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1.
运用“简极-茵战K1”智能足球运动表现分析系统采集12名大学生运动员在8场正式足球比赛中的跑动和心率相关指标,量化运动员的外部和内部比赛负荷。结果显示：（1）在外部负荷方面,大学生足球运动员在正式的足球比赛中场均跑动距离（8 464±822） m,其中,慢速跑跑动距离约占39.8%,低速跑跑动距离约占30.2%,高强度跑动距离约占5.1%,场均高强度跑动次数（30±14）次;在内部负荷方面,运动员在比赛中的平均心率为（160±11） 次/分钟,52%的比赛时间处于80%最大心率以上区间,仅有14.5%的比赛时间内处于70%最大心率以下区间。（2）后卫球员的跑动总距离大程度地低于中场（ES=1.2,可能性>95%）和前锋（ES=1.4,可能性>95%）,高强度跑平均间歇时间则中等程度地高于中场（ES=0.6,可能性>75%）和前锋（ES=0.9,可能性>75%）,后卫球员在比赛处于中高强度心率区间的时间比例中等程度地低于中场（ES=1.0,可能性>95%）和前锋（ES=1.1,可能性>75%）。前锋球员在比赛中的最大跑动速度（ES=0.7,可能性>75%）、步行距离（ES=0.8,可能性>75%）、慢速跑跑动距离（ES=0.6,可能性>75%）和中等强度心率区间占比（ES=0.7,可能性>75%）皆中等程度地高于中场球员,而低速跑跑动距离（ES=0.8,可能性>75%）、平均心率（ES=0.6,可能性>75%）和高强度心率区间占比（ES=0.6,可能性>95%）则都中等程度的低于中场球员。  相似文献   

2.
采取GPS全球定位系统和心率监测系统对14名大学足球专项学生在3场课堂教学比赛中的内、外部运动负荷进行量化,采用数据级数推断法对比其上、下半场比赛负荷的差异性。结果显示：（1）足球专项课堂教学比赛中,大学足球专项学生平均跑动距离为8 319 m,平均跑动速度为5.59 km/h,平均完成19次高速跑和7.6次冲刺跑。学生在上半场的跑动总距离,平均跑动速度,慢速跑、低速跑、中低速跑、中速跑、中高速跑和高速跑跑动距离、跑动时间与次数,高强度减速跑跑动距离和时间,低强度减速跑跑动距离、时间和次数,低强度加速跑跑动距离和次数,加速度负荷、反复高强度跑动次数都明显高于下半场（ES介于0.35~1.22,可能性>75%）,上半场的步行移动时间（ES=0.94,可能性>99.5%）和反复高强度跑动的平均恢复时间（ES=1.60,可能性>99.9%）则明显低于下半场;（2）大学足球专项学生的课堂教学赛的比赛时的平均心率为165 次/分钟,约占最大心率的82.8%,大学足球专项学生在整场课堂教学比赛59.5%的时间中处于中高强度和高强度心率区间,学生在下半场处在中高强度心率区间的时间明显多于上半场（ES=0.5,可能性介于75%~95%）,而上、下半场处在高强度心率区间的时间只存在微小无意义的差异（ES=0.15,可能性介于75%~95%）。  相似文献   

3.
男子曲棍球运动员比赛跑动能力研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
运用SIMI°Scout技、战术分析系统对63名参加第11届全运会曲棍球比赛的男子曲棍球运动员的比赛跑动能力进行分析,在不划分位置情况下,曲棍球运动员上半场多数速度段跑动距离和跑动总距离高于下半场多数速度段跑动距离,表明下半场由于体能下降导致多数速度段的跑动距离有所下降。经过t检验发现,曲棍球的第1速度段跑动距离上、下半场有显著性差异,说明曲棍球第1速度段的跑动距离在下半场下降更明显。在划分运动员位置情况下,量化了曲棍球前锋运动员、前卫运动员和后卫运动员不同时间段的不同速度段的跑动距离。通过对比发现,曲棍球比赛中,运动员跑动距离存在显著的位置特征,前锋运动员和前卫运动员无氧高强度和无氧有氧混合中等强度跑动和跑动总距离要高于后卫运动员。前锋运动员、前卫运动员和后卫运动员上半场多数速度段的跑动距离和跑动总距离高于下半场多数速度段的跑动距离,通过t检验没有发现更进一步的差异性。  相似文献   

