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1.
间歇性低氧暴露对运动员甲襞微循环和血象指标的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
研究间歇性低氧暴露对运动员甲襞微循环和血象指标的影响,并探讨可能机制。结果表明:从甲襞微循环流态积分、总积分时序性变化的角度来看,间歇性低氧暴露4周的效果要优于间歇性低氧暴露2周;间歇性低氧暴露适应过程中,RBC一直增加,低氧暴露3周后,达到峰值(P <0 .0 5 ) ,低氧暴露4周后,略有下降,但仍较常氧显著增加(P <0 .0 5 ) ;Hb和Hct在间歇性低氧暴露前后均无显著性差异(P >0 .0 5 )。结论:急性1 0h、2 5 0 0m低氧暴露对血RBC、Hb、Hct影响不大,甲襞微环出现明显的代偿性变化;长期间歇性低氧暴露刺激RBC、Hb产生,血液携氧能力增加,甲襞微循环的变化较为明显。 相似文献
2.
目的探讨低氧条件下力竭运动对心血管调节激素血浆心钠素(ANP)、内皮素(ET-1)浓度变化的影响。方法选取8名体育学院男生进行直立蹬自行车运动试验,分别进行常氧运动(N)和低氧运动(H),测定运动至力竭的时间以及运动前(静坐10min)、运动后即刻、运动后3min、运动后30min受试者心率、血压、血浆渗透压和血浆ANP、ET-1浓度的变化。结果 (1)运动后即刻,N组血浆ANP、ET-1浓度显著升高(P<0.05),H组血浆ANP、ET-1浓度非常显著性升高(P<0.01),两组间血浆ANP和ET-1升高幅度具有显著性差异(P<0.05);(2)运动后即刻,N组和H组血浆渗透压均显著升高(P<0.05);(3)与H组相比,N组运动至力竭时间显著较长(P<0.05);(4)运动后30min,两组血浆渗透压仍显著高于安静时(P<0.05)。(5)运动后即刻,两组心率较安静时均显著升高(P<0.001),至运动后30min,心率虽然都有一定恢复,但仍显著高于安静状态(P<0.05)。结论低氧力竭运动可使心血管组织合成释放ANP、ET-1适度增加,对机体产生有益的影响。 相似文献
3.
运动后低氧暴露对血液流变学及红细胞形态的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
研究目的：观察常氧运动后低氧暴露情况下血液流变学及红细胞形态的变化。研究方法：8名受试者以75％ VO2max强度分别完成2次1h蹬功率自行车运动，间隔1周。第1周受试者以75％ VO2max强度蹬功率自行车1h后即进入低氧室内(氧气浓度：15．4％，相当于海拔2500m)休息30min。第2周同一时间，受试者以同等负荷运动1h后常氧环境休息30min。每次实验分别于安静时、运动后即刻、运动后30min采取静脉血5ml，测血液流变学变化和扫描电镜(SEM)下观察红细胞形态变化。结果：运动后血液粘度升高，红细胞变形能力下降，红细胞形态由双凹圆盘状变为单侧凹陷另一侧隆起似礼帽状的I型口形红细胞。结论：运动后低氧暴露不利于血液流变学及红细胞形态的恢复。 相似文献
4.
