗肌能够积极参与到出拳技术动作中;在后手直拳技术动作中,肱三头肌和三角肌前束的电活动最活跃,分别为15.7％和18.0％;在勾拳技术动作中,肱二头肌、三角肌前束、背阔肌电活动较强,分别为15％、14％和17.4％;在后手摆拳技术动作中,三角肌外侧束的做功百分比最高为16.7％,其次为肱二头肌13.6％、腹直肌13.7％、背阔肌14.3％.鉴于不同出拳技术动作的不同,各块肌肉工作表现出不同的工作特征. 相似文献
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通过表面肌电和高速摄像同步测试方法,揭示我国优秀赛艇运动员拉桨技术环节肌肉用力特征及其相应的运动学变化.结果显示:1)赛艇运动员拉桨时间为0.8s,拉桨至与艇垂直时间占拉桨阶段的70％;2)拉桨环节肌肉活动顺序为股四头肌内侧头、股直肌、腓肠肌、背阔肌、肱二头肌、腹直肌;3)肌肉做功百分比大小顺序为肱二头肌＞股四头肌内侧头＞背阔肌＞股直肌＞腓肠肌＞腹直肌,aEMG值为背阔肌＞股四头肌内侧头＞腓肠肌＞肱二头肌＞股直肌＞腹直肌.提示:运动员拉桨前阶段占有很大的比重;背阔肌、股四头肌内侧头、肱二头肌在拉桨阶段起着重要的作用;运动员除躯干打开稍早外,技术动作比较规范稳定,肌肉用力协调. 相似文献
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目的：探讨不同把手类型自行车在不同坡度路面骑行时上肢肌群的用力变化特征,为自行车专业选手和骑行爱好者针对性专项训练或比赛,
以及动感单车制造商标注器材使用方法和锻炼效果提供科学理论参考。方法：8名健康男性大学体育专业志愿者,骑行不同把手类型（下弯型、平直
型和上翘型）的自行车,分别在模拟下坡4°和上坡4°地面上以60 rpm的转速行驶,阻力设定为功率120 W,检测骑行者上肢相关肌群（身体右侧的腕
伸肌、腕屈肌、肱二头肌、肱三头肌、三角肌、斜方肌、背阔肌）表面肌电平均振幅。结果：双因素方差分析显示,把手类型对骑行者腕屈肌、肱二头肌、
肱三头肌、三角肌和背阔肌AEMG有显著影响（P<0.05）;坡度对骑行者腕伸肌、肱二头肌、三角肌和背阔肌AEMG有显著影响（P<0.05）;把手类型和
坡度除了三角肌AEMG存在显著交互作用外（P<0.007）,其余各被检上肢肌群AEMG均无显著交互作用。结论：平直型把手可以显著提高腕屈肌肌
肉激活;上翘型把手在上坡4°条件下可以显著提高肱二头肌和背阔肌的肌肉激活;下弯型把手可以显著提高肱三头肌和三角肌的肌肉激活,但要视
坡度情形而定;坡度增加可以显著提高骑行者腕伸肌、肱二头肌和背阔肌的肌肉激活。 相似文献
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以北京体育大学8名柔道运动员为研究对象,分为优秀组和普通组各4名,采用表面肌电测试方法并结合运动解剖学的基本理论对两组运动员柔道投技大外刈技术进行量化分析和评价,得出以下结论与建议:(1)sEMG信号分析中时域指标RMS和贡献率(work/loading)能较好反映柔道等复杂技术动作中肌肉的用力情况.(2)大外刈技术中两侧腹直肌、右侧腹外斜肌、肱二头肌、肱三头肌、臀大肌、股二头肌、腓肠肌内侧以及左侧三角肌后束、臀大肌、股直肌是主要用力肌肉,运动员在训练中应加强以上肌肉的练习.(3)普通组运动员左侧三角肌后束、左侧腹直肌、右侧肱二头肌力量过于薄弱,这可能是造成其技术不够成熟的因素之一,今后训练中应注意加强.(4)运动员在强化针对性肌肉力量练习的同时,除选择一般力量训练方法外,应多尝试采用适合柔道大外刈技术的专项力量训练方法,如拉滑车、爬绳、立卧撑等. 相似文献
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《西安体育学院学报》2016,(6):732-738
目的分析陆上等动拉力、滑轮拉力、橡皮拉力,模拟蝶泳划臂动作上肢肌肉表面肌电特征,以评价不同肌肉在3种拉力方式中蝶泳划臂各动作阶段的训练效果,为科学制定游泳上肢力量训练计划提供依据。方法采用MEGWIN6000 16通道遥测肌电测试仪、索尼DCR-HC90常速摄像机、自主研制同步信号发生器,同步采集8名优秀游泳运动员表面肌电信号和运动学数据。结果 3种拉力抱水对肱桡肌、腕关节屈肌、肱二头肌和胸大肌影响较大,推水对肱三头肌、背阔肌和三角肌中束影响较大;移臂阶段差异最大,涵盖前臂、上臂和躯干肌群;肱三头肌和胸大肌在各动作阶段均存在差异。结论等动拉力在抱水和推水阶段练习效果较好,并能更多训练肱三头肌和胸大肌,对斜方肌和肱桡肌移臂阶段具有更多的训练作用;滑轮拉力在移臂阶段练习效果较好,并能更多训练背阔肌推水和移臂阶段;橡皮拉力能更好训练三角肌中束抱水阶段和背阔肌移臂阶段。 相似文献
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目的:探讨拳击运动员下肢快速蹬地发力对出拳速度的影响,为拳击专项力量训练提供理论参考.方法:运用两块测力台和三维红外高速摄像系统进行同步测试,采集16名优秀男子拳击运动员以后手直拳全力击打固定目标过程中,双脚地面支撑反作用力及运动学相关数据.积极蹬地发力阶段,前、后脚蹬地最大力量/体重、快速力量指数/体重、蹬地达到最大力量峰值的时间分别与出拳速度进行相关分析,从中选取呈显著相关的快速力量参数与出拳速度进行曲线估计,选择拟合度最高的曲线模型计算相应的回归方程.结果:前、后脚蹬地最大力量/体重、快速力量指数/体重与出拳速度之间直线拟合度最高,均呈显著正相关(P＜0.01),蹬地达到最大力量峰值的时间与出拳速度二次曲线模型拟合度最高,呈曲线关系(P＜0.01).结论:1)后手直拳击打,积极蹬地发力阶段,前、后脚快速发力对出拳速度均具有显著影响.2)提高前、后脚积极蹬地发力阶段最大蹬地力量及发力速度对于提升后手直拳出拳速度具有重要意义. 相似文献
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研究目的：对长拳、太极拳冲拳动作进行肌电实验,分析长拳、太极拳完成冲拳动作时所调动的肌肉及其iemg值,得出在研究对象本身无差异情况下,不同拳术冲拳的发力对肌肉的调动情况。研究方法：在肌电实验中,以固定个体为研究对象,通过运用美国noraxon生产的t6无线导遥测肌电对练习长拳、太极拳冲拳时的上下肢肌肉表面肌电特征进行分析。研究结果：长拳冲拳过程中,肌肉活动顺序为腹直肌、三角肌前束、股内侧肌、股直肌、腹外斜肌、股外侧肌、股四头肌、肱三头肌、肱桡肌、竖脊肌;积分肌电显示在长拳冲拳阶段三角肌前束、肱桡肌的积分肌电最高;在整个长拳冲拳过程中,腹外斜肌的肌肉贡献率最大。太极拳冲拳过程中,肌肉活动顺序为肱桡肌、腹外斜肌、股内侧肌、竖脊肌、三角肌前束、腹直肌、股外侧肌、肱三头肌、腹直肌、股四头肌;积分肌电显示在太极拳冲拳阶段肱桡肌、股内侧肌的积分肌电最高;在整个太极拳冲拳过程中,腹内斜肌的机头贡献率最大。研究结论：长拳冲拳过程中,受试者较好完成技术动作,腹直肌首先放电,肌肉力量的发放大部分来源于肱桡肌、三角肌前束和肱三头肌,集中于上肢腰部和手臂。太极拳冲拳过程中,受试者未能掌握技术动作,肌肉发力顺序不符合太极拳冲拳技术要求。 相似文献
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肌肉取样部位对于跑步、短跑、越野滑雪、骑自行车及划船等项运动员——取股四头肌外侧肌;跑步运动员——取腓肠肌;游泳、划船、赛艇等运动——三角肌;体操或其它上肢运动——肱三头肌. