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Physical self and physical activity relationships in college women: does social physique anxiety moderate effects? 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
This research assessed whether social physique anxiety moderated the relationship between physical self-perceptions and the level of physical activity involvement in young women. Participants were 354 female students who completed the Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS), Physical Self-Perception Profile, Self-Administered 7-Day Physical Activity Recall (PAR), and Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (LTEQ). Both physical activity measures were significantly related to the SPAS and all physical self-perceptions. Multiple regressions showed that only self-perceptions of conditioning significantly predicted PAR (R2 = .24) and LTEQ (R2 = .30). SPA did not add any unique variance in predicting activity, and no moderator effects were found for either PAR or LTEQ. Findings suggest that perception of physical conditioning is the dominant predictor of physical activity levels in young women, and social physique anxiety does not moderate this relationship. 相似文献
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社会性体格焦虑是针对体格而形成的一种社会焦虑的特定亚型,是身体锻炼的一个重要前因和后果。社会性体格焦虑作为前因影响锻炼动机、情境选择、情绪反应和行为;同时,身体锻炼作为一种干预方式可以有效降低社会性体格焦虑的水平。 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(3):143-152
Abstract This study investigated whether self-modeling plus physical practice would improve intermediate level figure skaters’ jump performance, as well as their self-efficacy, motivation, and state anxiety, when compared to physical practice alone. Twelve female figure skaters (M=13.4 years of age, SD=1.4) participated in a within-participant design where they received a self-modeling intervention for one jump and a control condition for another jump. They were also compared with a separate control group of 7 skaters (M=14.2 years of age, SD=2.35) who received no intervention. We hypothesized that skaters would show greater improvement in physical and psychological performance scores for jumps in the self-modeling condition than for jumps in the control conditions. We also hypothesized that increased self-efficacy and motivation and decreased state anxiety would mediate the relationship between self-modeling and physical performance. Counter to our predictions, no differences existed between the two conditions for the self-modeling group or between the self-modeling group and the control group. Despite the lack of statistical support for our hypotheses, skaters’ evaluation of the intervention was very positive and suggests possible explanations for the results. 相似文献
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社会性体格焦虑与锻炼动机和行为的关系在国外的研究中还存有不一致的结论,但是多数研究者肯定社会性体格焦虑对锻炼动机和行为的影响。由于国内目前仅有极个别研究者涉及此领域,本综述在介绍国内外社会性体格焦虑与锻炼动机和行为关系研究进展的同时,也希望能将此方面研究纳入我国锻炼心理学研究领域。 相似文献
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We estimated age at menarche in a cross-sectional sample of 159 competitive figure skaters aged 11-22 years. The sample represented three standards (test stream, pre-elite, elite) and three disciplines (free skaters, pair skaters, dancers). The status quo (yes/no) and retrospective methods were used. Estimated age at menarche based on probit analysis of the status quo data was 14.2 +/- 0.5 years, with 95% confidence intervals of 13.2 to 15.2 years. Mean recalled age at menarche for 67 skaters aged 16 years or over was 13.6 +/- 1.2 years. Comparisons of skaters by standard and discipline were limited to skaters > or = 16 years. Menarche was, on average, significantly later (P < 0.01) in elite (n = 36; 14.0 +/- 1.4 years) than in test stream (n = 15; 12.9 +/- 0.8 years) skaters. Age at menarche in pre-elite skaters (n = 16; 13.5 +/- 0.9 years) did not differ significantly from the other two groups. By discipline, menarche was, on average, significantly later (P < 0.01) in pair skaters (n = 12; 14.5 +/- 1.3 years) than in both free skaters (n = 38; 13.4 +/- 1.0 years) and dancers (n = 17; 13.4 +/- 1.4 years). Early maturing girls (menarche < 12.0 years; n = 2) were not represented in this sample of competitive figure skaters. Mean recalled age at menarche of mothers of skaters (n = 84) was 13.7 +/- 1.3 years and the mother-daughter correlation (n = 56 pairs) was 0.45 (P < 0.01). Later maturation was thus characteristic of competitive figure skaters, particularly in elite and more specialized pair skaters, and there was a significant familial resemblance. 相似文献
