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周欣 《中国体育(中英文版)》2004,(8)
~~ Barcelona double champion GuoJingjing is set to spearhead Chinesewomen's charge towards Olympic glory. Recovering from an ankle injuryincurred during the winter training camp,Guo has kept a low key about her Olympicgold expectations after her doubledisappointments in Sydney, losing toteammate Fu Mingxia in the individualevent and surrendering synchronized titleto Russian pair Vera Ilina and IouliaPakhalina, who are also hot favorites forboth the individual and synchronizedevents asid… 相似文献
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Catarina N. Matias Diana A. Santos David A. Fields Luis B. Sardinha Analiza M. Silva 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(12):1225-1233
Abstract Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS) provides an affordable and practical assessment of fat-free mass (FFM). However, little information is available on the assessment of changes in fat-free mass in top-level athletes using BIS. The aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of BIS in tracking changes in fat-free mass of elite male judo athletes from a period of weight stability to just before competition, using the four-compartment model (4C model) as reference method. In total, 27 elite male judo athletes (age 22.2 ± 2.8 years) were evaluated. Measures of body volume assessed by air displacement plethysmography, bone mineral content by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and total-body water assessed with deuterium dilution were used in a 4C model. Fat-free mass was also assessed by BIS (FFMBIS). Changes in FFMBIS were not significantly different from measured by the reference method (P = 0.000). Furthermore, the r 2 was 0.62 and the standard error of the estimate was 1.03 kg. The limits of agreement ranged from ?3.36 to 2.59 kg with no bias observed. These findings demonstrate the viability of BIS as a valid tool for tracking fat-free mass in elite male judo athletes. However, based on the wide limits of agreement observed, BIS is less valid at an individual level for tracking fat-free mass in these athletes. 相似文献
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CN Matias DA Santos DA Fields LB Sardinha AM Silva 《Journal of sports sciences》2012,30(12):1225-1233
Abstract Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS) provides an affordable and practical assessment of fat-free mass (FFM). However, little information is available on the assessment of changes in fat-free mass in top-level athletes using BIS. The aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of BIS in tracking changes in fat-free mass of elite male judo athletes from a period of weight stability to just before competition, using the four-compartment model (4C model) as reference method. In total, 27 elite male judo athletes (age 22.2?±?2.8 years) were evaluated. Measures of body volume assessed by air displacement plethysmography, bone mineral content by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and total-body water assessed with deuterium dilution were used in a 4C model. Fat-free mass was also assessed by BIS (FFM(BIS)). Changes in FFM(BIS) were not significantly different from measured by the reference method (P?=?0.000). Furthermore, the r (2) was 0.62 and the standard error of the estimate was 1.03 kg. The limits of agreement ranged from -3.36 to 2.59 kg with no bias observed. These findings demonstrate the viability of BIS as a valid tool for tracking fat-free mass in elite male judo athletes. However, based on the wide limits of agreement observed, BIS is less valid at an individual level for tracking fat-free mass in these athletes. 相似文献
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１．在１９９２年欧锦赛预选赛中,法罗群岛不得不将他们首次参加这一赛事的四场主场比赛移到瑞典去打,因为他们的赛场草皮都是中看不能用的人造的假草皮。 ２．热刺队的中场球员Ａｌｌａｎ·Ｍｕｌｌｅｒｙ是英格兰队在国际比赛历史上第一位被罚下场的球员,当时是在１９６８年欧锦赛半决赛英格兰对南斯拉夫比赛中。 ３． １９９５年欧锦赛预选赛阿尔巴尼亚与斯洛文尼亚的比赛中,只有５０名观众到场观看。 ４．在获得１９８８年欧锦赛冠军荷兰队队中,有５人留有小胡子,也许这使他们看起来更漂亮一些。（其中有古力特、里杰卡尔德,猜猜… 相似文献
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This study aims to examine the changes in the role of government in Chinese elite sport development during three stages between 1949 and 2012. By analyzing the literature in terms of value orientation, governance scope and resource allocation methods, the study shows that the government functioned differently in each of the three stages. The changes to the government's involvement in Chinese elite sport development occurred in tandem with economic and social development in China. 相似文献