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to compare one-repetition maximum (1-RM) and muscle activity in three chest-press exercises with different stability requirements (Smith machine, barbell, and dumbbells). Twelve healthy, resistance-trained males (age 22.7 ± 1.7 years, body mass 78.6 ± 7.6 kg, stature 1.80 ± 0.06 m) were tested for 1-RM of the three chest-press exercises in counterbalanced order with 3-5 days of rest between the exercises. One-repetition maximum and electromyographic activity of the pectoralis major, deltoid anterior, biceps, and triceps brachii were recorded in the exercises. The dumbbell load was 14% less than that for the Smith machine (P ≤ 0.001, effect size [ES] = 1.05) and 17% less than that for the barbell (P ≤ 0.001, ES = 1.11). The barbell load was ～3% higher than that for the Smith machine (P = 0.016, ES = 0.18). Electrical activity in the pectoralis major and anterior deltoid did not differ during the lifts. Electrical activity in the biceps brachii increased with stability requirements (i.e. Smith machine 相似文献
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Abstract This article presents an investigation, by means of electromyography, of the functions of the biceps brachii, the deltoideus, the latissimus dorsi, the pectoralis major, the serratus anterior, the cleido mastoideus, the teres major, the trapezius, and the triceps brachii (long head) in movements of the upper arm and the shoulder girdle at scapulo-humeral, acromioclavicular, and sternoclavicular joints. The procedure for collecting the data was established on the basis of records taken on twelve subjects; and the findings that are reported were based on 20 complete sets taken on five subjects. 相似文献
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Daniel Tik-Pui Fong Kit-Yee Yam Vikki Wing-Shan Chu Roy Tsz-Hei Cheung Kai-Ming Chan 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(4):441-451
This study investigated the acute fatigue pattern in neuromuscular activity after a simulated Boccia game and the effect of fatigue pattern on sport performance. Nine elite Boccia athletes were tested before, during, and after a simulated game. Maximum ball speed was captured with video, and the target hitting rate and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) score were collected and analyzed. Electromyography signals from the upper trapezius, anterior deltoid, posterior deltoid, biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and wrist extensor muscles were collected by surface electrode and were evaluated with mean power frequency (MPF). Only the upper trapezius muscle showed fatigue as demonstrated by a reduction of MPF of 8% (p = 0.027) when comparing the first and last throws in a simulated game. Subjective RPE score increased during the game (118%, p = 0.004), and sports performance in terms of maximum ball speed (-12%, p = 0.004) and target hitting rate (-25%, p = 0.004) also deteriorated. In conclusion, fatigue on the upper trapezius muscle was demonstrated in elite Boccia athletes following a prolonged Boccia game and may have affected Boccia performance. Preventative measures against upper trapezius muscle fatigue and endurance training for synergists of the upper trapezius muscle may be considered in future studies. 相似文献
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Atle H. Saeterbakken Roland van den Tillaar Marius S. Fimland 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(5):533-538
Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare one-repetition maximum (1-RM) and muscle activity in three chest-press exercises with different stability requirements (Smith machine, barbell, and dumbbells). Twelve healthy, resistance-trained males (age 22.7 ± 1.7 years, body mass 78.6 ± 7.6 kg, stature 1.80 ± 0.06 m) were tested for 1-RM of the three chest-press exercises in counterbalanced order with 3–5 days of rest between the exercises. One-repetition maximum and electromyographic activity of the pectoralis major, deltoid anterior, biceps, and triceps brachii were recorded in the exercises. The dumbbell load was 14% less than that for the Smith machine (P ≤ 0.001, effect size [ES] = 1.05) and 17% less than that for the