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1.
《Sport Management Review》2019,22(5):724-735
Whistleblowing is effective for exposing doping in sport, garnering increased support and promotion within the global anti-doping community. However, limited attention has been afforded towards understanding the doping whistleblowing process. In response, the authors convey a sense of the whistleblowing context by using the actual words of whistleblowers to illuminate their experience. To achieve this aim, the authors have adopted a narrative approach. Three doping whistleblowers were interviewed regarding their lived experiences of whistleblowing on doping and the data has been represented in the form of one composite creative non-fiction story. The story narrates the whistleblowing experience as a process whereby individuals must (a) determine what they witnessed and experienced was doping, (b) make the decision and take action to report it, and (c) deal with the myriad of consequences and emotions. It also highlights the dilemma faced by whistleblowers who are likely equally compelled to adhere to the moral of loyalty and fairness; yet in this context they are unable to do both. Stemming from the story presented and the forms of retribution experienced, the authors offer practical suggestions for sporting organisations to address in order to empower others to whistleblow on doping in sport. Specifically, organisations should establish and implement whistleblowing policies that: (a) provide protection for whistleblowers, (b) mandate whistleblowing education, and (c) identify an independent person for individuals to seek guidance and support from before, during and following the act of whistleblowing. 相似文献
2.
The purpose of this paper is to consider four pedagogical applications within the Sport Education model to examine the ways in which a young person can become a literate sports person and develop ethical behaviour through engagement in physical education and youth sport. Through a systematic review of the Sport Education research literature we present evidence to suggest that although notions such as inclusion, responsibility and ownership, personal and social development and social justice are part of the architecture of this pedagogical model, our findings show that rather than simply being caught, ethical conduct must be taught. Consequently, in the final part of the paper, we present four pedagogical applications within Sport Education that physical education teachers as well as youth sport practitioners and administrators may find useful to promote ethical development: (1) ethical contracts; (2) sports panels; (3) modified games; and (4) awards and rewards. 相似文献
3.
体育技术化人文困境的审思 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
讨论了体育技术化发展使运动损伤加剧的事实,论述了体育技术化对人文关怀忽视的现实;分析了体育技术化人文困境的根源,指出体育发展的功利性,体育对预设的理论规定的僭越以及体育的技术解构与重构而导致的体育伦理价值的颠覆是造成困境的三大主要原因。在此基础上,提出了重塑体育伦理价值理念及实现的行为规范,以及重新确立体育伦理价值评估体系来消解体育技术化人文困境的设想。 相似文献
4.
The action sport industry is a high growth sector that attracts the lucrative Generation Y market. Although there is a growing body of literature that examines the characteristics and traits of the Generation Y market as consumers of action sports, little is known about the supply side of the action sports industry. This paper illustrates through the example of the skateboarding sport cluster, that this sector has evolved in an organic, almost chaotic manner very different to that of the mainstream sports industry. Entrepreneurs have taken advantage of the open system, the lack of formal boundaries and the risk loving nature of the market to grow the sector into a very profitable industry. The paper specifically illustrates the differences to mainstream sports in relation to provision of facilities, program development and pathways and the roles of suppliers, councils and program developers. 相似文献
5.
Government and sport organisations have spent considerable resources on increasing the number of female coaches in sport, yet women are still significantly under-represented in this sector. Research directed towards understanding why females remain involved in coaching in the Australian sport system has tended to focus on individual barriers and motivations, with generally less attention given to the organisational setting in which coaches work. To examine why there continues to be low numbers of female coaches in elite sport, Kanter's (Kanter, R. M. (1977). Men and women of the corporation. New York: Basic) organisational theory of homologous reproduction was used to guide a case study of a state sport organisation (SSO). Results indicated that organisational strategies, prevailing hegemonic masculinity, and systemic barriers in the SSO were sustaining male coaching dominance in the organisation whilst marginalizing women. 相似文献
6.
