共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
1．目的：体会前摆着地膝关节的放松和脚向下“扒地”动作。改进落地技术、提高途中跑大腿摆压转换速度和快速下压的技术和能力。 相似文献
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绝对速度是影响我国短跑运动水平提高的主要原因,而传统的短跑理论是束缚运动员绝对速度的根本原因;摆动腿积极下压和小腿积极后扒的鞭打动作是途中跑动作中的关键技术,文章进而探讨了这一关键动作的技术,并就提高这一动作技术和专门力量速度训练的手段进行了设计。 相似文献
3.
<正> 途中跑是短跑中距离最长的段落。途中跑技术的掌握很大程度上影响短跑的成绩。一、技术要领 (一)摆臂技术:颈肩放松,上体前倾或正直,手腕放松,两臂弯屈、大小臂约90°,以肩关节为轴前后有力摆动,摆臂动作要与腿部动作相配合。向前摆的速度要快,幅度要大,并不同程度的带动肩部沿脊柱做前后扭转。 (二)摆腿动作:随着跑动惯性,摆动腿以髋关节发力带动同侧腿放松折叠、快速向前摆动。大腿抬起,与上体倾斜线接近垂直。摆动腿大腿积极下压,足前掌积极扒地,脚掌迅速有力的落在身体重心垂影点前适当位置。着地瞬间,小腿与地面垂 相似文献
4.
山崎史惠,女,身高168cm,体重50kg,最好成绩24″8。从上面一组连续技术图片中可以看出,她大腿膝部拾得较高(5,10,15),后蹬很有力;两腿后摆比较靠近身体中心(一般是后留多),大小腿折叠大,前摆着地动作利索、漂亮,一般短跑运动员是难以做到这一点的。如果摆动腿下压着地前能再放松些,还能取得更大的步长。当然,不能为了修正这个缺点而失去其他优点。山崎史惠途中跑技术的另一个优点是,摆臂动作和腿的动作配合较好。前摆臂至 相似文献
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1、左腿支撑用力工作过程在滑步时，当左腿完成了向投掷方向的摆动，积极下落时，左脚尖略微向外转并带动髋部向左侧转动，尽快地使左脚下压着地，以取得双腿支撑。两脚的着地时间越接近越好，使滑步与最后用力动作衔接得更紧凑，随着左腿的积极下压形成良好的左侧支撑，为最后用力动作奠定了良好的基础。左侧应以脚掌内侧，落在投掷圈中心线的左侧，靠近抵趾板处，右脚跟、左脚尖几乎在一条直线上。 相似文献
6.
短跑下地动作的生物力学分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文旨在定量地分析短跑下地动作。3名高水平的短跑运动员为本研究的实验对象。用一部高速摄影机以每秒150格拍摄运动途中跑的动作。以GP-2000型影片分析仪分析所拍摄的影片,所测量的数据包括靠近摄影机一侧运动员腿的髋、膝、踝关节及趾的坐标,原始数据用二阶低过滤波法进行平滑。以相对速度对结果进行分析。结果认为:①短跑有效下地动作的关键是在着地前瞬间迅速降低着地脚的速度;②在摆动后期积极下压大腿及快速后屈小腿,对降低着地脚速度都有贡献。其中以后屈小腿的贡献最为显著。 相似文献
7.
技术训练在提高高校短跑运动员专项素质与专项成绩过程中起着非常重要的作用。在短跑专项技术训练中应注意以下问题:狠抓短跑途中跑的关键技术——大小腿折叠前摆,正确、合理掌握下压扒地动作,改进后蹬技术,科学地解决形成正确技术与训练强度的矛盾。 相似文献
8.
快速跑是中小学体育教学的重点，完整技术包括起跑和起跑后的加速跑、途中跑、终点跑（终点冲刺和撞线）。在教学中，教师如何根据学生练习中易犯的错误分析原因，进行纠正，使学生掌握正确的技术动作是教学能否取得成效的关键。 相似文献
9.
许多研究表明，现代短跑途中跑技术更强调的是“快速伸髋”和“积极着地”技术。现运用生物力学原理，对短跑途中跑腾空阶段前后摆动腿的后伸、后摆、前摆、下压着地技术及腾空过程中的仲髋技术对跑速的影响进行了分析。 相似文献
10.