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通过文献综述法,介绍了近年来国外运动心理学领域中有关社会性体格焦虑的概念和理论,并对社会性体格焦虑与人口统计学指标、身体锻炼变量、身体自尊等心理健康变量之间的关系进行回顾和评述。综述认为,该领域的研究应从自我表现角度出发深入了解和认识社会性体格焦虑,为我国锻炼心理学领域提供一些理论和实践的思考。 相似文献
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目的:探讨体育锻炼对老年Ⅱ型糖尿病患者身体形态、身体素质、身体机能及动脉阶段弹性的影响。方法:根据体育锻炼问卷结果将受试者分为锻炼组(n=73)和非锻炼组(n=49)进行相关指标的观察。结果:锻炼组的形态、机能、素质类指标多数优于非锻炼组,锻炼组与不锻炼组相比,除体重和血压不具有统计学差异外,其余指标均具有显著性差异;锻炼组肱动脉—踝动脉脉搏波传导速度显著低于非锻炼组,但踝臂指数与非锻炼组无显著性差异。结论:经常参加体育锻炼可增强老年Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的体质,提高老年Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的动脉顺应性。 相似文献
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社会性体格焦虑是影响大学生参加体育锻炼的重要影响因素,通过对杭州9所高职院校的900多名学生进行抽样调查,从而得出高职院校大学生社会性体格焦虑的现状,并通过调查数据分析获得每个量表的内部结构,各个量表和维度的相关性,各个量表之间的结构,为高职院校大学生更好地参与体育锻炼提供参考依据。 相似文献
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对我国速滑运动员特质焦虑和状态的初步研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用美国心理学家斯皮伯格的状态—特质焦虑调查表,对我国42名速滑运动员的特质焦虑和状态焦虑进行了初步研究。经T检验、方差分析、多重比较表明,男女速滑运动员的临赛状态焦虑与特质焦虑相比,前者明显上升。男女运动员相比没有差异,但男女不同等级运动员间,状态焦虑的上升幅度随运动员等级的升高而降低。研究结果对如何控制和调节运动员的焦虑水平可提供重要的参数。 相似文献
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In the present study, we examined developmental and contextual factors that may increase the odds of reporting higher social physique anxiety (SPA) among 404 adolescent athletes 11 to 16 years old. Findings showed older, later maturing athletes past peak height velocity and with greater body mass index (BMI) reported higher SPA. Individual aesthetic sport athletes were older at menarche, had lower BMI, and reported higher SPA. The odds of reporting higher SPA were 4.5 times higher (odds ratio = 4.61) for individual aesthetic sport athletes than for nonaesthetic sport athletes. Team aesthetic sport contexts were not implicated in SPA risk. Results are discussed in terms of self-selection away from individual aesthetic sports and the relevance of physical size and puberty in the SPA construct. 相似文献
11.
Álvaro Sicilia Piedad Sáenz-Alvarez David González-Cutre Roberto Ferriz 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):354-364
Purpose: Based on self-determination theory, the purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between social physique anxiety and intention to be physically active, while taking into account the mediating effects of the basic psychological needs and behavioral regulations in exercise. Method: Having obtained parents' prior consent, 390 students in secondary school (218 boys, 172 girls; Mage = 15.10 years, SD = 1.94 years) completed a self-administered questionnaire during physical education class that assessed the target variables. Preliminary analyses included means, standard deviations, and bivariate correlations among the target variables. Next, a path analysis was performed using the maximum likelihood estimation method with the bootstrapping procedure in the statistical package AMOS 19. Results: Analysis revealed that social physique anxiety negatively predicted intention to be physically active through mediation of the basic psychological needs and the 3 autonomous forms of motivation (i.e., intrinsic motivation, integrated regulation, and identified regulation). Conclusion: The results suggest that social physique anxiety is an internal source of controlling influence that hinders basic psychological need satisfaction and autonomous motivation in exercise, and interventions aimed at reducing social physique anxiety could promote future exercise. 相似文献
12.