4.
五体球是一项集足球和篮球玩法于一体的新型球类运动,因其较高的场地利用率和观赏性而具备广阔的推广前景,目前广东省已成功举办 4.届大学生五体球联赛。采取心率监测系统和GPS全球定位系统对5 1.名大学生运动员在第三届大学生五体球联赛中 7.场比赛的心率数据与跑动相关数据进行监测,用以量化评估五体球比赛运动负荷特征,并采用数据级数推断法对比了不同阶段比赛负荷的差异性。结果显示:(1)运动员比赛平均心率为(164.5±13.4)次/分钟,约占最大心率的82.5%±6.9%,在比赛时间内运动员每分钟跑动(67.6±14.0) m,其中低强度跑动(速度＜1 2.km/h)距离约占93.1%,高强度跑动(速度≥1 5.km/h)距离仅占2.1%,最大跑动速度为(18.4±3.8) km/h ;(2)五体球联赛省赛阶段的平均心率占最大心率百分比、跑动总距离、加速度负荷、中低强度加速和减速次数、中高强度变向次数、身体冲撞次数和爆发性活动次数皆清晰高于市赛,而最大跑动速度和冲刺跑距离占比则清晰低于市赛(ES为0.95~1.12,可能性75%~95%)。研究结果说明大学生五体球比赛的总体比赛负荷要低于足球和篮球,加速、急停和变向等灵敏性素质是区分五体球比赛水平的显著性指标  相似文献   

5.
不同位置女子足球运动员的最大摄氧量   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
本研究测量33名17-26岁优秀女子足球员的最大摄氧量（VO2max）,中场球员（n=11）的VO2max（45.4±0.6mL/kg-1·min-1）有较高的趋势,与后卫（43.3±1.4mL·kg-1·min-1,n=7）和前锋（42.6±1.7mL·kg-1·min-1,n=8）之间无显著差异（P > 0.05）,但显著（P<0.05）优于守门员（39.1±0.8mL·kg-1·min-1,n-7）,中场球员扮演连接前锋与后卫的角色,比赛中跑的距离或时间常比其它位置的球员多,这与较高的心肺耐力有关。本研究资料显示,球场上的角色位置,似乎可反映出女足球员不同的有氧能力与比赛的生理需求。  相似文献   

6.
目的：通过对上海女足2012年联赛中比赛活动特征的分析,了解上海女足比赛中的跑动特点及体能状况;通过与国内最高水平比赛、国家队及其他世界强队的对比分析,了解与高水平运动队之间的差距,寻找到上海女足训练的突破点,为上海女足在第12届全运会中夺取金牌提供有效的科技支撑.方法：通过已取得专利的自主研发的足球训练负荷监控系统对上海女足2012年联赛上海赛区上海—大连、上海—长春的两场比赛进行跑动负荷的测试.结果：（1） 2012年联赛期间上海赛区的比赛与国外高水平运动队相比,上海女足运动员高速跑和冲刺跑的距离及所比重偏少.（2）上海女足在2012年联赛中不同位置运动员在比赛中整体跑动能力存在差异,边后卫和中场球员总跑动距离最多,而边前卫和边后卫的高强度及以上跑动距离最多,前锋高强度以上跑动距离最少.（3）上海女足在2012年联赛前准备期高强度的有氧间歇训练不足,导致联赛期间体能贮备不足.结论：我国女足联赛水平较低、对抗性不强,上海女足运动员联赛期间的跑动能力与国内最高水平比赛及世界强队相比存在一定的差距,今后的训练必须加强高强度的有氧间歇训练.  相似文献   

