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1.
Subcutaneous administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG), to normal adult male mice, for six consecutive days at dose levels
of 4 and 8 mg/g body weight, significantly increased the level of free radical initiating enzyme, xanthine oxidase, whereas
the activity of free radical scavenging enzymes, like catalase and superoxide dismutase was significantly decreased in hepatic
tissue. These observations suggested that ingestion of MSG at dose level of 4 mg/g body weight and above, induced oxidative
stress in the hepatic tissue of adult male mice. 相似文献
2.
Biswajit Majumdar Susri Ray Chaudhuri Arun Ray Sandip K Bandyopadhyay 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2002,17(1):49-57
Pretreatment of an ethanolic extract of leaf ofPiper betle linn at a dose of 200mg/kg body weight, orally administered to rats for ten consecutive days, was found to possess a significant
protective action against gastric lesions induced by indomethacin. The extract pretreatment resulted in significant increase
in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, increase in mucus, hexosamine and total thiol group content, but
marked reduction in oxidatively damaged protein and peroxidised lipid levels as compared to untreated ulcerated control. The
extract was also found to possess both superoxide and hydroxyl free radical scavenging action. The present observations establish
the efficacy of the extract in prevention of experimentally induced peptic ulcer by indomethacin and antioxidant property
appears to be predominantly responsible for such cytoprotective activity in the experimental model. 相似文献
3.
Damodara Reddy V Padmavathi P Gopi S Paramahamsa M Varadacharyulu NCh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2010,25(4):419-424
The effect of Emblica officinalis fruit extract (EFE) against alcohol-induced hepatic damage in rats was investigated in the present study. In vitro studies showed that EFE possesses antioxidant as well nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity. In vivo administration of alcohol (5 g/kg b.wt/day) for 60 days resulted increased liver lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls, nitrite plus nitrate levels. Alcohol administration also significantly lowers the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase and reduced glutathione as compared with control rats. Administration of EFE (250 mg/kg body weight) to alcoholic rats significantly brought the plasma enzymes towards near normal level and also significantly reduced the levels of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls and restored the enzymic and non-enzymatic antioxidants level. This observation was supplemented by histopathological examination in liver. Our data indicate that the tannoid, flavonoid and NO scavenging compounds present in EFE may offer protection against free radical mediated oxidative stress in rat hepatocytes of animals with alcohol-induced liver injury. 相似文献
4.
Arun Ray Susri Ray Chaudhuri Biswajit Majumdar Sandip K. Bandyopadhyay 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2002,17(2):44-51
Oral administration of ethanol extract of the rhizome ofPirorhiza kurroa at a dose of 20mg/kg body weight, for 10 consecutive days, was found to enhance the rate of healing on Indomethacin-induced
gastric ulcer in rats, compared to the ulcerated group without treatment. The level of peroxidised lipid, in terms of thiobarbituric
acid reactive species (TBARS), in gastric tissue, was increased in ulcerated rats which was restored to near normalcy on treatment
with ethanol extract. The specific activity ofin vivo antioxidant enzymes, viz SOD and catalase and total tissue sulfhydryl (thiol) group, which were markedly decreased in ulcerated
group, were found to be significantly elevated (p<0.05), on treatment with the above extract, at the specified dose, compared
to the indomethacin—induced ulcerated group without any supporting treatment. The present study thus suggests that the ethanol
extract of rhizome ofPicrorhiza kurroa, at the dose of 20mg/kg body weight, accelerated the healing of stomach wall of indomethacin induced gastric ulcerated rats
by anin vivo free radical scavenging action. 相似文献
5.
J. O. Olanlokun 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(1):62-66
The effect of oral administration of vitamin E for twenty-eight consecutive days on blood glucose, reduced glutathione levels,
antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase activities), and levels of malondialdehyde (as an index of free radical-mediated
lipid peroxidation) was observed in the whole blood and liver of normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. It was found that
oral administration of vitamin E significantly (p<0.05) lowered the blood glucose level and increased the body weight of the
diabetic rats. The activities of superoxide dismutase and levels of reduced glutathione increased significantly (p<0.05) while
the level of lipid peroxidation decreased. 相似文献
6.
