共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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表型是研究"基因型-表型-环境"作用机制的重要桥梁,研发具有自主知识产权的作物表型监测平台对于加速育种进程和辅助精准农业监测具有重要意义。Crop 3D表型监测系统以水稻和玉米等主要粮食作物为研究对象,实现了多尺度、多时序作物全生育期的生长动态监测,为育种提供了重要数据支撑。文章首先综述了国内外关于表型平台的研究进展,进而介绍了Crop 3D系统平台的主要研究进展,最后对未来表型研究的方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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中国蛋白质组计划 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
“蛋白质组”指一种细胞、组织或完整的生物体所拥有的全套蛋白质
。基因组是生命体遗传信息的载体，蛋白质组是生命活动的执行体；蛋白质组学的特点是采
用高分辨率的蛋白质分离手段，结合高效率的蛋白质鉴定技术，全景式地研究在各种特定情
况下的蛋白质谱；每种疾病平均与10个左右基因相关，而每种基因可能又与3—10种蛋白质
相关，如果以人类主要的100—150种疾病进行计算，则应该有3 000—15 000种蛋白质具有
成为药靶的可能；我国的“疾病基因组学”研究已取得明显成就，在重大疾病的功能蛋白质
组学研究方面也起步良好，国家层面上对蛋白质组学的部署不容迟缓。 相似文献
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血管平滑肌细胞表型转化是VSMC增殖的关键性起始步骤,VSMC的异常增殖是导致动脉粥样硬化的重要因素,研究VSMC表型转化在动脉粥样硬化中的调控机制具有重要意义。就VSMC表型转化的特点、影响因素、转导通路及作用机制的研究进展作以综述。 相似文献
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于军 《科学对社会的影响》2014,4(4)
合成生物学家的理想是逐步实现对物种基因和基因组的功能性修饰,创造出对人类有益并对自然界无害的新生物。尽管分子水平的研究仅有60余年的历史,但有必要充分认识合成生物学的复杂性。鉴于此,任重而道远的合成生物学研究路线图应该包括多学科的底盘物种系统研究、细胞水平的功能元件解析与移植、新功能物种的安全性与功能优化、生产型功能物种的再选育、后期的跟踪技术和应用评价等。除了明确科学界的路线图外,社会伦理、道德和法律等领域的讨论及研究也至关重要,关注治理问题可以规避风险,避免社会利益群体的冲突,造成难解的"死结",使科学成果成为无法利用的"夹生饭"。 相似文献
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宏基因组研究的思想与技术推动了微生物组的兴起,积累了丰富的微生物基因组以及健康、动植物和环境相关的微生物宏基因组数据,形成了具备一定规模和影响力的数据库、标准化方法与分析工具。大多数平台聚焦于为项目或特定类型的微生物菌群提供数据支撑,难以满足更深入全面的微生物生物学研究需求。文章建议采用综合聚焦微生物分类单元总和的微生物系统组与聚焦特定生态位微生物种群总和的微生物组的思路,建设综合性的微生物组数据仓库,整合微生物分类、进化、生态以及相关"组学"数据与信息。在此基础上,进一步综合生命科学基础研究和系统合成生物学研究的数据,支撑经高水平质控的综合性参考数据库、标准化的拼接与注释以及一流的数据汇交、搜索分享、深度学习和分析挖掘方法的研究开发。由此,亦将进一步集成大型微生物组项目的元数据及数据,形成数据综合完整、管理安全高效,服务功能完备的微生物组大数据中心。 相似文献
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<正>他用了"四瓶化学物质"为他们的"人造细胞"制造了染色体(基因组),然后把这个基因组植入另一个修改过的细菌细胞中,这个由合成基因组控制的细胞具有自行复制的能力——这就是人类成功制造的第一个"合成"生命,取名为"辛西娅"。肯定者说,这项技术或可用来制造特定的藻类,以净化导致气候暖化的二氧化碳,也可能为炼油厂生产新的碳氢化合物清洁能源。该技术有助于加速疫苗生产,以及制造新食材和化学物质。否定者担忧,这是取代"上帝"制造生命,违反自然规律。核心技术一旦被恐怖分子掌握,有可能创造出杀伤力巨大的超级生物武器,给人类带来毁灭性灾难。而他对这喧嚣的争论充耳不闻,一头扎进自己的实验室,继续自己的研究工作 相似文献
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George Church receives the 2011 Bower Award and Prize for Achievement in Science for innovative and creative contributions to genomic science, including the development of DNA sequencing technologies, and for his subsequent efforts to promote personal genomics and synthetic biology. 相似文献
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Xiaowei Xie Mengyao Liu Yawen Zhang Bingrui Wang Caiying Zhu Chenchen Wang Qing Li Yingying Huo Jiaojiao Guo Changlu Xu Linping Hu Aiming Pang Shihui Ma Lina Wang Wenbin Cao Shulian Chen Qiuling Li Sudong Zhang Xueying Zhao Wen Zhou Hongbo Luo Guoguang Zheng Erlie Jiang Sizhou Feng Lixiang Chen Lihong Shi Hui Cheng Sha Hao Ping Zhu Tao Cheng 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2021,8(3)
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Buschke DG Resto P Schumacher N Cox B Tallavajhula A Vivekanandan A Eliceiri KW Williams JC Ogle BM 《Biomicrofluidics》2012,6(1):14116-1411611
Increasingly, invitro culture of adherent cell types utilizes three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds or aggregate culture strategies to mimic tissue-like, microenvironmental conditions. In parallel, new flow cytometry-based technologies are emerging to accurately analyze the composition and function of these microtissues (i.e., large particles) in a non-invasive and high-throughput way. Lacking, however, is an accessible platform that can be used to effectively sort or purify large particles based on analysis parameters. Here we describe a microfluidic-based, electromechanical approach to sort large particles. Specifically, sheath-less asymmetric curving channels were employed to separate and hydrodynamically focus particles to be analyzed and subsequently sorted. This design was developed and characterized based on wall shear stress, tortuosity of the flow path, vorticity of the fluid in the channel, sorting efficiency and enrichment ratio. The large particle sorting device was capable of purifying fluorescently labelled embryoid bodies (EBs) from unlabelled EBs with an efficiency of 87.3% ± 13.5%, and enrichment ratio of 12.2 ± 8.4 (n = 8), while preserving cell viability, differentiation potential, and long-term function. 相似文献
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Dongxu He Aiqin Mao Chang-Bo Zheng Hao Kan Ka Zhang Zhiming Zhang Lei Feng Xin Ma 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(5):881