7.
探究足球比赛中控球率不同时,对球员体能和技术表现的需要及影响,对球队制定训练计划有着积极的参考意义。数据的获得是借助多台 高速摄像机、计算机追踪系统。研究表明：在不同控球率的比赛中,体能类指标中的跑动总距离和高强度跑距离没有明显区别;高控球率球队有球 高强度跑动要高于低控球率31%,而低控球率球队无球高强度跑动距离则要超出高控球率22%;高控球率队球员传球次数比低控球率队多44%,这 种优势同样体现在成功传球次数、接球次数、触球次数、射门、运球和攻入对方最后1/3防守区域次数等;中后卫在低控球率时的高强度有球跑动距 离要少于高控球率33%,而边后卫、前锋和中场队员在低控球率时,高强度无球跑动要多于高控球率同位置的队员,有球高强度跑则要低于高控球 率同样位置的球员。技术指标数据统计结果表明,在采用高控球率打法时,场上所有位置球员传球和接球的总次数要明显高于低控球率的打法。 结果表明：控球率对球队的整体跑动没有明显的影响,但对高强度跑动数据和一些技术因素的运动表现有较明显的影响;球队控球率不同时,特定 位置球员的跑动和技术指标会产生明显的变化。  相似文献   

8.
目的：考虑比赛中断因素影响的情况下，探讨我国职业足球运动员比赛结束时段跑动能力是否下降。方法：基于STATS Pro R计算机视频跟踪系统采集的275名职业足球运动员3 438组比赛跑动数据，围绕足球比赛间歇性特征，同时考虑中断时间动态特征和比分差距大小对跑动表现的影响。运用数据级数推断分别界定我国职业足球运动员半场结束时段和比赛结束时段的跑动能力是否下降。研究发现：(1)相较比赛开始阶段，比赛结束时段的中断时间呈现清晰的增加，比分均衡比赛结束时段的中断时间增加更为明显；(2)我国职业足球运动员比赛结束时段总跑动距离呈现清晰的下降(ES=0.31~0.56)，但该下降以中、低速跑动距离为主，所有位置运动员冲刺跑动距离均只出现微小无意义变化(ES=0.14~0.08)；(3)上半场中、低速跑动距离下降程度大于下半场，高强度跑动距离的下降程度小于下半场；(4)比赛结束时段跑动表现变化的位置特征表现为，中后场运动员高强度跑动距离未发生有意义变化，前场运动员高速跑动距离则呈现清晰的减少(ES=0.25~0.37)。结果表明：考虑比赛中断因素影响后，我国职业足球运动员比赛结束时段高强度跑动距离总体未呈现下降趋势；中后场运动员高速跑动距离和冲刺跑动距离均只出现了微小无意义变化，而前场运动员的高速跑动距离则呈现清晰的减少。  相似文献   

9.
目的:为提高训练和比赛中外部负荷监控的准确性,采用场地测试的方法,研制出适合我国U13~U18岁男子足球运动员体能特征的跑动速度区间。方法:在文献分析的基础上,选取最大冲刺速度(maximal sprint speed,MSS)、最大有氧速度(maximal aerobicpeed,MAS)、无氧速度储备(anaerobic speed reserve,ASR)作为构建跑速区间的体能指标参数,并对218名U13~U18岁男子足球运动员进行40 m冲刺跑和Yo-Yo IR1测试。结果:不同年龄段球员的MSS和MAS均呈现出显著性差异(F=65.28,P<0.01;F=39.95,P<0.01)。不同年龄段球员被聚类为2个年龄组(Silhouette Coefficient=0.6>0.5),其中,U13~U14年龄组走慢跑为0~8.3 km/h,低速跑为8.3~10.7 km/h,中速跑为10.7~13.2 km/h,快速跑为13.2~16.5 km/h,高速跑为16.5~20.0 km/h,冲刺跑为20 km/h以上;U15~U18年龄组走慢跑为0~9 km/h,低速跑为9.0~11.7 km/h,中速跑为11.7~14.4 km/h,快速跑为14.4~18.0 km/h,高速跑为18.0~21.9 km/h,冲刺跑为21.9 km/h以上。结论:研究所构建的跑动速度区间具有较佳的理论依据和适用性,可以更客观、精确地提高男子青少年足球运动队日常训练、比赛中外部负荷的监控水平。  相似文献   