Cisplatin mediated nephrotoxicity is remarkably documented by reactive oxygen species. Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide and has a scavenging property. The aim of present study was to assess the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in association with oxidative stress in cisplatin -treated and 10 subsequent doses of carnosine-pretreated rats. 24 male Albino Wistar rats, were randomly divided into four groups (n=6). Group I remains untreated; Group II received Cisplatin (3 mg / kg) for 5 alternate days; Group III received Carnosine (10 mg / kg) for consecutive 10 days; Group IV received Carnosine (10 mg / kg) before administration of Cisplatin (3 mg / kg). The effects of carnosine on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity were evaluated by plasma creatinine, urea, malondialdehyde, nitrate; kidney tissue malondialdehyde, 4-HNE, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. Cisplatin-induced oxidative stress was indicated by increased level of tissue MDA, 4-HNE and decreased level of tissue GSH, SOD and Catalase. Marked elevation of kidney weight and reduced body weight and pathological changes in kidney tissues were also observed in Cisplatin-treated rats. Carnosine reduced these pathological changes and counteracted the deleterious effects of cisplatin. The results divulge the beneficial effect of Carnosine pretreatment with cisplatin in experimental rat model. 相似文献
7.
Vivek K. Dwivedi Mahesh Chandra P. C. Misra M. K. Misra 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(1):21-25
Effect of administration of 600 mg. vitamin E each day, for six days, was observed on activity of some of the anti-oxidant
enzymes and levels of malondialdehyde (as an index of free radical mediated damage) in the platelets of patients reperfused
after myocardial infarction. It has been found that vitamin E administration significantly lowers the level of malondialdehyde
in the patients. Vitamin E administration increases the activities of anti oxidant enzymes (viz. superoxide dismutase, glutathione
reductase and catalase) tested both in the patients and healthy controls. Vitamin E administration causes general stimulation
of anti-oxidant enzyme activities both in healthy persons and the patients, however, lowering of lipid per-oxidation upon
administration of vitamin E is specific for patients. These findings exhibit beneficial role of vitamin E administration in
the management of the patients reperfused after myocardial infarction. 相似文献
8.
Shivkumar Chauhan Nirmalendu Nath Vinay Tule 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(3):238-242
Picrorhiza kurrooa is mentioned in Ayurveda for the treatment of many disorders, but it has not been subjected to systematic
scientific investigations to assess its antidiabetic effect. The oral administration of aqueous and methanol extracts of P.
kurrooa rhizomes (250 and 500 mg / kg body weight / day) for 15 days significantly reduced blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin
and increased total hemoglobin, plasma insulin in alloxan-induced diabetes in albino rats. The treatment also showed significant
correction in the level of nitric oxide radicals, superoxide radicals, peroxynitrite radical, lipid peroxidation, glutathione,
glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the pancreas
of alloxan diabetic rats. 相似文献
9.
Rashmi Raghuvanshi M. Chandra P. C. Misra M. K. Misra 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(1):26-29
Platelets play important role in precipitating ischaemic myocardial syndromes in many ways. One of the consequences of ischaemic
diseases is excessive generation of oxygen derived free radicals that have numerous pathophysiological consequences. Platelet
pro-oxidant enzyme, xanthine oxidase is one of the sources of generation of free radicals. In the present paper, we report
the effect of administration of vitamin E along with aspirin on the levels of platelet xanthine oxidase and extent of free
radical mediated damage in the patients reperfused after myocardial infarction.
Our findings show that administration of 400 mg. vitamin E for six days along with 80 mg. aspirin has an excellent anti-oxidant
effect as evidenced by reduced platelet xanthine oxidase activity and lowering of malondialdehdye (MDA) levels which is an
index of the extent of free radical mediated damage. 相似文献
10.
N. Pattanaik Ajita V Singh R. S. Pandey B. S. Singh Mohan Kumar S. K. Dixit Yamini B. Tripathi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(2):181-189
Free radicals are implicated in various chronic diseases. There has always been a search for new antioxidants. In this paper
we have investigated Tamra bhasma, a metallic ayurvedic preparation. It is a time-tested medicine in Ayurveda and is in clinical
use for various ailments specifically the free radical mediated diseases. Our results show that Tamra bhasma inhibits lipid
peroxidation (LPO), prevents the rate of aerial oxidation of reduced glutathione (GSH) content and induces the activity of
superoxide dismutase (SOD) in rat liver homogenate in the bi-phasic manner. The drug was orally given for 7, 15 and 30 days
in different doses. Best protective response was found at the dose of 0.5mg/100g body weight in albino rats, although it showed
some histopathological changes at the dose of 20mg/100g body weight. The results suggest that this Ayurvedic preparation is
not merely a source of copper metal, but it is a strong anti-oxidant with no detectable adverse effect in lower doses of therapeutic
range. 相似文献
11.