应用低氧运动时动脉血症和通气反应指标预测急性高原反应的探索研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的:通过测试运动时低氧血症和低氧通气指标的变化来探索预测急性高原反应(actue mountain sickness,AMS)的可行性指标,为降低高原旅居人群罹患AMS的风险和提高其生活质量提供参考.方法:23名普通男性大学生于低氧舱(～4400 m,F1O2 11.8％～11.6％)暴露6h,分别于低氧暴露第0.5h、2h、4h和6h评测受试者急性高原反应(LLS量表),有头痛症状且LLS评分≥3者,定为AMS组.受试者进舱休息30 min后进行30 min运动心肺功能测试:于卧式功率车上安静5min后以80 W恒定负荷(60 rpm)仰卧蹬车20min,恢复5min.每5min末记录RPE、HR、SpO2、BP和低氧通气反应相关指标.据测试指标计算AMS组和nonAMS组低氧通气指数和低氧心功能指数差异.取有显著性差异的指标作为自变量与LLS评分拟合得出预测方程.结果:急性低氧暴露结束时AMS发生率为27％.低氧安静时AMS组与nonAMS组RPE、HR、SpO2、VE、Vr和fR无显著性差异.低氧运动时AMS组SpO2显著低于nonAMS组(P＜0.05),运动5min时达最低点.低氧运动5min时AMS组V3显著低于nonAMS组(分别为41.4±4.61/min和46.7±4.61/min,P＜0.05).低氧运动时SpO2和VE预测LLS评分的非线性方程分别为:LLS=0.0295(SpO2)2-4.5269(SpO2) +174.34(R2 =0.7473,P＜0.001)和LLS=0.0352(VE)2 -3.4987(VE)+87.729(R2=0.307,P=0.053);SpO2与VE呈中度相关(R=0.394,P＜0.05).结论:低氧运动时动脉血症指标SpO2和通气指标VE可作为预测AMS的有效指标,SpO2的预测准确性高于VE,运动时SpO2与VE呈中度相关.从测试的简便、可靠角度考虑,运动时SpO2的变化具有较好的应用前景. 相似文献
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通过观察急性运动和热预处理后急性运动对大鼠股四头肌热休克蛋白(HSP)70 表达影响的时相性变化和氧化应激标志物超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化,探讨HSP70对急性运动大鼠股四头肌抗氧化能力的影响和股四头肌HSP70表达的应答性反应.雄性SD大鼠随机分为室温安静组、室温运动后即刻组、室温运动后3 h组、室温运动后24 h组、热预处理安静组、热预处理运动后即刻组、热预处理运动后3 h组、热预处理运动后24 h组.热预处理组在恒温干燥箱进行热暴露处理(直肠温度达到(41.5±0.5)℃,持续15 min).安静组大鼠在热预处理24 h后对股四头肌进行取样.运动组大鼠在热预处理24 h后进行急性跑台运动(速度为25m/min,坡度为0°,时间为60 min),分别在运动后即刻、运动后3 h、运动后24 h对大鼠进行股四头肌取样,检测HSP70蛋白表达量、SOD活性和MDA含量.结果表明,大鼠急性运动后两组大鼠运动后即刻HSP70蛋白表达有上升的趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),3 h显著增加(P<0.05),24 h后回降,室温组与基础水平相比差异无显著性(P>0.05),而热预处理组仍显著高于基础水平(P<0.05),在变化过程中热预处理组HSP70蛋白表达量显著高于室温组(P<0.05);室温组和热预处理组大鼠急性运动后即刻股四头肌SOD活性明显升高(P<0.05),3 h后活性降低,但显著高于基础水平(P<0.05),24h后回降到基础水平.在变化过程中热预处理组SOD活性显著高于室温组(P<0.05);室温组和热预处理组大鼠运动后即刻股四头肌MDA的含量显著升高(P<0.05),3h后热预处理组MDA含量恢复至基础水平,室温组含量减少,但是仍显著高于基础水平(P<0.05),室温组24 h恢复至基础水平,在变化过程中热预处理组较室温组MDA含量降低速率快(P<0.05).这些发现表明急性运动可以诱导HSP70表达增加和热预处理后进行运动可以产生HSP70表达的累加效应.诱导HSP70大量表达可能提高机体的抗氧化能力,减轻机体运动时的氧化应激损伤. 相似文献
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目的比较间歇低氧训练和高住低练两种模式之间的区别与联系.方法将108只大鼠分为6组,经过4周的训练后测得其血红细胞相关指标进行分析.结果 (1)安静状态下,各组红细胞数量均高于常氧对照组,高住低练组高于间歇低氧运动组,且存在显著性差异(P<0.05).运动即刻状态下及运动3 h状态下,高住组红细胞高于间歇低氧组,且存在非常显著性差异(P<0.05);高住低练对照组低于间歇低氧组,且存在非常显著性差异(P<0.01);(2)安静状态下及运动即刻状态下,红细胞压积高住组低于间歇低氧组,存在显著性差异(P<0.05);高住低练组低于间歇低氧运动组,存在显著性差异(P<0.05);运动后3 h红细胞压积高住低练组低于间歇低氧运动组,存在非常显著性差异(P<0.01);(3)安静状态下,血红蛋白高住组高于间歇低氧组,存在显著性差异(P<0.05),3种状态下高住低练组均高于间歇低氧运动组,存在显著性差异(P<0.05).结论间歇低氧运动组和高住低练组比单纯运动训练和单纯低氧更能提高机体有氧运动能力. 相似文献