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As part of an ethnographic study on young people and learning (the knowledge in motion across contexts of learning project, set in Norway), we interviewed a diverse sample of parents of young teenagers, many of whom were active in organized sports. The parents described their level of involvement in sport in a way that contrasted sharply to our own experiences participating in youth sports in the 1970s and 1980s. Back then most parents were absent from the sports fields. This new role of sports in the practice of parenthood is what we investigate in this study. The purpose is to further the understanding of the cultural processes that drive what we see as a marked generational change in the relationship between organized sports and the practice of parenthood. In contrast to previous studies, we also focus on the relationship between generational change and classed patterns in parenting. Our data suggest that across social classes, parents see involvement in sports as normal, and as a way to connect to the child emotionally and to further the child's development. We interpret the significance of sports in the parent–child relationship as related both to the normalization of youth sports that the parents experienced when they grew up, and to the new cultural ideas of parenthood that they encounter as adults. We find that there are tensions embedded in this new form of parenthood that are particularly evident in what we call ‘deep involvement’, an intensified form of parental engagement with youth sports that is practiced primarily by fathers in the economic fraction of the middle class. We conclude that the new role of sport in the practice of parenthood is a classed as well as a generational phenomenon. 相似文献
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Martin Lames 《Sportwissenschaft》2018,48(2):278-286
This study examines the impact of chance in football using the case of goal scoring. For this purpose, chance in goal scoring is defined as goals involving uncontrollable or not planned aspects. “Chance variables” were defined according to the principle of downward estimation, i.e. when one of these variables is involved this is an uncontrollable or not planned aspect of scoring a goal, although chance may also have an impact in instances other than those collected. Six “chance variables” were identified: deflection, rebound, goalkeeper involvement, post/bar hits, long distance shots, and defence involvement. In the 2011/2012 season, the 875 goals in German Bundesliga and the 1056 goals in English Premier League were examined for the presence of these variables. Of the goals examined, 47.0% showed at least one chance variable (deflection: 4.8%; rebound: 9.4%, goalkeeper: 2.5%; post/bar: 5.2%; distance: 13.1%, and defence: 22.5%). The two leagues differed significantly only in the sense of more goalkeeper interventions in the Bundesliga and more distance goals in the Premier League. The rate of chance-goals drops significantly with the number of prior goals in a match (χ2?=?17.59; p?=?0.004). In both leagues, there is no significant correlation between final ranking and the percentage of chance-goals scored or conceded. If one accepts the selected chance variables as indicators of uncontrollable or not planned aspects of scoring, the results of this study can be taken as empirical proof for the existence and widespread prevalence of chance involvement in goal scoring in football with many interesting consequences. 相似文献
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Home advantage is quantitatively defined and calculated for each season since the start of the main professional sports in North America and England. Over 400,000 games are analysed. The leagues represented are the National League (1876?–?2002) and American League (1901?–?2002) for baseball, the National Hockey League (1917?–?2003) for ice hockey, the National Football League (1933?–?2002) for American football, the National Basketball Association (1946?–?2003) for basketball, and the four levels of professional football, formerly called the Football League, in England (1888?–?2003). Problems caused by unbalanced playing schedules are considered. The results are presented graphically to show long-term trends and sudden changes. The highest levels of home advantage for all sports were in their early years of existence. Home advantage in ice hockey, basketball and football in England has declined over the last two decades. In baseball there has been very little change over the last 100 years, with home advantage consistently lower than in other sports. There was a large drop in home advantage in football in England following the 7-year suspension of the league during the Second World War. The trends and changes provide some evidence that travel and familiarity contribute to home advantage, but little in support of crowd effects. 相似文献
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AbstractThis paper selected two townships in China’s Lüliang, a city in the west of Shanxi province, as examples to examine sport participation during the urbanization process. The data were collected through 50 in-depth interviews during the summer of 2010. This research applied Elias’s figurational theory to discuss the findings. This research found that sport participation, as a way of life, was not a planned development. Rather it was interdependent, a consequence of other societal factors. 相似文献