K. K. Reddy T. P. K. Reddy B. V. Somasekharaiah K. Soorya Kumarl 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1998,13(1):20-26
Multiple mechanisms underlie the human aging process, but interest continues in the role that free radicals and antioxidants
may play. The concentrations of lymphocyte free radical generation (O2
−& H2O2), DNA damage and antioxidant enzyme levels (glutathione Stransferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase) were evaluated in
110 healthy individuals with an age range of 20–80 years. The antioxidant enzyme levels were significantly less in very old
age when compared to young. Moreover, the levels of free radical concentration and DNA damage were increased in the same age
group with respect to younger group. Cigarette smoking had a positive relation with free radicals and DNA damage, and inverse
relation with antioxidants. On the other hand, body mass was found to have positive relation with free radical generation
only. The data indicate that depletion of antioxidant enzyme levels would render the older people more susceptible to free
radical stress and DNA damage. 相似文献
12.
In this study antioxidant activity of methanol extract of rhizomes ofCurculigo orchioides (MEC) was investigated using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-intoxicated rat liver as the experimental model. The hepatotoxic rats were administered MEC for 90 days (daily, orally at
the dose of 70 mg per kg body weight). Lipid peroxidation (LPO) in CCl4-intoxicated rats was evidenced by a marked increment in the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and
diene conjugates (CD), and also a distinct diminution in glutathione (GSH) content in the liver. In CCl4+MEC—treated rats these biochemical parameters attained an almost normal level. The decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes,
such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase (GRD) in CCl4—intoxicated rats, and its retrieval towards near normalcy in CCl4+MEC—administered rats revealed the efficacy of MEC in combating oxidative stress due to hepatic damage. Elevated level of
glutathione transferase(GTS) observed in hepatotoxic rats too showed signs of retuming towards normalcy in MEC co-administered
animals, thus corroborating the antioxidant efficacy of MEC. The findings provide a rationale for further studies on isolation
of active principles and its pharmacological evaluation. 相似文献
13.
Vanishree Bambrana C. D. Dayanand Pushpa Kotur 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2017,32(2):171-178
Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder involves altered homeostasis of oxidants–antioxidants, inflammatory process and endothelial dysfunction. The present study aim was to determine the levels of oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, ischemia modified albumin and xanthine oxidase), nutrient antioxidants (vitamin C and vitamin E), enzyme antioxidants (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase glutathione reductase), total antioxidant status (TAS) and its association with nitric oxide. The study population consists of three groups, non pregnants (Group 1, n = 57), normotensive pregnants (Group 2, n = 57) and Preeclampsia (Group 3, n = 57). Group 2 and 3 were followed after delivery within 48 h. In preeclampsia xanthine oxidase, malondialdehyde and uric acid levels were significantly increased (p < 0.001), while TAS decreased (p < 0.05) when compared to normotensive pregnant and non pregnant. Catalase, glutathione reductase levels were increased (p < 0.005) and vitamin E, super oxide dismutase levels were decreased (p < 0.001) in preeclampsia when compared to normal pregnants. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis showed area under curve for xanthine oxidase (0.8), malondialdehyde (0.804), Uric acid (0.84), ischemia modified albumin (0.92) and catalase (0.88) which indicated as good markers in preeclampsia. Amongst, ischemia modified albumin is a better marker of intrauterine hypoxic reperfusion risk with sensitivity 87.7 % and specificity 91.2 %. The increased hydrogen peroxide from xanthine oxidase adds to oxidative stress and increased catalase activity in preeclampsia represents combating action. Increased oxidative stress, decreased TAS and its apparent reversible changes evinced within 48 h after delivery in preeclampsia illustrated that placental abnormality is the contributing factor in the pathogenesis. 相似文献
14.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are believed to be responsible for pathogenesis of various diseases affecting tissues and systems.