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《西安体育学院学报》2019,(2):227-233
目的观察急性离心运动后低氧暴露对大鼠腓肠肌细胞膜通透性及膜骨架蛋白dystrophin的影响,探讨骨骼肌细胞膜损伤的作用机制,为高住低训提供理论依据。方法 70只雄性SD大鼠分为安静对照组、运动后常氧恢复24 h、48 h、72 h组和运动后低氧暴露24 h、48 h、72 h组。运动后低氧暴露组在离心运动后于常压低氧环境中进行恢复。采用免疫组化、Western blot、qRT-PCR等方法检测大鼠腓肠肌细胞膜完整性和dystrophin蛋白及基因表达。结果 (1)离心运动后低氧暴露,大鼠腓肠肌阳性细胞率在各时间点与常氧恢复组比较,呈现显著性上升、下降再上升的趋势;(2)急性离心运动后,dystrophin蛋白含量在各组中未出现显著性变化;(3)常氧恢复组和低氧暴露组dystrophin mRNA表达水平均显著性低于安静对照组。结论 (1)离心运动后急性低氧暴露可加剧骨骼肌细胞膜的损伤,随着低氧暴露时间的延长,机体虽然产生了短暂适应,但其恢复速率仍较常氧下恢复低;(2)膜骨架蛋白dystrophin在运动后无论是常氧恢复组还是低氧暴露组,并未发生显著性变化,且其基因表达与蛋白变化在时间上存在一定滞后,提示除mRNA转录调节之外,可能存在一种转录外调节机制;(3)"高住低训"的训练方案并不利于运动后骨骼肌的快速恢复。 相似文献
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为探讨急性力竭运动对青少年田径运动员血浆游离DNA(cf-DNA)的影响,寻找运动员机能监控的新标记物。安排16名青少年田径运动员在电动跑台上进行一次急性递增负荷力竭运动,于运动前、运动后即刻、运动后15 min、30 min、1 h、2 h、3 h、4 h、12 h和24 h分别测定红细胞压积(HCT)、cf-DNA、血浆丙二醛(MDA)、肌酸激酶(CK)和肌红蛋白(Mb)。用心率表监控运动过程并记录运动时间和心率,推算训练冲量(TRIMPS)。结果显示:HCT在所有监测时间点均无显著性变化(P>0.05);cf-DNA在运动后即刻显著性升高(P<0.01),30 min达峰值(P<0.01),4 h后降至安静水平(P>0.05);血浆MDA、CK和Mb在运动后即刻均显著性升高(P<0.05、P<0.01、P<0.01),并一直持续到运动后24 h(P<0.01、P<0.05、P<0.01)。TRIMPS与运动后15 min和30 min时cf-DNA水平呈显著正相关(分别为r=0.55,P<0.01;r=0.64,P<0.05)。结果说明:cf-DNA是组织损伤早期标志物,可作为运动员机能监控的新指标。 相似文献
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10.
热预处理对急性运动大鼠股四头肌抗氧化能力的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的:通过观察热预处理后大鼠急性运动股四头肌热休克蛋白70(HSP70)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)的变化,并和室温进行相同负荷运动时各项指标进行比较,探讨HSP70对急性运动大鼠股四头肌自由基代谢的影响.方法:三月龄雄性SD大鼠随机分为室温安静组、室温运动组、热处理安静组、热处理运动组.热处理组进行热暴露处理室温恢复24 h后,运动组大鼠进行一次急性运动,运动后3 h进行取样,对股四头肌HSP70的表达、SOD活性和MDA含量进行测试.结果:1)热处理安静组HSPT0(465.6±19.3)含量明显高于室温安静组(312.8±58.2)(P<0.05),热处理运动组HSP70(542.6±12.1)含量明显高于室温运动组(411.9±31.1)(P<0.05);2)热处理安静组SOD活性高于室温安静组,但不具有显著性差异(P>0.05),热处理运动组SOD活性显著高于室温运动组(P<0.05);3)室温组和热处理安静组MDA含量无显著性差异(P>0.05),热处理运动组MDA含量与室温运动组比较显著降低(P<0.05).以上结果表明本实验热处理方案,可以明显提高股四头肌HSP70的表达,HSP70的高表达可增加运动时SOD活性,减少MDA的含量.提示HSP70可能会提高机体的抗氧化能力,对维持运动应激时机体氧化和抗氧化平衡具有一定作用. 相似文献
11.
