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艺术体操空中转体跳步难度动作探析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1 研究对象与方法1.1 研究对象 :2 0 0 1年艺术体操世界锦标赛、2 0 0 2全国艺术体操冠军赛的参赛选手。1.2 研究方法 :文献资料研究法 ;录像统计与观察法 ;生物力学分析法。2 分析与讨论2 .1 转体跳步动作的特点及主要类型 典型的转体跳步动作主要有以下几个特点 :(1)整个动作在空中转体过程中完成 ;(2 )只有一个空中造型动作 ;(3)空中造型保持的时间长 ,几乎占空中转体的大部分过程 ;(4)转体的度数直接决定动作的难度和完成的质量。 主要动作类型有 :(1)无难度姿态的转体跳步动作 ;(2 )难度姿态的全身转体跳步动作 ;(3)创新姿… 相似文献
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以问卷调查法、数理统计法等作为研究方法,目的在于分析我国高水平舞蹈啦啦操运动员难度动作的完成水平和影响因素,帮助运动员进行有针对性的难度动作训练.结果表明:1.我国高水平舞蹈啦啦操运动员转体类、跳步类难度动作掌握较好,翻腾类难度动作完成水平最高,平衡与柔韧类难度动作技术水平有待提升,其中转体类难度动作完成水平与世界强队差距最大;2.影响我国舞蹈啦啦操运动员难度完成和技术水平提升的因素主要有专项系统训练时间不足、爆发力差、缺乏对难度技术动作的正确认识、缺少与国外强队的交流、运动损伤等. 相似文献
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第11届全运会女子体操平衡木决赛动作分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对第11届全运会女子体操平衡木决赛成套的动作内容、难度价值及动作使用频率等进行统计,研究结果表明：规则的导向作用巨大,D组以上动作是成套可记入难度的主体,技巧动作以及舞蹈动作中高难的跳步动作是中国的优势;但是成套动作类型相对单一、多样化不够,个性不突出。建议提高教练员和运动员的艺术修养,编排中突出运动员风格,力争在转体动作和动作连接上有所创新突破。 相似文献
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中、外优秀艺术体操运动员跳步难度动作的比较研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用文献资料调研、录像解析、统计分析等方法,探究我国艺术体操运动员在完成跳步难度动作时与世界优秀运动员之间的差距。结果发现,中外优秀艺术体操运动员在成套动作中,跳步难度动作完成质量并无显著差异,但在选择跳难度数量、种类以及器械动作配合上存在显著性差异。 相似文献
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本文运用文献资料法、对比分析法、图像分析法、数理统计法等科研方法,查阅有关女子自由体操舞蹈转体动作的文献和资料,以2009-2012、2013-2016、2017-2020三个周期的女子竞技体操评分规则为依据,对29届北京奥运会和31届里约奥运会女子自由操决赛前3名运动员的成套动作数据进行分析.研究得出:舞蹈转体动作难度加大;舞蹈转体动作提高连接加分;舞蹈类转体动作使用增多;舞蹈转体动作与艺术性的结合加强.提出了发展运动员优势动作;重视基本技术训练;重视规则的策略. 相似文献
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采用文献资料法及数理统计方法,对2007“好运北京”艺术体操国际邀请赛集体项目的10套动作技术价值分析,结果表明：中国集体项目技术价值的编排偏低;交换难度的数量及价值具有一定的优势;跳步、转体、平衡及混合类难度是薄弱环节;柔韧类难度动作有一定优势。并针对性地提出建议,为中国艺术体操集体项目在比赛中取得优异成绩提供理论依据。 相似文献
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中国艺术体操队集体成套动作中难度动作价值的构成与分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在前人研究成果的基础上,以中国艺术体操队和世界一流艺术体操队为研究对像,采用录像统计法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法对艺术体操成套动作中难度价值的构成进行了分析,指出我国优秀艺术体操运动员在成套动作构成中,在动作难度的选择上跳和转体的难度数量多,但难度水平较低分值少,这反映出我国艺术体操运动员在跳和转体动作上技术水平较差。 相似文献
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通过对我国艺术体操个人运动员在成套中采用踹燕转体动作的现状和对各省市开展踹燕转体动作进行调查,分析我国艺术体操成年运动员学习和掌握踹燕转体难度动作的情况以及阻碍我国发展此类型难度动作的原因,以期为教练员和运动员的训练实践提供有益参考。 相似文献
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郭奕海 《山东体育学院学报》2006,22(2):96-98
采取文献资料法、实地观察法、录像观察法、统计法对中外优秀女子蹦床运动员的动作进行分析,得出结论：我国优秀女子运动员和世界优秀女子运动员之间的动作难度差距在于动作的转体和动作姿势上,我国优秀女子运动员的动作转体度数小,以直体、屈体姿势完成的动作少;在动作的翻转上,中外优秀女子运动员之间不存在明显差距. 相似文献
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Due to the significant amount of time dancers spend on the forefoot, loads on the metatarsophalangeal joints are likely high, yet vary between dance movements. The purpose of this study was to compare joint motion and net joint moments at the metatarsophalangeal joints during three different dance movements ranging in demands at the foot and ankle joints. Ten healthy, female dancers (27.6 ± 3.2 years; 56.3 ± 6.9 kg; 1.6 ± 0.1 m) with an average 21.7 ± 4.9 years of dance training performed relevés (rising up onto the toes), sautés (vertical bipedal jumps), and saut de chat leaps (split jumps involving both vertical and horizontal components). Metatarsophalangeal joint kinematics and kinetics in the sagittal plane were calculated. Total excursion and peak net joint moments during rising or push-off were compared between the three dance movements. Greater extension of the metatarsophalangeal joints was seen during relevés compared to sautés or saut de chat leaps, and the largest metatarsophalangeal net joint moments were seen during saut de chat leaps. The metatarsophalangeal joints frequently and repetitively manage external loads and substantial metatarsophalangeal extension during these three dance movements, which may contribute to the high rate of foot and ankle injuries in dancers. 相似文献
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运用文献资料法、问卷调查法和数理统计法，对山东省高校在职体育教师的髌骨损伤情况进行调查，结果显示：1）男女教师髌骨受损的发生率相比无显著差异（P〉0．05）；2）男女教师急性髌骨损伤在各年龄组间有显著差异，教龄短者更易于受损伤；3）教师各年龄组间慢性髌骨受损情况有非常显著性差异（P〈0．01）以教龄〉10年以上受损率最高，其受伤原因为冲撞、跳跃、扭伤，据此提出治疗康复方法。 相似文献