The aorta, with ascending, arch, thoracic and abdominal segments, responds to the heartbeat, senses metabolites and distributes blood to all parts of the body. However, the heterogeneity across aortic segments and how metabolic pathologies change it are not known. Here, a total of 216 612 individual cells from the ascending aorta, aortic arch, and thoracic and abdominal segments of mouse aortas under normal conditions or with high blood glucose levels, high dietary salt, or high fat intake were profiled using single-cell RNA sequencing. We generated a compendium of 10 distinct cell types, mainly endothelial (EC), smooth muscle (SMC), stromal and immune cells. The distributions of the different cells and their intercommunication were influenced by the hemodynamic microenvironment across anatomical segments, and the spatial heterogeneity of ECs and SMCs may contribute to differential vascular dilation and constriction that were measured by wire myography. Importantly, the composition of aortic cells, their gene expression profiles and their regulatory intercellular networks broadly changed in response to high fat/salt/glucose conditions. Notably, the abdominal aorta showed the most dramatic changes in cellular composition, particularly involving ECs, fibroblasts and myeloid cells with cardiovascular risk factor-related regulons and gene expression networks. Our study elucidates the nature and range of aortic cell diversity, with implications for the treatment of metabolic pathologies. 相似文献
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P. F. O'Neill A. Ben Azouz M. Vázquez J. Liu S. Marczak Z. Slouka H. C. Chang D. Diamond D. Brabazon 《Biomicrofluidics》2014,8(5)
The capability of 3D printing technologies for direct production of complex 3D structures in a single step has recently attracted an ever increasing interest within the field of microfluidics. Recently, ultrafast lasers have also allowed developing new methods for production of internal microfluidic channels within the bulk of glass and polymer materials by direct internal 3D laser writing. This review critically summarizes the latest advances in the production of microfluidic 3D structures by using 3D printing technologies and direct internal 3D laser writing fabrication methods. Current applications of these rapid prototyped microfluidic platforms in biology will be also discussed. These include imaging of cells and living organisms, electrochemical detection of viruses and neurotransmitters, and studies in drug transport and induced-release of adenosine triphosphate from erythrocytes. 相似文献
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Acoustic micromanipulation technologies are a set of versatile tools enabling unparalleled micromanipulation capabilities. Several characteristics put the acoustic micromanipulation technologies ahead of most of the other tweezing methods. For example, acoustic tweezers can be adapted as non-invasive platforms to handle single cells gently or as probes to stimulate or damage tissues. Besides, the nature of the interactions of acoustic waves with solids and liquids eliminates labeling requirements. Considering the importance of highly functional tools in biomedical research for empowering important discoveries, acoustic micromanipulation can be valuable for researchers in biology and medicine. Herein, we discuss the potential of acoustic micromanipulation technologies from technical and application points of view in biomedical research. 相似文献
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《Endeavour》2022,46(4):100845
Synthetic biology is often seen as the engineering turn in biology. Philosophically speaking, entities created by synthetic biology, from synthetic cells to xenobots, challenge the ontological divide between the organic and inorganic, as well as between the natural and the artificial. Entities such as synthetic cells can be seen as hybrid or transitory objects, or neo–things. However, what has remained philosophically underexplored so far is the impact these hybrid neo–things will have on (our phenomenological experience of) the living world. By extrapolating from Walter Benjamin’s account of how technological reproducibility affects the aura of art, we embark upon an exploratory inquiry that seeks to fathom how the technological reproducibility of life itself may influence our experience and understanding of the living. We conclude that, much as technologies that enabled reproduction corroded the aura of original artworks (as Benjamin argued), so too will the aura of life be under siege in the era of synthetic lifeforms. This article zooms in on a specific case study, namely the research project Building a Synthetic Cell (BaSyC) and its mission to create a synthetic cell–like entity, as autonomous as possible, focusing on the properties that differentiate organic from synthetic cells. 相似文献