Ricardo Ferraz Bruno Gonçalves Roland Van Den Tillaar Sergio Jiménez Sáiz Jaime Sampaio Mário C. Marques 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(1):116-122
The aim of this study was to identify the influence of prior knowledge of exercise duration on players’ pacing patterns during soccer small-sided games. Twenty semi-professional male soccer players participated in this study. In the first game scenario, players were not informed how long they would be required to play the small-sided game and the activity was terminated after 20 min (Unknown Condition). In the second game scenario, players were told that they would play the small-sided game for 10 min, but immediately after completing the 10-min game, they were asked to complete another 10 min (Partially Condition). In the third game scenario, players were instructed that they would play the small-sided game for 20 min and then they completed the 20-min game (Known Condition). The results presented a tendency of higher values in all performance variables in the [0′–10′] min compared with the [10′–20′] min. As the players’ previous knowledge about the tasks duration increased, the performance between two moments tended to be similar. Considering the entire 20-min game duration, the Partially Condition of the exercise was the most demanding condition. In conclusion, the knowledge of shorter durations of the exercise seems to lead to an increase of exercise duration demand, and longer exercise durations possibly tend to decrease differences between full knowledge and not knowing the exercise duration. 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to examine the effect of intermittent high-intensity shuttle running and fluid ingestion on the performance of a soccer skill. Nine semi-professional soccer players volunteered to participate in the study. Their mean (+/- s(x)) age, body mass and maximal oxygen uptake were 20.2+/-0.4 years, 73.2+/-1.8 kg and 59.1+/-1.3 ml x kg(-1) min(-1) respectively. The players were allocated to two randomly assigned trials: ingesting or abstaining from fluid intake during a 90 min intermittent exercise protocol (Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test: LIST). This test was designed to simulate the minimum physical demands faced by soccer players during a game. Before and immediately after performance of the test, the players completed a soccer skill test and a mental concentration test. Performance of the soccer skill test after the 'no-fluid' trial deteriorated by 5% (P<0.05), but was maintained during the fluid trial. Mean heart rate, perceived exertion, serum aldosterone, osmolality, sodium and cortisol responses during the test were higher (P<0.05) in the 'no-fluid' trial than in the fluid trial. The results of this study suggest that soccer players should consume fluid throughout a game to help prevent a deterioration in skill performance. 相似文献
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Bone turnover is affected by exercise throughout the lifespan, especially during childhood and adolescence. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of different sports on total and regional bone mineral density in male Brazilian adolescent athletes. Forty-six adolescents aged 10-18 years participated in the study: 12 swimmers, 10 tennis players, 10 soccer players, and 14 sedentary individuals. The athletes had engaged in physical activities for more than 10 h per week in the previous 6 months. Bone mineral density of the lumbar spine (L1-L4), left proximal femur region, and whole body was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results showed higher mean values in the proximal femur region of tennis and soccer players (1.02 ± 0.18; 0.96 ± 0.16, respectively) than swimmers and controls (0.91 ± 0.14 and 0.87 ± 0.06, respectively) (P < 0.05). In relation to the impact of sporting activities based on bone age determination, we observed significant differences in bone mineral density at all evaluated sites at the end of puberty (16-18 years) compared with 10-12 years, with increases of 78% in the lumbar spine, 47% in the proximal femur, and 38% in the whole body. 相似文献
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Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ingesting a carbohydrate-electrolyte solution, during the 90-min Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test, on soccer skill performance. Seventeen male soccer players ingested either a 6.4% carbohydrate-electrolyte solution or placebo solution equivalent to 8 ml · kg?1 body mass before exercise and 3 ml · kg?1 body mass after every 15 min of exercise, in a double-blind randomized cross-over design, with the trials separated by 7 days. The evening before the main trial, the participants performed glycogen-reducing exercise on a cycle ergometer (80 min at 70%[Vdot]O2max) and were then fed a low-carbohydrate meal. After a 12-h overnight fast, they performed The Loughborough Soccer Passing Test before and after every 15 min of exercise. Analysis of the combined skill test data showed a significant time effect (P = 0.001) with differences between 0–45 and 75–90 min (P < 0.05). There was a 3% reduction in skill performance from before to after exercise in the carbohydrate-electrolyte trial, whereas in the placebo trial the decrease was 14% (P = 0.07). In conclusion, skill performance during the simulated soccer activity appeared to deteriorate in the last 15–30 min of exercise. However, providing 52 g · h?1 carbohydrate during exercise showed a tendency to better maintain soccer skill performance than a taste-matched placebo. 相似文献
15.