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The aim of this article was to understand how active power is used in squat and countermovement jumps. A simple empirical model comprising a mass, a spring, an active element and a damper, together with an optimisation principle, was used to identify the mechanical factors that maximise performance of jumps without countermovement (squat jumps, SJ) and with countermovement (CMJ). Twelve amateur volleyball players performed SJ from two initial positions and CMJ with two degrees of counterbalancing, while kinematic data were collected (jump height, push-off duration and position of the centre of mass). The model adjusted well to real data of SJ through all the impulse phase, and slightly less adequately at the end of this phase for CMJ. Nevertheless, it provides a satisfactory explanation for the generation and utilisation of active power for both type of jumps. On average, the estimated power of the active elements, the spring, and the damper were greater in the SJ. Based upon the result obtained with this model, we suggest that active power is best evaluated with SJ. The reason for this is that, during this kind of jump, the elements associated with the damper consume much of the energy produced by the active elements. The participation of the elements that consume the energy generated by the active elements is less in CMJ than in SJ, allowing for a better utilisation of this energy. In this way it is possible to achieve a better performance in CMJ with less active power. 相似文献
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对中、外优秀艺术体操运动员跳跃类身体难度动作的比较研究结果显示:我国运动员在跳跃类身体难度动作使用的数据上与国外选手没有明显差异,但是在所选择的跳跃类身体难度动作的类型、动作的连接顺序和方式等方面却存在较大差距。同时,由于转体类和平衡类难度动作技术发展相对滞后,形成了我国运动员跳跃类难度动作选择和使用的依赖性,也暴露出我国艺术体操对难度动作的类型的选择、表现形式和连接方式等方面缺乏多样性和变化运用的弊端。 相似文献
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Silvio Lorenzetti Fabian Ammann Sabrina Windmüller Ramona Häberle Sören Müller Micah Gross 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2019,18(1):63-74
As hill jumps are very time-consuming, ski jumping athletes often perform various imitation jumps during training. The performed jumps should be similar to hill jumps, but a direct comparison of the kinetic and kinematic parameters has not been performed yet. Therefore, this study aimed to correlate 11 common parameters during hill jumps (Oberstdorf Germany), squat jumps (wearing indoor shoes), and various imitation jumps (rolling 4°, rolling flat, static; jumping equipment or indoor shoes) on a custom-built instrumented vehicle with a catch by the coach. During the performed jumps, force and video data of the take-off of 10 athletes were measured. The imitation and squat jumps were then ranked. The main difference between the hill jumps and the imitation and squat jumps is the higher maximal force loading rate during the hill jumps. Imitation jumps performed on a rolling platform, on flat ground were the most similar to hill jumps in terms of the force–time, and leg joint kinematic properties. Thus, non-hill jumps with a technical focus should be performed from a rolling platform with a flat inrun with normal indoor shoes or jumping equipment, and high normal force loading rates should be the main focus of imitation training. 相似文献
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文章采用文献资料法和录像资料分析法等方法,通过对长拳第二套国际竞赛套路各类动作及动作组合进行统计,从套路动作各个组成部分的空间搭配和排列、单个动作和组合动作的意义特征、整体动作的运行路线方面分析了其竞技性、观赏性、以及在反映武术本质和特点方面所达到的程度。结果发现,长拳第二套国际竞赛套路动作的运行路线往返交叉,变化多样,整体动作的组合流畅,动作有高、中、低三个空间位置的变化,基本能表现出起伏转折;很多动作有一定的技击性特征,能在一定程度上反映武术的内容和特点。不足之处在于,与竞技体育和竞技武术自选套路的现状相比,其跳跃动作的难度还不够,整体审美表现力还不够强。 相似文献