barbell (P ≤ 0.001, ES = 1.11). The barbell load was ～3% higher than that for the Smith machine (P = 0.016, ES = 0.18). Electrical activity in the pectoralis major and anterior deltoid did not differ during the lifts. Electrical activity in the biceps brachii increased with stability requirements (i.e. Smith machine <barbell <dumbbells; P ≤ 0.005; ES = 0.57, 1.46, and 2.00, respectively), while triceps brachii activity was reduced using dumbbells versus barbell (P = 0.007, ES = 0.73) and dumbbells versus Smith machine (P = 0.003, ES = 0.62). In conclusion, high stability requirements in the chest press (dumbbells) result in similar (pectoralis major and anterior deltoid), lower (triceps brachii) or higher (biceps brachii) muscle activity. These findings have implications for athletic training and rehabilitation. 相似文献
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目的:探讨青年男子排球运动员强攻扣球技术动作的关键;方法:使用两台高速摄像机和表面肌电仪对7名青年男子排球运动员强攻扣球手臂挥摆动作进行运动学和表面肌电学同步分析;结果:运动员在引臂后拉期主要由三角肌前束和三角肌后束完成,在甩臂击打期和击打作用期,肱三头肌、背阔肌、前臂屈腕的这些主动肌的电活动明显增强,起拮抗作用的肱二头肌和前臂伸腕肌群的电活动也非常强烈,而且,在各个阶段每对主动肌/拮抗肌表现为较好的协调性;背弓角为130.2°±4.7°、挥臂角为113.2°±6.1°、最后出手球速为23.5±0.7 m/s;背弓角,挥臂角与最后出手球速的相关系数r分别为-0.512(P<0.05)和0.484(P<0.05);结论:在强攻扣球手臂挥摆过程中,扣球臂的拮抗肌发挥着重要作用,起跳后挥臂的背弓角和挥臂角是影响最后出手球速的主要因素。 相似文献
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AbstractThe study investigated different electromyographic (EMG) normalisation methods for upper-limb muscles. This assessment aimed at comparing the EMG amplitude and the reliability of EMG values obtained with each method. Eighteen male tennis players completed isometric maximal voluntary contractions and dynamic strength exercises (push-ups and chin-ups) on three separate test sessions over at least 7 days. Surface EMG activity of nine upper body muscles was recorded. For each muscle, an analysis of variance for repeated measures was used to compare maximal EMG amplitudes between test conditions. The intra-class correlation coefficient, the coefficient of variation and the standard error of measurement were calculated to determine the EMG reliability of each condition. On the basis of a compromise between maximal EMG amplitude and high reliability, the chin-ups appeared to be the optimal normalisation method for M. latissimus dorsi, M. posterior deltoid, M. biceps brachii, M. flexor carpi radialis and M. extensor carpi radialis. The push-ups seemed relevant to normalise M. anterior deltoid and M. triceps brachii activity, while isometric maximal voluntary contraction remained the most appropriate method for M. pectoralis major and M. middle deltoid. Thus, original methods are proposed to normalise EMG signal of upper-limb muscles. 相似文献
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This investigation examined effects of two exercise modes (barbell, BB; bodyweight suspension, BWS) on muscle activation, resistance load, and fatigue. During session one, nine resistance-trained males completed an elbow flexion one-repetition maximum (1RM). During sessions two and three, subjects completed standing biceps curls to fatigue at 70% 1RM utilizing a randomized exercise mode. Surface electromyography (sEMG) recorded muscle activation of the biceps brachii, triceps brachii, anterior deltoid, posterior deltoid, rectus abdominis, and erector spinae. BWS resistance load was measured using a force transducer. Standing maximal voluntary isometric contractions of the elbow flexors recorded at 90° were used to determine the isometric force decrement and rate of fatigue (ROF) during exercise. sEMG and resistance load data were divided into 25% contraction duration bins throughout the concentric phase. BWS resulted in a 67.7?±?7.4% decline in resistance load throughout the concentric phase (p?