The aim of this study was to devise a laboratory-based protocol for a motorized treadmill that was representative of work rates observed during soccer match-play. Selected physiological responses to this soccer-specific intermittent exercise protocol were then compared with steady-rate exercise performed at the same average speed. Seven male university soccer players (mean - s : age 24 - 2 years, height 1.78 - 0.1 m, mass 72.2 - 5.0 kg, VO 2max 57.8 - 4 ml·kg -1 ·min -1 ) completed a 45-min soccer-specific intermittent exercise protocol on a motorized treadmill. They also completed a continuous steady-rate exercise session for an identical period at the same average speed. The physiological responses to the laboratory-based soccer-specific protocol were similar to values previously observed for soccer match-play (oxygen consumption approximately 68% of maximum, heart rate 168 - 10 beats·min -1 ). No significant differences were observed in oxygen consumption, heart rate, rectal temperature or sweat production rate between the two conditions. Average minute ventilation was greater ( P ? 0.05) in intermittent exercise (81.3 - 0.2l·min -1 ) than steady-rate exercise (72.4 - 11.4l·min -1 ). The rating of perceived exertion for the session as a whole was 15 - 2 during soccer-specific intermittent exercise and 12 - 1 for continuous exercise ( P ? 0.05). The physiological strain associated with the laboratory-based soccer-specific intermittent protocol was similar to that associated with 45 min of soccer match-play, based on the variables measured, indicating the relevance of the simulation as a model of match-play work rates. Soccer-specific intermittent exercise did not increase the demands placed on the aerobic energy systems compared to continuous exercise performed at the same average speed, although the results indicate that anaerobic energy provision is more important during intermittent than during continuous exercise at the same average speed. 相似文献
16.
The aim of this study was to devise a laboratory-based protocol for a motorized treadmill that was representative of work rates observed during soccer match-play. Selected physiological responses to this soccer-specific intermittent exercise protocol were then compared with steady-rate exercise performed at the same average speed. Seven male university soccer players (mean +/- s: age 24 +/- 2 years, height 1.78 +/- 0.1 m, mass 72.2 +/- 5.0 kg, VO2max 57.8 +/- 4 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)) completed a 45-min soccer-specific intermittent exercise protocol on a motorized treadmill. They also completed a continuous steady-rate exercise session for an identical period at the same average speed. The physiological responses to the laboratory-based soccer-specific protocol were similar to values previously observed for soccer match-play (oxygen consumption approximately 68% of maximum, heart rate 168 +/- 10 beats x min(-1)). No significant differences were observed in oxygen consumption, heart rate, rectal temperature or sweat production rate between the two conditions. Average minute ventilation was greater (P < 0.05) in intermittent exercise (81.3 +/- 0.2 l x min(-1)) than steady-rate exercise (72.4 +/- 11.4 l x min(-1)). The rating of perceived exertion for the session as a whole was 15 +/- 2 during soccer-specific intermittent exercise and 12 +/- 1 for continuous exercise (P < 0.05). The physiological strain associated with the laboratory-based soccer-specific intermittent protocol was similar to that associated with 45 min of soccer match-play, based on the variables measured, indicating the relevance of the simulation as a model of match-play work rates. Soccer-specific intermittent exercise did not increase the demands placed on the aerobic energy systems compared to continuous exercise performed at the same average speed, although the results indicate that anaerobic energy provision is more important during intermittent than during continuous exercise at the same average speed. 相似文献
17.
有氧运动对低氧大鼠动脉内皮素反应敏感性的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
目的：了解有氧运动对低氧状态下大鼠动脉血管对内皮素（ET-1）反应的影响。方法：8周大的雄性sD大鼠，随机分为4组，训练组分别进行7周每天1h的游泳训练。分离出大鼠胸动脉，检测4组动脉环中ET-1含量、eNOS蛋白表达，以及动脉环在有、无内皮情况下和有特异性抑制剂时对ET-1的反应。结果：常氧下运动后动脉上ET-1含量减少，内皮eNOS蛋白表达增加，动脉血管对ET-1的敏感性明显下降（P〈0．05），低氧下动脉环ET_1的含量增加．内皮eNOS蛋白表达减少。有氧运动后尽管其动脉环上ET-1的含量有所下降（P〈0．05），但eNOS蛋白表达的增加很有限，低于N、NE组（P〈0．05）．有氧运动对内皮性ET-1受体介导的对ET-1反应的调节作用有限。结论：有氧运动的益处在于通过增强内皮功能，调节动脉对ET-1的反应性。而低氧状态下有氧运动对经内皮性ET-1受体介导的动脉血管对ET-1反应的调节作用有限。 相似文献
18.