Elavsky S 《运动与训练心理学杂志》2010,32(6):862-880
This 2-year prospective study examined the exercise and self-esteem model in middle-aged women (N = 143) previously enrolled in a randomized controlled exercise trial. Across the 2-year period, increases in physical activity (PA) and self-efficacy and reductions in body mass index (BMI) were associated with improved subdomain self-perceptions relative to physical condition, and reductions in BMI were associated with improved subdomain self-perceptions relative to physical condition and body attractiveness. The effects of PA, self-efficacy, and BMI on changes in physical self-worth and global self-esteem were mediated by changes in self-perceptions relative to physical condition and body attractiveness. The results of this longitudinal analysis support the hierarchical and multidimensional structure of self-esteem and indicate that middle-aged women can enhance how they perceive their condition and body attractiveness by continued participation in physical activity, increasing their self-efficacy, and maintaining healthy BMI levels. 相似文献
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Exploring self-perceptions and social influences as correlates of adolescent leisure-time physical activity 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This study examined adolescent leisure-time physical activity correlates using the expectancy-value (EV) model. Adolescents (N = 857) completed questionnaires to assess competence and value self-perceptions, social influences, and physical activity. Direct and indirect effects of self-perceptions and parent and best friend influences on physical activity were explored using structural equation modeling. Measurement models were a good fit to the data and gender invariance was supported. The structural mediation model was a reasonable fit to the data, whereby the indirect effects of parents and peers and the direct effects of competence beliefs and values together accounted for 49% of the variance in physical activity. In this model, the pattern of relationships was similar for adolescent males and females. Findings supporting the EV model provide theoretical and practical implications for understanding adolescent physical activity. 相似文献
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采用心理测量法，对我国28名少年优秀短道速度滑冰运动员和11名成年优秀短道速度滑冰运动员的运动认知特质焦虑和竞赛状态焦虑进行研究，结果表明：优秀成年短道速滑运动员的认知特质焦虑、竞赛状态焦虑都高于少年短道速滑运动员，但无显著差异；在性别的比较上，认知特质焦虑、竞赛状态焦虑无显著差异。在认知特质焦虑、竞赛状态焦虑的相关分析上，优秀成年短道速滑运动员的认知特质焦虑、竞赛状态焦虑呈负相关，无显著意义；而少年短道速滑运动员的认知特质焦虑、竞赛状态焦虑呈正相关，具有显著的意义。 相似文献
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Future drop-outs (n = 27) and continuing (n = 41) female competitive gymnasts were compared with respect to their physical, performance and injury characteristics measured through a large battery of tests completed while they were participants in competition. Included were anthropometric variables, body composition and somatotype, strength, flexibility, endurance, power, speed and balance measurements, and previous injury information. Differences were examined through t-tests and through discriminant analyses of principal components. The results indicate that the drop-outs were as a group distinguishable from the continuing gymnasts: they were significantly older, taller and heavier which may account for the finding that they were significantly stronger, more powerful and faster, and had greater endurance. They also had a slightly more linear/ectomorphic physique with less muscularity, and performed better on most flexibility tests. Only in a gymnastic-specific flexibility variable did the continuing gymnasts out-perform the drop-outs. It was concluded that it was mainly the age factor, and presumably the social and psychological factors associated with it, that distinguished the future drop-outs from the continuing gymnasts, and that factors related to the physical make-up and performance capacities of gymnasts cannot readily predict withdrawal from the sport. 相似文献
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Self-compassion: a potential resource for young women athletes 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Self-compassion has demonstrated many psychological benefits (Neff, 2009). In an effort to explore self-compassion as a potential resource for young women athletes, we explored relations among self-compassion, proneness to self-conscious emotions (i.e., shame, guilt-free shame, guilt, shame-free guilt, authentic pride, and hubristic pride), and potentially unhealthy self-evaluative thoughts and behaviors (i.e., social physique anxiety, obligatory exercise, objectified body consciousness, fear of failure, and fear of negative evaluation). Young women athletes (N = 151; Mage = 15.1 years) participated in this study. Self-compassion was negatively related to shame proneness, guilt-free shame proneness, social physique anxiety, objectified body consciousness, fear of failure, and fear of negative evaluation. In support of theoretical propositions, self-compassion explained variance beyond self-esteem on shame proneness, guilt-free shame proneness, shame-free guilt proneness, objectified body consciousness, fear of failure, and fear of negative evaluation. Results suggest that, in addition to self-esteem promotion, self-compassion development may be beneficial in cultivating positive sport experiences for young women. 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(3):197-203
Abstract The present study is designed to examine the influence of individual differences in perceived evaluative threat and baseline responses on changes in feeling states experienced during acute exercise in college-age women with high social physique anxiety. Thirty women with high social physique anxiety completed acute bouts of stationary cycling at either a self-selected or imposed intensity in both naturalistic fitness centre and laboratory environments. Multivariate analysis of changes in feeling states during exercise yielded a significant baseline×perceived evaluative threat×intensity interaction during exercise in the naturalistic fitness centre environment. Decomposition of this interaction revealed that, within the naturalistic environment, women with the least favourable baseline feeling states who perceived the lowest amount of evaluative threat during exercise demonstrated the greatest improvements in affect during self-selected intensity exercise. These findings suggest that, among women with high social physique anxiety, changes in feeling states reported during exercise are influenced by an interaction between baseline affective responses, the intensity of exercise, and environmentally induced perceptions of evaluative threat. 相似文献