10.
我国优秀青年足球运动员比赛高强度跑动变化特征研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
旨在评估我国优秀青年足球运动员比赛中高强度活动体能的变化特征。运用SIMIScout比赛分析系统对21名国奥队员和25名国青队员在 一个赛季里的比赛体能表现,及YoYo测试成绩进行了分析研究。研究结果显示：（1）比赛中的高强度跑动距离可以作为评价优秀青年足球运动员 比赛体能状态的敏感指标;（2）描述了优秀青年足球运动员比赛中的活动距离,尤其是高强度跑动距离的变化趋势;（3）国奥队运动员在比赛中的高 强度跑动距离明显多于国青队运动员,国奥队运动员的YoYo测试成绩明显好于国青队运动员;（4）优秀青年足球队的中后卫运动员在比赛中的高 强度跑动距离明显少于边后卫、前卫和前锋运动员;（5）构建了我国优秀青年足球运动员比赛中高强度跑动距离的评价标准,可应用于运动员比赛 中体能状态的评价与诊断。  相似文献   

11.
Abstract

We compared the match activity profiles of elite footballers from Australian football (AF), rugby league (RL) and soccer (SOC), using identical movement definitions. Ninety-four elite footballers from AF, RL or SOC clubs in Australia participated in this study. Movement data were collected using a 5-Hz global positioning system from matches during the 2008–2011 competitive seasons, including measures of velocity, distance, acceleration and bouts of repeat sprints (RS). Australian footballers covered the greatest relative running distances (129 ± 17 m.min?1) compared to RL (97 ± 16 m.min?1) and SOC (104 ± 10 m.min?1) (effect size [ES]; 1.0–2.8). The relative distance covered (4.92 ± 2.10 m.min?1 vs. 5.42 ± 2.49 m.min?1; 0.74 ± 0.78 m.min?1 vs. 0.97 ± 0.80 m.min?1) and the number of high-velocity running (0.4 ± 0.2 no.min?1 vs. 0.4 ± 0.2 no.min?1) and sprint (0.06 ± 0.06 no.min?1 vs. 0.08 ± 0.07 no.min?1) efforts between RL and SOC players were similar (ES; 0.1–0.3). Rugby league players undertook the highest relative number of accelerations (1.10 ± 0.56 no.min?1). RS bouts were uncommon for all codes. RL and SOC players perform less running than AF players, possibly due to limited open space as a consequence of field size and code specific rules. While training in football should be code specific, there may be some transference of conditioning drills across codes.  相似文献   

12.
Abstract

The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between intensities of exercise during match-play of elite-standard soccer referees with those of the players from the same match. Match analysis data were collected (Prozone® Leeds, UK) for 18 elite-standard soccer referees (age 26–49 years) on FA Premier League matches during the 2008/09 English FA Premier League season (236 observations). Running categories for referees and players were as follows: total distance covered (m); high-speed running distance (speed >19.8 km · h?1); and sprinting distance (speed >25.2 km · h?1). Analysis of the distance–time regression coefficients revealed no differences between the referees' and players' within-match rates of change for total distance covered (?0.594 ± 0.394 vs. ?0.713 ± 0.269 m · min?1; P = 0.104), high-speed running (?0.039 ± 0.077 vs. ?0.059 ± 0.030 m · min?1; P = 0.199), and sprinting (?0.003 ± 0.039 vs. ?0.021 ± 0.017 m · min?1; P = 0.114). In addition, there were no differences between across-season rates of change for total distance (–26.756 ± 40.434 vs. ?20.031 ± 25.502 m per match day; P = 0.439) and sprinting (–9.662 ± 7.564 vs. ?8.589 ± 4.351 m per match day; P = 0.542). These results show that elite-standard soccer referees' intensities of exercise during match-play are interrelated with those of the players and thus demonstrate that referees are able to keep pace with the players during FA Premier League matches.  相似文献   