Fatigue represents a reduction in the capability of muscle to generate force. The aim of the present study was to establish the effects of exercise that simulates the work rate of competitive soccer players on the strength of the knee extensors and knee flexors. Thirteen amateur soccer players (age 23.3+/-3.9 years, height 1.78+/-0.05 m, body mass 74.8+/-3.6 kg; mean+/-s) were tested during the 2000-2001 soccer season. Muscle strength of the quadriceps and hamstrings was measured on an isokinetic dynamometer. A 90 min soccer-specific intermittent exercise protocol, incorporating a 15 min half-time intermission, was developed to provide fatiguing exercise corresponding in work rate to a game of soccer. The exercise protocol, performed on a programmable motorized treadmill, consisted of the different intensities observed during soccer match-play (e.g. walking, jogging, running, sprinting). Muscle strength was assessed before exercise, at half-time and immediately after exercise. A repeated-measures analysis of variance showed significant reductions (P < 0.001) in peak torque for both the quadriceps and hamstrings at all angular velocities (concentric: 1.05, 2.09, 5.23 rad x s(-1); eccentric: 2.09 rad x s(-1)). The peak torque of the knee extensors (KE) and knee flexors (KF) was greater before exercise [KE: 232+/-37, 182+/-34, 129+/-27, 219+/-41 N x m at 1.05, 2.09 and 5.23 rad x s(-1) (concentric) and 2.09 rad x s(-1) (eccentric), respectively; KF: 126+/-20, 112+/-19, 101+/-16, 137+/-23 N x m] than at half-time (KE: 209+/-45, 177+/-35, 125+/-36, 214+/-43 N x m; KF: 114+/-31, 102+/-20, 92+/-15, 125+/-25 N x m) and greater at half-time than after exercise (KE: 196+/-43, 167+/-35, 118+/-24, 204+/-43 N x m; KF: 104+/-25, 95+/-21, 87+/-13, 114+/-27 N x m). For the hamstrings:quadriceps ratio, significant changes were found (P < 0.05) for both legs, the ratio being greater before than after exercise. For fast:slow speed and left:right ratios, no significant changes were found. We conclude that there is a progressive reduction in muscle strength that applies across a range of functional characteristics during exercise that mimics the work rate in soccer. 相似文献
19.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(3):163-172
Abstract To quantify the effects of adaptation to acutely intermittent hypoxia on running performance, we randomized 29 trained male hockey and soccer players in double-blind fashion to altitude or placebo groups for 15 days of daily use of a functional or placebo hypoxic re-breathing device. Each day's exposure consisted of alternately breathing stale and fresh air for 6 and 4 min respectively over 1 h. Oxygen saturation was monitored with pulse oximeters and progressively reduced in the hypoxia group (90% on Day 1, 77% on Day 15; equivalent to altitudes of ～3600–6000 m above sea level). Performance tests were an incremental run to maximum speed followed by six maximal-effort running sprints; tests were performed 1 day before, 3 days after, and 12 days after the 15-day treatment. Relative to placebo, at 3 days post treatment the hypoxia group showed a mean increase in maximum speed of 2.0% (90% confidence limits, ±0.5%); sprint speed was relatively faster by 1.5% (±1.7%) in the first sprint through 7.0% (±1.5%) in the last; there were also substantial reductions in exercise lactate concentration and resting and exercise heart rate. Substantial effects on performance were still present 9 days later. Thus, adaptation to acutely intermittent hypoxia substantially improves high-intensity running performance. 相似文献
20.
Jesper Jensen Thomas Bandholm Per Hölmich Kristian Thorborg 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(14):1357-1364
AbstractHip adduction strength is important for kicking and acceleration in soccer players. Changes in hip adduction strength may therefore have an effect on soccer players’ athletic performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute and sub-acute effects of a kicking drill session on hip strength, concerning isometric hip adduction, abduction and flexion torque of the kicking leg and the supporting leg. Ten injury-free male elite soccer players, mean ± s age of 15.8 ± 0.4 years participated. All players underwent a specific 20 min kicking drill session, comprising 45 kicks. The players were tested the day before, 15 min after and 24 h after the kicking drill session by a blinded tester using a reliable test procedure. The isometric hip-action and leg-order were randomized. For the kicking leg, hip adduction torque increased from 2.45 (2.19–2.65) Nm ? kg?1, median (25th–75th percentiles), at pre-kicking to 2.65 (2.55–2.81) Nm ? kg?1 (P = 0.024) 24 h post-kicking. This may have implications for the soccer player’s ability to maximally activate the hip adductors during kicking and acceleration, and thereby improve performance the day after a kicking drill session. 相似文献