1.对途中跑摆动腿动作技术过程的分析1.1短跑途中跑中摆腿动作效果影响短跑时当支撑腿着地瞬间,摆腿动作有利于减小人体与地面的冲击作用。在缓冲阶段,摆动腿动作能使人体总重心迅速前移,有利于缩短缓冲时间和增加支撑腿内蹬地力量,当支撑腿进入蹲伸时,摆腿动作有利于提高支撑腿的蹲伸速度,途中跑中摆动腿动作的好坏对短跑的途中跑有着相当大的影响。 相似文献
11.
中国优秀女子跳远运动员起跳过程摆动腿技术的运动学研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
运用高速摄影和影片解析法,对我国优秀女子跳远运动员起跳过程摆动腿技术进行研究发现,起跳过程中摆动腿紧密衔接的快速后蹬、加速前摆和制动前摆动作能促使身体重心在不更多损耗水平速度的基础上获得更大的垂直速度,并最终提高腾起瞬间身体重心的垂直位置、初速度和腾起角,对跳远起跳效果和成绩的提高具有显著的促进作用。 相似文献
12.
It is widely assumed that there is an eccentric hamstring muscle fibre action during the swing phase of high-speed running. However, animal and modelling studies in humans show that the increasing distance between musculotendinous attachment points during forward swing is primarily due to passive lengthening associated with the take-up of muscle slack. Later in the swing phase, the contractile element (CE) maintains a near isometric action while the series elastic (tendinous) element first stretches as the knee extends, and then recoils causing the swing leg to forcefully retract prior to ground contact. Although modelling studies showed some active lengthening of the contractile (muscular) element during the mid-swing phase of high-speed running, we argue that the increasing distance between the attachment points should not be interpreted as an eccentric action of the CE due to the effects of muscle slack. Therefore, there may actually be no significant eccentric, but rather predominantly an isometric action of the hamstrings CE during the swing phase of high-speed running when the attachment points of the hamstrings are moving apart. Based on this, we propose that isometric rather than eccentric exercises are a more specific way of conditioning the hamstrings for high-speed running. 相似文献
13.
Cristine Agresta Christian R. Ward W. Geoffrey Wright Carole A. Tucker 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2018,17(2):206-215
Many field sports involve equipment that restricts one or both arms from moving while running. Arm swing during running has been examined from a biomechanical and physiologic perspective but not from an injury perspective. Moreover, only bilateral arm swing suppression has been studied with respect to running. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of running with one arm restrained on lower extremity mechanics associated with running or sport-related injury. Fifteen healthy participants ran at a self-selected speed with typical arm swing, with one arm restrained and with both arms restrained. Lower extremity kinematics and spatiotemporal measures were analysed for all arm swing conditions. Running with one arm restrained resulted in increased frontal plane knee and hip angles, decreased foot strike angle, and decreased centre of mass vertical displacement compared to typical arm swing or bilateral arm swing restriction. Stride length was decreased and step frequency increased when running with one or both arms restrained. Unilateral arm swing restriction induces changes in lower extremity kinematics that are not similar to running with bilateral arm swing restriction or typical arm swing motion. Running with one arm restrained increases frontal plane mechanics associated with risk of knee injury. 相似文献
14.
We have previously argued that there may actually be no significant eccentric, but rather predominantly an isometric action of the hamstring muscle fibres during the swing phase of high-speed running when the attachment points of the hamstrings are moving apart. Based on this we suggested that isometric rather than eccentric exercises are a more specific way of conditioning the hamstrings for high-speed running. In this review we argue that some of the presumed beneficial adaptations following eccentric training may actually not be related to the eccentric muscle fibre action, but to other factors such as exercise intensity. Furthermore, we discuss several disadvantages associated with commonly used eccentric hamstring exercises. Subsequently, we argue that high-intensity isometric exercises in which the series elastic element stretches and recoils may be equally or even more effective at conditioning the hamstrings for high-speed running, since they also avoid some of the negative side effects associated with eccentric training. We provide several criteria that exercises should fulfil to effectively condition the hamstrings for high-speed running. Adherence to these criteria will guarantee specificity with regards to hamstrings functioning during running. Practical examples of isometric exercises that likely meet several criteria are provided. 相似文献
15.