13.
The current study examined how sleep may be influenced by the scheduling of training and match load within 10 youth-soccer players. Sleep was measured over a 14-day in-season period using a commercially available wireless sleep monitor. Each collected sleep variable; lights out, sleep latency, total sleep time wake after sleep onset and final awakening, was compared for the specific day within the training schedule (e.g. match day [MD], day after match [MD?+?1]) and to training/match load (high-speed distance (>5.5 m/s) [HSD] and rating of perceived exertion. The data were analysed using mixed models and effect sizes, to describe the magnitude of effects that training schedule and training load may have on sleep. A reduction of sleep duration was observed on the day after the match (MD?+?1) in relation to the training days preceding the match (MD-2: ?65 min, ES: 0.89?±?0.79; MD-1 ?61 min, ES: 0.82?±?0.64) and reduction on match day (+45 min; ES: 1.91?±?1.69). This may suggest youth-soccer players actively change their sleep scheduling behaviours in relation to the imposed soccer schedule. Increased high-speed running (for every 100 m) showed a small increase to total sleep time (+9 min; ES: 0.48?±?0.31). This may suggest that increases in training load may be associated with small increases in sleep quantity. Such observations may highlight that the type of day and the associated load within the training microcycle may have important consequences for sleep within youth-soccer players.  相似文献   

14.
Abstract

The study examined the effect of caffeine supplementation on match activities and development of fatigue during a football match. In a randomised, double-blind cross-over design, two experimental football games separated by 7 days were organised between the junior teams of two professional football clubs (17.6 ± 1.1 years (±s), 71.7 ± 6.9 kg, 13.9% ± 5.0% body fat). The players ingested either a capsule of 6 mg · kg?1 b.w. caffeine or placebo (dextrose) 65 min prior to the matches. Match activities were assessed using the ZXY match analysis system, and a Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test–level 2 (Yo-Yo IR2) was conducted immediately post-game. Heart rate was monitored throughout the game, and blood samples were obtained at baseline, half-time and after the game. There were no differences between caffeine and placebo regarding total distance covered (10,062 ± 916 vs 9854 ± 901 m), high-intensity running (557 ± 178 vs 642 ± 240 m), sprinting distance (109 ± 58 vs 112 ± 69 m) or acceleration counts (123 ± 31 vs 126 ± 24). In both trials, players displayed lower (P < 0.05) values in total distance and acceleration counts in the last 15 min compared to all other 15-min periods of the matches. Post-game Yo-Yo IR2 performance was not different between game trials (caffeine: 829 ± 322 m; placebo 819 ± 289 m). In conclusion, oral caffeine administration does not appear to have an ergogenic effect in young football players during match play.  相似文献   

15.
The purpose of this study was to analyse the physical and technical performances of professional tennis players during official matches. The trajectories of eight players were obtained during matches, using an automatic tracking method. The distances covered and technical performances were analysed for the first and second sets. The athletes covered (mean ± standard deviation) a total of 1702.4 ± 448.2 m in the first set, 1457.6 ± 678.1 m in the second set and 3160.0 ± 880.1 in the entire match. No differences were found between the sets for the physical variables (lateral and forward displacements, distance covered per rally, per game and per set, and the percentage of time spent in each range of velocity). However, the distances covered by the athletes during the rallies in which they were serving (median = 5.2; interquartile range (IQR) = 6.7 m) were statistically smaller than when they were returning (median = 6.2; IQR = 7.7 m). Forehand ground stroke proficiency decreased from the first (mean ± standard deviation: 75.2 ± 4.11%) to the second set (mean ± standard deviation = 65.5 ± 14.3%). In conclusion, tennis players did not present reduced physical performance from the first to the second set.  相似文献   

