共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
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维生素是维持机体健康不可缺少的一类低分子有机化合物,是天然食物中的一种成分。它不同于糖、脂肪、蛋白质,维生素既不是体内的能源物质,也不是组织细胞的结构成分,它是通过构成辅酶成分(如维生素 B_6是转氨酶的辅酶)或某一种激素的前体(如维生素 D)而实现对体内物质代谢的调节作用。 相似文献
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目前,已有大量实验表明,左旋肉碱、泛酸、支链氨基酸、辅酶Q10等营养素对于运动疲劳有延缓作用,作为强有力的运动营养补剂已经被广泛运用到体育锻炼和抗运动性疲劳当中。该文采用文献资料法对运动性疲劳的变化特征进行综述,并且针对不同机制合理使用补给做出阐释和说明,旨在为运动训练水平的提升和大众健身能力的提高提供科学、有效的参考。 相似文献
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长期以来泛酸被认为是一种“抗应激”维生素,因为它主要影响肾上腺皮质机能和细胞代谢。泛酸是辅酶 A 的组成部分,存在于所有细胞内,参与多种重要的代谢过程。脂肪、糖和某些蛋白质都可降解形成中间代谢产物乙酰辅酶 A。乙酰辅酶 A 也可以作为脂肪和类固醇激素合成的前体。一般认为,泛酸广泛存在于一切植物中,故又名遍多酸。人体肠道细菌也可以合成,故少见泛酸缺乏症。但也有一些文 相似文献
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常康 《武汉体育学院学报》1988,(5)
哌甲脂用于临赛时的运动员可消除情绪所致的技术失常,提示智能药物是较理想的临赛药物;还提示运动员情绪因素造成的技术失常可能与中枢神经系统肾上腺素能神经递质—受体效应被干扰有关;还提示兴奋药应用不当会导致竞赛失败。辅酶A与维生素B_1是糖与脂肪代谢进入三羧循环的主要辅酶,可加强三羧循环提高供能并纠正连续高强度运动产生的体内酸化,故“高压氧吸入+辅酶A,维生素B族药物+正规胰岛素4—8μ”是较合理的增加运动员供能的用药方案。 相似文献
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运动对呼吸链抗氧化能力的影响 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
呼吸链是防御氧攻击的一道重要屏障,还原型CoQ10细胞色素c是呼吸链中抗氧化的重要物质;运动对呼吸链的抗氧化能力有重要影响。复合物Ⅰ活性与运动量、强度和时间密切相关;急性力竭运动可以使细胞色素c活性降低;辅酶Q的含量与自由基的产生呈线性相关。 相似文献
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外源性补充辅酶Q 对肝脏线粒体ATP 合成能力的影响 总被引:17,自引:1,他引:16
以递增负荷次最大强度跑台运动为模型,观察了外源补充辅酶Q(CoQ)大鼠肝脏线粒体CoQ10结合含量和H+-ATPase合成活力的影响。实验分为:对照组(NC)、CoQ补充组(QC)、运动组(NE)和CoQ补充运动组(QE)组。结果表明:外源性补充CoQ和运动应激均显著增加线粒体CoQ结合含量(P<0.05);QC和QE组H+-ATPase合成活力均显著高于NC组(P<0.05),且QE组显著高于NE组(P<0.05)。研究提示,外源补充CoQ可能通过增加线粒体呼吸链电子传递速率,改善电子传递与质子泵出偶联状况,提高运动中线粒体ATP再合成能力。 相似文献
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内皮素在运动中对心血管功能及疾病影响的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
内皮素(endothelin,ET)对人体具有广泛的生物学效应,在多个系统的生理、病理过程中发挥作用。阐述体育运动中机体内皮细胞ET水平的变化及其机制,急性运动中内皮细胞ET对心血管功能的影响,适宜强度运动训练中内皮细胞ET对心血管功能的效应及机制,并探讨其在体育保健和运动康复中的意义。 相似文献
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Kazuhiro Shimizu Yukichi Hanaoka Takao Akama Ichiro Kono 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(7):617-623
This study examined ageing and free-living daily physical activity effects on salivary human beta-defensin 2 (hBD2). A total of 168 healthy elderly and 26 healthy young volunteers underwent saliva sampling. Free-living step count, energy expenditure and activity durations at specific intensity levels (inactive, light, moderate and vigorous) were evaluated. The results show significantly lower salivary hBD2 secretion rates for elderly than for young participants (P < 0.05). Data from elderly participants were stratified by steps per day using quartiles (Q1–Q4) for distribution. Elderly in quartiles respectively showed step counts of 3145 ± 129 in Q1, 5294 ± 83 in Q2, 7001 ± 86 in Q3 and 10,236 ± 416 steps · day?1 in Q4. In elderly participants, significant differences were found in the mean step count, energy expenditure and activity duration with increasing pedometer-determined activity quartiles. hBD2 secretion rates were significantly higher for Q2, Q3 and Q4 than for Q1 (P < 0.05). Elderly participants in Q3 had the highest hBD2 secretion. In conclusion, these results suggest that moderate physical activity in daily living improves age-related impairment of oral immune function mediated by hBD2. For oral immune function enhancement and for prevention of upper respiratory tract infections in elderly people, we recommend accumulation of more than 7000 steps · day?1. 相似文献
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Norikazu Hirose 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(11):1159-1166
Abstract The aim of the present study was to clarify relationships among the distribution of birth month, maturation and body size in young soccer players. We therefore examined physical and maturational differences between selected players, who were considered to have higher potential to play soccer at a professional level as decided subjectively by coaches, and unselected players. Participants were 332 elite soccer players (mean age = 12.2 ± 1.5 years; range = 9.1–15.0 years). Participants were divided into six categories (under = U10 to U15), depending on chronological age. Height, body mass skeletal age and maturation difference (skeletal age – chronological age) were compared among four groups (quarter = Q1 to Q4) depending on month of birth. Overall, the distribution of players across the four quarters was skewed such that numbers were greatest in Q1 and smallest in Q4. No significant differences in maturation difference were observed between birth quarters in any age category. On the other hand, except for the U14 age category, there were no significant differences in height between Q4 and Q1 players. However, the height of Q4 players was significantly smaller than those of Q1 in three (U11, U13 and U14, P < 0.01) of six categories when maturation difference was statistically controlled. Our results suggest a clear bias toward quarter of birth and this bias may depend to some extent on differences in individual skeletal age and body size. Individual biological maturation should thus be considered when selecting adolescent soccer players. 相似文献
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我国运动生物力学研究现状——第10届运动生物力学学术交流大会论文述评 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
对第 1 0届全国运动生物力学会议的论文进行了述评 ,充分肯定了近几年我国运动生物力学学科的发展和学术水平的提高 ,并从论文中归纳了反映学科发展新内容的特征。 相似文献
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一氧化氮与运动训练 总被引:23,自引:1,他引:22
侯丽 《天津体育学院学报》1999,14(3):13-16
一氧化碳(NO)对人体有广泛的生物学效应,在多个系统的病理生理过程发挥作用。本文阐述了运动训练中NO 的变化及其机制,NO 对骨骼肌血流和氧代谢的调节,NO 对运动训练中冠脉血管的作用,与NO 有关的体育锻炼对血管栓塞性疾病的影响及运动训练对血小板功能的影响 相似文献
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特奥运动发展现状及其社会效应研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
文章论述了特奥会的起源、使命、前景、理念及目标,特殊奥运会与奥运会、残奥会的区别以及特殊奥运会所带来的社会效应,以深化人们对特奥会的认识,并进而突出了特奥会鲜明的人文价值取向,改变人们对特奥会的看法。 相似文献