With governments in many western countries implementing sport policy programmes directed at increasing levels of participation, stress is being placed on the capacity of sport systems to provide sufficient numbers of appropriately accredited officials. However, with declining numbers of officials, particularly early career officials, sport organisations are also facing management problems in relation to the retention of existing officials. Using a quasi-experimental 2 × 2 field-based research design this study explored the efficacy of organisational support aimed at increasing retention of early career sports officials. The research addressed two questions: (1) Do stressors of officiating, commitment and organisational support predict the intention of early career officials to continue officiating? and (2) What is the efficacy of organisational support in increasing the intention of early career officials to continue officiating? The results support previous research that stressors and commitment explain intention to continue. Intention to continue was found to be a stable construct that was not influenced by an organisational support programme. Despite significant zero-order relationships between organisational support and intentions to continue, organisational support explained no additional or unique variance above that explained by commitment and stressors of officiating. The results provide the basis for further research as well as insights for developing organisational support and retention strategies for sports officials. 相似文献
7.
《International review of sport and exercise psychology》2013,6(2):154-170
Understanding how the actions of members of sports teams are organised and coordinated is a key challenge for sport psychology and, until recently, extant theory within sport psychology has allowed few insights into this topic. This article considers how the labour in sports teams is organised, why the organisational structure of sports teams introduces an acute need for team coordination, and why coordination in teams is difficult to achieve. It also considers the team-level social-cognitive states and processes required to achieve coordination. Implications of the conceptual framework outlined here are presented for current theory and future research on team functioning within sport psychology as well as for applied practitioners working with sports teams. 相似文献
8.
《Sport Management Review》2015,18(3):436-447
Although the fact that sports lottery has become a prevalent phenomenon, it remains an under-researched area in sport management literature. Based on Conlisk's (1993) theory on the utility of gambling, an econometric model of demand for sports lottery gambling was constructed. The model assumes an experiential utility associated with sports lottery gambling, and proposes that rational consumers are mainly motivated by product attributes and marketing variables. The model is empirically examined by using a set of draw-to-draw sales data of a sports lottery in China. Time series analyses were conducted to analyze the determinants of sports lottery demand. This study revealed that ticket composition had considerable impact on the demand after partialling out information through the inclusion of an ex-post Prediction Difficulty Coefficient in the regression model. Eight percent of variance in the demand for sports lottery was found to be associated with ticket composition variables. The results provide additional evidence to the existing literature on sports gambling as consumption. The notion that nonmonetary activities associated with sports lottery gaming have a consumption value has considerable implications in terms of designing lottery products and delivering value to its consumers. 相似文献
9.
Emily S T Ryall 《体育哲学杂志》2019,46(2):129-146
ABSTRACTTo date, there has been little philosophical consideration of the concept of shame in sport, yet sport seems to be an environment conducive to the experience of shame due to its public and unequivocal nature demonstrating failure and success. Whilst much of the philosophical commentary of shame in sport suggests it acts as a quasi-virtue that holds the spirit of sport together and prevents cheating and other bad behaviour, I will argue that the real experience of shame (in contrast to embarrassment or guilt) is an adverse emotion, that undermines athlete well being and a good sports experience. This paper will provide an analysis of the concept of shame and its relation to other similar emotions, consider its ethical function, and evaluate its effect upon elite athletes in sport. I will conclude by arguing that those involved in sport need to recognise the destructive effect that shame can have upon individuals, how it can manifest itself in other negative emotions such as anger and depression and how sports authorities need to work harder to counter the pervasive and negative effects of shame in sport. 相似文献
10.