16.
This study investigated the effects of successive matches on match-running in elite under-23 soccer players during an international tournament. Match-running data was collected using a semi-automated multi-camera tracking system during an international under-23 tournament from all participating outfield players. Players who played 100% of all group stage matches were included (3 matches separated by 72 h, n = 44). Differences in match-running performance between matches were identified using a generalised linear mixed model. There were no clear effects for total, walking, jogging, running, high-speed running and sprinting distance between matches 1 and 3 (effect size (ES); ?0.32 to 0.05). Positional analysis found that sprint distance was largely maintained from matches 1 to 3 across all positions. Attackers had a moderate decrease in total, jogging and running distance between matches 1 and 3 (ES; ?0.72 to ?0.66). Classifying players as increasers or decreasers in match-running revealed that match-running changes are susceptible to individual differences. Sprint performance appears to be maintained over successive matches regardless of playing position. However, reductions in other match-running categories vary between positions. Changes in match-running over successive matches affect individuals differently; thus, players should be monitored on an individual basis.  相似文献   

17.
Abstract

In this study, we investigated the physical demands and activity profiles of international field hockey umpires during match-play. We collected GPS data and heart rates from ten umpires over 16 international matches. Total mean distance covered in a full match was 6655±406 m. No differences were observed between mean distances covered in the first and second halves (3390±241 m and 3264±253 m respectively; P =0.093). Hockey umpires spent 2.7±1% of the total match time performing high-intensity running (>15.5 km · h–1). Paired t-tests revealed no difference in the distance umpires covered during high-intensity running in the first versus the second half (339±168 m vs. 285±106 m; P=0.113), or in the number of sprints performed (3.4±2.3 vs. 2.8±2.1; P=0.290). There was large inter-individual variability in the total distance covered at high intensity (range 274–999 m). No difference in mean heart rates was evident between the first and second half (150±9 and 147±10 beats · min–1 respectively; P =0.055). The results of this study show that the performance of the participating hockey umpires did not decrease from the first to the second half. Training and testing procedures should be updated to reflect the specific role of the hockey umpire.  相似文献   

18.
The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between intensities of exercise during match-play of elite-standard soccer referees with those of the players from the same match. Match analysis data were collected (Prozone? Leeds, UK) for 18 elite-standard soccer referees (age 26-49 years) on FA Premier League matches during the 2008/09 English FA Premier League season (236 observations). Running categories for referees and players were as follows: total distance covered (m); high-speed running distance (speed >19.8 km · h(-1)); and sprinting distance (speed >25.2 km · h(-1)). Analysis of the distance-time regression coefficients revealed no differences between the referees' and players' within-match rates of change for total distance covered (-0.594 ± 0.394 vs. -0.713 ± 0.269 m · min(-1); P = 0.104), high-speed running (-0.039 ± 0.077 vs. -0.059 ± 0.030 m · min(-1); P = 0.199), and sprinting (-0.003 ± 0.039 vs. -0.021 ± 0.017 m · min(-1); P = 0.114). In addition, there were no differences between across-season rates of change for total distance (-26.756 ± 40.434 vs. -20.031 ± 25.502 m per match day; P = 0.439) and sprinting (-9.662 ± 7.564 vs. -8.589 ± 4.351 m per match day; P = 0.542). These results show that elite-standard soccer referees' intensities of exercise during match-play are interrelated with those of the players and thus demonstrate that referees are able to keep pace with the players during FA Premier League matches.  相似文献   

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