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In this study, we examined the acute effects of manipulating exercise order when combining countermovement jumps and loaded parallel squats in a complex training session, and the acute effects of countermovement jumps and loaded parallel squats on sprinting performance. Eight rugby players participated in five trials, including two that involved performing loaded parallel squats followed by countermovement jumps or vice versa in a randomized cross-over design. Peak rate of force development and peak force were measured during countermovement jumps and loaded parallel squats. Peak power, jump height, and duration of amortization phase were also determined during the countermovement jumps. Peak force during squatting was significantly greater in both cross-over treatments (loaded parallel squats-countermovement jumps and countermovement jumps-loaded parallel squats) compared with the control (P 相似文献
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人体疲劳的生物力学分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对疲劳前后的两组纵跳中关节功率的变化及其与人体疲劳的关系进行了定量分析。纵跳动作用摄像机记录，录像资料用一套运动影像分析系统进行分析处理。纵跳中的地面反力由测力台进行测量。对两组动作中的关节功率进行了生物力学计算和比较。结果表明，关节功率能够明确地反映人体各部分的疲劳程度，是对人体疲劳进行定量描述的重要力学量。 相似文献
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主要采用调查访问法、录像观察法,对1994年至2006年4届冬奥会女子自由式滑雪空中技巧比赛所有使用三周动作的9个国家14名选手及其48跳次三周动作进行了系统研究。结果得出:从第17届至第20届冬奥会,两跳三周动作平均难度从6.28升至7.57,着陆成功率从14%升至61%,平均动作质量系数从0.70升至0.79,经过12年的发展其三周动作已实现了质的飞跃;与前3届冬奥会相比,第20届冬奥会女子空中技巧三周动作的使用效益最大,这将对今后该项目的技术发展与实力格局产生重要影响。 相似文献
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Much of the training of competitive telemark skiers is performed as dry-land exercises. The specificity of these exercises is important for optimizing the training effect. Our aim here was to study the activation of the knee extensor musculature and knee angular displacement during competitive telemark skiing and during dry-land strength training exercises to determine the specificity of the latter. Specificity was analysed with respect to angular amplitude, angular velocity, muscle action and electromyographic (EMG) activity. Five male telemark skiers of national and international standard volunteered to participate in the study, which consisted of two parts: (1) skiing a telemark ski course and (2) specific dry-land strength training exercises for telemark skiing (telemark jumps and barbell squats). The angular displacement of the right knee joint was recorded with an electrogoniometer. A tape pressure sensor was used to measure pressure between the sole of the foot and the bottom of the right ski boot. Electromyographic activity in the right vastus lateralis was recorded with surface electrodes. The EMG activity recorded during maximum countermovement jumps was used to normalize the EMG activity during telemark skiing, telemark jumps and barbell squats. The results showed that knee angular displacement during telemark skiing and dry-land telemark jumps had four distinct phases: a flexion (F1) and extension (E1) phase during the thrust phase of the outside ski/leg in the turn/jump and a flexion (F2) and extension (E2) phase when the leg was on the inside of the turn/jump. The vastus lateralis muscle was activated during F1 and E1 in the thrust phase during telemark skiing and telemark jumps. The overall net knee angular amplitude was significantly greater (P<0.05) for telemark jumps than for telemark skiing. Barbell squats showed a knee angular amplitude significantly greater than that in telemark skiing (P<0.05). The mean knee angular velocity of the F1 and E1 phases during telemark skiing was about 0.47 rad?·?s?1; during barbell squats, it was about 1.22 rad?·?s?1. The angular velocity during telemark jumps was 2.34 and 1.59 rad?·?s?1 in the F1 and E1 phase, respectively. The normalized activation level of the EMG bursts during telemark skiing, telemark jumps and barbell squats was 70–80%. In conclusion, the muscle action and level of activation in the vastus lateralis during the F1 and E1 phases were similar during telemark skiing and dry-land exercises. However, the dry-land exercises showed a larger knee extension and flexion amplitude and angular velocity compared with telemark skiing. It appears that an adjustment of knee angular velocity during barbell squats and an adjustment of knee angle amplitude during both telemark jumps and barbell squats will improve specificity during training. 相似文献