侨乡泉州体育场地经济成分特征研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用文献资料调研、比较分析法等,依据第5次全国体育场地普查资料,在全面分析侨乡泉州体育场地总量、占地面积、建筑面积、场地面积、投资金额等基础上,就泉州及各县市区体育场地经济成分进行了比较研究。结果表明:集体经济成分比例较高,各种民间资本以单位自筹和社会捐赠形式存在于国有经济和集体经济体育场地之中是侨乡泉州体育场地经济成分的主要特征;区域经济模式、乡族观念、侨缘禀赋是侨乡泉州体育场地经济成分特殊性的“内源因子”;单位自筹是侨乡泉州体育场地建设资金的主要来源,社会捐赠是体育场地建设资金的重要补充,民营企业和华侨捐赠是社会捐赠的主渠道;集体经济成分体育场地经济和社会效益明显;经济水平、产业特色、地理位置、侨区分布等是影响侨乡泉州各县市区体育场地经济成分比重的主要因素。 相似文献
11.
丛密林 《体育科技文献通报》2014,(1):3-5,37
采用文献资料和逻辑推理等研究方法,按照逻辑学的概念定义方法,将体育定义为:体育是以改造人类自身生物属性为效用的身体活动,并对体育属概念下的同类事物进行了判定,并对民间体育、民俗体育、民族体育、民族传统体育的概念进行定义和划分,确定他们之间的基本隶属关系,即体育按阶层划分可分为民间体育和官方体育。民间体育包括民族体育;民族体育包括民族传统体育、消失的民族民俗体育和民族内的近代体育;民族传统体育包括现存的民族民俗体育及其以外的传统体育;已消亡的民俗体育不属于民族传统体育。研究体育及其相关概念,明确它们的内涵和外延,为我国民族体育传承与发展奠定理论基础。 相似文献
12.
采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法对福建省漳州市“城中村”妇女体育参与现状进行调查研究.结果显示：“城中村”妇女的工作时间长、体育意识淡薄,体育参与率和体育消费较低,对体育活动的组织和体育设施的投入要求不高.影响“城中村”妇女参与体育锻炼的因素有年龄、工作时间、受教育程度、职业、家庭月收入.建议政府管理部门加强对“城中村”妇女进行体育卫生健康教育的宣传,适当增加“城中村”体育活动和体育设施的投入,并协调相关劳动部门调整中低阶层群体的收入分配,缩短女工的工作时间等. 相似文献
13.
德国体育俱乐部建制探析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
采用文献综述法和调查访问法,对德国体育俱乐部的起源与发展进行回顾,通过大量统计数据对德国体育俱乐部的现状和面临的问题进行分析和讨论,以期全面地介绍德国的体育俱乐部体制并研究其与竞技体育、群众体育和学校体育的关系,为我国的体育发展尤其是全民健身的发展提供参考和借鉴。 相似文献
14.
靳勇 《西安体育学院学报》2012,29(3):287-290
运用文献资料法、数理统计法、逻辑演绎法等研究方法,对环北京地区竞技体育发展模式进行研究。研究结果显示,环北京地区的四省市的竞技水平在全国排在中等偏上的位置。环北京地区竞技体育模式应采取体育部门和教育部门结合的竞技体育发展模式。环北京地区竞技体育发展模式的实证分析因素有社会经济因素、教育资源因素、体育部门和教育部门的政策因素。环北京地区竞技体育竞技体育模式实施措施有:体育部门应合理规划项目布局,发展特色项目,形成区域优势;加强体育部门和教育部门的合作,完善体教结合运行机制;改革竞赛制度,发挥竞赛杠杆的作用。 相似文献
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16.