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Participation trends in 100 m (161 km) ultramarathon running competitions in North America were examined from race results from 1977 through 2008. A total of 32, 352 finishes accounted for by 9815 unique individuals were identified. The annual number of races and number of finishes increased exponentially over the study period. This growth in number of finishes occurred through a combination of (1) an increase in participation among runners ≥40 years of age from less than 40% of the finishes prior to the mid-1980s to 65–70% of the finishes since 1996, (2) a growth (p < 0.0001) in participation among women from virtually none in the late 1970s to nearly 20% since 2004, and (3) an increase in the average annual number of races completed by each individual to 1.3. While there has been considerable growth in participation, the 161 km ultramarathon continues to attract a relatively small number of participants compared with running races of shorter distances. 相似文献
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AbstractThe physical culture of Chinese folk sports is embedded in religions and rituals that have been predominantly ruled by men. However, this situation has been changing as the forms and meanings of folk sports transform in modern China. Based on the literature and interviews, in this research, the Funeral Dance of the Tujia ethnic group was considered as a case to explore how gender roles in Tujia indigenous physical activity changed during the modernizing process. Given the transformation of Funeral Dance from an indigenous funeral ritual to a national fitness programme and public and commercial performances, Tujia women have gained social access, legal status, national identity, and value, allowing them to participate in the dance. Policy interventions, capitalist drive, and social progress constituted an integral force that has systematically challenged the engendered nature of Chinese folk sports. Nevertheless, in Tujia’s conceptual framework, there is an invisible curtain between the stage and backstage of Funeral Dance performances. In the ‘front’, the participation of women is fully encouraged; however, ‘backstage’, the gender taboo remains as a so-called sporting tradition. The inclusion of both genders in folk sports is an unavoidable tendency in China, though the gendered boundaries continue to impact on women’s participation. 相似文献
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were studied.T 《中国体育科技》2006,(2)
ugar was highest in Sweet-guangyuan;the second,in Sweet-luzi and the lowest,in Sweet-shazi.The content of vitamin C in Sweet-shazi was the highest,while Sweet-luzi was the lowest.The content of vitamin C and total sugar incre 相似文献
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在中国,有多少德国球迷我不知道,可有一点几乎是可以肯定的:但凡德国球迷一定就是巴拉克球迷。很难具体解析出这其中的种种因果关系,但让你不得不承认的是,在这个叫做米歇尔·巴拉克的男人身上,集结着德国人以及德国足球的全部品质。执着、骄傲、坚韧、顽强……再没有一支球队比德国队更配承受起如此鲜明的褒奖,也再没有一个球员比巴拉克更能代表球队的这种品质。正因为如此,当米歇尔在蛰伏了7个多月后重返赛场,即便是重返此前根本算不上成功的英超,谁又敢小瞧这个德国人的能量,一个代表了一国足球精神的球员,他可能不会很快爆发,却绝不会永远沉默! 相似文献
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《中国体育(中英文版)》2002,(9)
AtWangjingNewCityofBeijingsChaoyangDistrictliesavillagewhich,withfouroutof10familiesarefromSouthKorea,reportedlyaccommodates6,000to8,000SouthKoreans.SouthKoreanshavestartedmovingtoWangjingNewCitysince1999,whichisclosetotheBeijingInternationalAirportandinwhichthereisaninternationallanguageschool.Rentsareacceptablethere. 相似文献
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The Ecole Royale Militaire of Soreze (Royal Military School) was located in the French province of Languedoc. On the eve of the 1789 Revolution it was still a religious institution run by the Benedictine monks, known for having broken with certain traditional models. The establishment offered special forms of instruction, stressing certain scientific and literary disciplines, and also physical education (fencing, dancing, horse riding, and equestrianism). Pupils’ best results were also recorded in swimming. At the end of every school year, all the results were confirmed by public examinations, labelled Exercices publics, and recorded in the Cahiers d’exercices. These materials enable the reconstruction the evolution of the school’s programmes over a period of more than a century. The incalculable richness of Sorèze’s programmes, by distinguishing the elements already present in the military training of the period from the pedagogical innovations that were introduced, demonstrate the special place that was reserved for physical exercise. This Catholic institution was thus able to develop a total coherence of the scholarly programme, considered as a source of ‘Christian Patriotism’, in pre-Revolutionary France. 相似文献