采用文献资料法、实验法和对比分析法等研究方法,通过对现役运动员王能希的历时两年跟踪调查研究,拍摄其途中跑的影像资料并进行解析,取得其运动学数据。通过对比分析数据的变化来剖析髋关节摆动技术对短跑成绩的影响。 相似文献
16.
分析刘翔、杰克逊110 m栏跑12.91 s同一成绩的技术参数。结果表明,刘翔的栏间速度均匀性强、节奏好,专项速度能力、专项速度耐力、终点冲刺能力以及起跑后的疾跑加速能力强,栏间3步步频快,这是他能创此优异成绩的重要技术因素与优势所在。但与杰克逊相比,刘翔最快栏周期出现较晚,快于1 s的高速分栏时间少,跨栏技术动作稳定性、起跑反应时、第1段落的加速能力以及跨栏步技术还有待提高与完善。 相似文献
17.
论100米跑运动员的加速跑、加速跑距离、加速能力 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李广文 《体育科技文献通报》2006,14(9):11-13
运用文献资料调研、逻辑分析等研究方法,对世界优秀短跑运动员100m跑相关据进行分析研究。结果表明,100米跑的加速跑距离和总成绩在可能不相关的情况下,不能计算它们的相关性;100米跑的加速能力强的表现应该是加速度大,传统的理解“加速距离长,加速能力强”是错误的;建议100米跑的速度特征研究立足于最大速度的研究上,所有的研究应该围绕如何提高最大速度来进行。 相似文献
18.
通过对九运会中国男子百米跑优秀运动员途中跑的技术录像解析，分析所获得的速度、角速度、步频、步长、单步各时相等运动学参数的具体指标，并与国内外优秀百米跑选手作比较，结果认为，九运会男子百米途中跑速度较以往有了明显的提高，原因主要是步长的提高，但与国外优秀选手还有差距，主要原因是步长不足；中国百米跑运动员应减少腾空时间以增大身体重心位移的支撑与腾空时间比；九运会男子百米跑运动员的摆腿及摆臂技术差异较大，且摆臂时前摆不足后摆过大，使身体产生向前的动力不足。 相似文献
19.
通过对男子短跑运动员100m途中跑垂直缓冲时段运动学参数的灰色关联度分析，得出以下结论：下肢的关节点的夹角及上臂摆幅与跑速高度相关，各环节角度变化将影响短跑运动员跑进时的前蹬阻力及后蹬腿的蹬地方向，进而影响后蹬腿对地做功的有效功率。由此可见，增加短跑运动员途中跑垂直缓冲时段髋关节、膝关节及上臂前摆幅将有助于提高短跑的跑速。 相似文献
20.
Ayako Higashihara Takashi Ono Jun Kubota Toru Okuwaki Toru Fukubayashi 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(10):1085-1092
Abstract In this study, we examined hamstring muscle activation at different running speeds to help better understand the functional characteristics of each hamstring muscle. Eight healthy male track and field athletes (20.1 ± 1.1 years) performed treadmill running at 50%, 75%, 85%, and 95% of their maximum velocity. Lower extremity kinematics of the hip and knee joint were calculated. The surface electromyographic activities of the biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscles were also recorded. Increasing the running speed from 85% to 95% significantly increased the activation of the hamstring muscles during the late swing phase, while lower extremity kinematics did not change significantly. During the middle swing phase, the activity of the semitendinosus muscle was significantly greater than that of the biceps femoris muscle at 75%, 85%, and 95% of running speed. Statistically significant differences in peak activation time were observed between the biceps femoris and semitendinosus during 95%max running (P < 0.05 for stance phase, P < 0.01 for late swing phase). Significant differences in the activation patterns between the biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscles were observed as running speed was increased, indicating that complex neuromuscular coordination patterns occurred during the running cycle at near maximum sprinting speeds. 相似文献