Sport is often considered as a promising instrument for reaching a wide array of policy objectives. Social inclusion is one of the goals frequently mentioned. Though one can argue about the feasibility of the many claims made, sport can only reasonably be expected to play a role if the targeted population is effectively taking part in sports. This is what is investigated in this study. The focus lies on the sports participation of children (primary school) and adolescents (secondary school), more particularly in a club-organised setting. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether family related factors associated with a higher risk for social exclusion can be considered as determinants of club sport participation among children and adolescents. Data are based on a large-scale cross-sectional survey (2009), collected in 39 schools in Flanders (Belgium), with a total of 3005 children and adolescents (aged 6–18) participating in the research. A multilevel logistic regression has been conducted, controlling also for differences between schools. Income poverty and parental education come forward as important determinants for club-organised sports participation. No evidence was found that living in a single parent-household affects the likelihood of club-organised sports participation. While sport is often considered as an important instrument for social inclusion, the study shows that children and adolescents who are likely to occupy a more vulnerable position in society as a whole, have higher odds to be left out with regard to sport club participation as well. 相似文献
17.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(4):181-188
Abstract The article analyses the mutual interconnection between welfare states and sports systems in six European countries (Denmark, Great Britain, Germany, France, Italy, Spain). It seeks to address, on the one hand, questions such as the following: what were the underlying rationales and ideologies evident in the justification of sports policy in welfare frameworks? What cultural values, historical contexts, and political configurations were evident in the specific arrangements of a given welfare state and its governmental welfare poicy infrastructure? On the other hand it portrays the legal, institutional and organisational similarities and dissimilarities which exist in a given country between the institutional structure of the sport system and the organisation of the welfare state, and seeks to identify to what extent comparable structural elements have developed, and where dissimilarities can be found. This paper illustrates how, where sports and welfare systems in different European countries are derived from different historical roots and are based on different ideologies and organisational structures, the welfare state maintains a different position and influence on sport. To the extent that the traditional welfare states of western industrialised countries are heading towards crises in terms of increasing funding requirements and legitimation deficits, the sport system will also be affected by the immediate consequences of such developments and will be required to adjust and adapt. 相似文献
18.
Janelle CM 《Journal of sports sciences》2002,20(3):237-251
Despite extensive research devoted to determining the nature of the relationship between stress and performance, there has been little systematic examination of the mechanisms underlying this relationship. Recently, researchers have begun to empirically address the attentional mechanisms underlying theoretical accounts of how stress, anxiety and arousal influence performance. Given the critical role of visual attention to sport expertise, this paper focuses primarily on literature dealing with how visual cues are differentially identified and processed when performers are anxious. Emerging evidence indicates that gaze behaviour tendencies are reliably altered when performers are anxious, leading to inefficient and often ineffective search strategies. Alterations of these visual search indices are addressed in the context of both self-paced and externally paced sports events. Recommendations concerning the utility of perceptual training programmes and how these training programmes might be used as anxiety regulation interventions are discussed. The theoretical implications and directions for future research are also addressed. 相似文献
19.
In recent years there has been growing interest over the role of major sport events and the sports industry. The aftermath of 2008 global crisis exposed the myth of ‘end of history’ and raised several questions over the role of management and organisational practices and theories in all aspects of human activity, including sport. This article reviews the emergence of critical management studies (CMS) as a field within management and organisational studies. We focus on critical performativity theory (CPT) as a key concept of re-configuring managerial practices. We add our voices to those asking for more critical output in sport management and point out the potential contribution of CMS in sport and especially of CPT. Finally, we propose ‘student as producer’ as a pedagogical framework to act as a possible basis for incorporating critical theories into higher education teaching. We argue that this framework can contribute significantly towards providing future graduates with the skills and knowledge to enable them to deal with the contemporary challenges of modern sport’s industry and wider society. 相似文献
20.
Susanna Hedenborg 《国际体育史杂志》2015,32(4):551-564
The aim of this article is to discuss and problematize research on gender and sports within the equine sector, and to argue for the necessity of a comparative perspective in order to understand the gender order within equestrian sports. The article will focus on two areas within the equine sector: horse racing and Olympic equestrianism. Differences over time as well as between countries and events will be highlighted and discussed. Previous research demonstrates that the equine sector has historically been connected to men and masculinity in large parts of the world, although there are many examples of women working with horses and enjoying equestrian activities during their leisure time. During the twentieth century, horses have become progressively less important for agriculture, forestry, transport, and the army. The societal context is interesting, as sport historians Jennifer Hargreaves and Gertrud Pfister have claimed that a destabilization of the gender order in society at large may open new opportunities for women in sport. It is argued in this article that an analytical framework based on insights from gender studies and a comparative perspective is crucial if the development is to be understood and explained. 相似文献