≤?0.05). As a result, BB elicited higher mean resistance loads (31.4?±?4.0?kg) and biceps brachii sEMG (84.7?±?27.8% maximal voluntary isometric contractions, MVIC) compared with BWS (20.4?±?3.4?kg, 63.4?±?21.6% MVIC). No difference in rectus abdominis or erector spinae sEMG was detected between exercise modes. Isometric force decrement was greater during BWS (?21.7?±?7.0?kg) compared with BB (?14.9?±?4.7?kg); however, BB (?3.0?±?0.8?kg/set) resulted in a steeper decline in ROF compared with BWS (?1.7?±?0.6?kg/set). The variable resistance loading and greater isometric force decrement observed suggest that select BWS exercises may resemble variable resistance exercise more than previously considered. 相似文献
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Changes in muscle activity with increasing running speed 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
Electromyographic (EMG) activity of the leg muscles and the ground reaction forces were recorded in 17 elite male middle-distance runners, who performed isometric maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) as well as running at different speeds. Electromyograms were recorded from the gluteus maximus, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior. The results indicated that the averaged EMG (aEMG) activities of all the muscles studied increased (P < 0.05) with increasing running speed, especially in the pre-contact and braking phases. At higher speeds, the aEMG activities of the gastrocnemius, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris and gluteus maximus exceeded 100% MVC in these same phases. These results suggest that maximal voluntary contractions cannot be used as an indicator of the full activation potential of human skeletal muscle. Furthermore, the present results suggest that increased pre-contact EMG potentiates the functional role of stretch reflexes, which subsequently increases tendomuscular stiffness and enhances force production in the braking and/or propulsive phases in running. Furthermore, a more powerful force production in the optimal direction for increasing running speed effectively requires increased EMG activity of the two-joint muscles (biceps femoris, rectus femoris and gastrocnemius) during the entire running cycle. 相似文献
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Electromyographic (EMG) activity of the leg muscles and the ground reaction forces were recorded in 17 elite male middle-distance runners, who performed isometric maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) as well as running at different speeds. Electromyograms were recorded from the gluteus maximus, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior. The results indicated that the averaged EMG (aEMG) activities of all the muscles studied increased (P?<?0.05) with increasing running speed, especially in the pre-contact and braking phases. At higher speeds, the aEMG activities of the gastrocnemius, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris and gluteus maximus exceeded 100% MVC in these same phases. These results suggest that maximal voluntary contractions cannot be used as an indicator of the full activation potential of human skeletal muscle. Furthermore, the present results suggest that increased pre-contact EMG potentiates the functional role of stretch reflexes, which subsequently increases tendomuscular stiffness and enhances force production in the braking and/or propulsive phases in running. Furthermore, a more powerful force production in the optimal direction for increasing running speed effectively requires increased EMG activity of the two-joint muscles (biceps femoris, rectus femoris and gastrocnemius) during the entire running cycle. 相似文献