ROS generated by mitochondrial electron transport chain as well as extra-mitochondrially are eliminated by the respective
defense mechanisms. We checked the activity of ROS generating system such as xanthine oxidase and also the parameter of ROS
defense mechanism e.g. superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPox), reduced glutathione content (GSH)
and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) in mitochondrial and post-mitochondrial fractions from various tissues (liver,
kidney, brain and heart) of normal rats. Extent of lipid peroxidation (LPO) which is immediate consequence of ROS generation
was also examined. Our results shows that significant tissue-specific differences exist in mitochondrial and cytosolic ROS
generating systems and ROS defense mechanisms. 相似文献
15.
M Maneesh H Jayalekshmi Sanjiba Dutta Amit Chakrabarti D M Vasudevan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(2):62-67
The study was undertaken to evaluate the possible involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of ethanol induced testicular
atrophy in rats. Adult male rats were orally administered ethanol at a dose of 1.6 g/kg body weight/day for four weeks. Twenty-four
hours after the last treatment the rats were sacrificed using anesthetic ether. Testes were removed and weighed. Apoptosis
was studied by using the Feulgen reaction on 5 μ thin paraffin sections of testis. Testicular homogenate was prepared and
centrifuged. The supernatant was used for the estimation of extent of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense status. There
was significant reduction in body weight: and in testicular weight and diameter in ethanol treated rats. Extent of germ cell
apoptosis was significantly high in ethanol treated rats. Ethanol treated rats showed significantly high tissue TBARS level
and glutathione S-transferase activity; and low tissue ascorbic acid, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase,
glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities. Chronic ethanol administration resulted in high oxidative stress
in the testes either due to increased extent of lipid peroxidation or due to decreased antioxidant defenses, and thereby induces
germ cell apoptosis leading to testicular atrophy. 相似文献
16.
Mohammad Muzaffar Mir Abdul Rashid Khan Nazir Ahmad Dar Mohammad Salahuddin 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(1):184-192
Alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor activity was studied in presence of resting and activated polymorphonuclear leucocytes. Four
different agonists; phorbol myristic acetate, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, opsonised zymosan and arachidonic acid
decreased the inhibitor activity by 23.3%, 20%, 12% and 16.6^ respectively. The inhibitor activity was protected by using
various free radical scavengers. Catalase and superoxide dismutase both restored activity by about 18%, mannitol by 13% and
sodium azide by 17.3%. The inhibitor activity was also protected significantly by pretreatment of polymorphs with L-Arg, a
precursor of nitric oxide, before activation. L-Arg was also observed to suppress the generation of superoxide and hydroxyl
radical appreciably. The nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, aminoguanidine drastically inhibited the nitrite release and reversed
the protection offered by L-Arg to the inhibitor activity. Our results indicate a multifactorial nature of the inactivation
process, the culprit species being superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical and hypohalides. Nitric oxide seems to
scavenge the superoxide radical directly after its formation rather than inhibiting its generation by NADPH oxidase as was
believed earlier. 相似文献
17.
Manish K. Singh Shailendra Dwivedi Suraj S. Yadav Praveen Sharma Sanjay Khattri 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2014,29(1):29-37
Arsenic a metalloid and environmental contaminated has been found to be associated with public health problems in the affected areas. It is naturally occurred in groundwater and its accumulation in plant and animals leads to toxicity in several tissues most notably hepatic organ. Arsenic exposures (3 mg/kg body weight/day for 30 days) in mice exhibited increased arsenic and Zn levels in hepatocytes associated with enhanced oxidative stress in hepatocytes while there were no significantly changes were observed in Cu level. An increase in the lipid peroxidation and decrease in the levels of reduced glutathione and activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were observed in arsenic treated mice as compared to controls. Arsenic exposure in mice also caused a significant change in serum biomarkers in the SGOT, SGPT and creatinine as compared to the controls. There were no significant changes in the serum levels of total protein in these mice. Co-administration of arsenic and fruit extract of amla (500 mg/kg body weight/day for 30 days) caused a significant reduction of arsenic transference associated with significantly decreases hepatic arsenic levels and balanced the antioxidant enzyme and levels of serum hepatic enzymes like SGOT and SGPT. The results of the present study clearly demonstrate the antioxidant property of amla that could be responsible for its protective efficacy in arsenic induced hepatic toxicity. 相似文献
18.
In view of several reports that there is a lack of balance in free radicals in case of bronchial asthma (1) the effect of
free radicals on cell membrane was studied by estimating the membrane bound protein Na+, K+-ATPase activity and the intracellular sodium level in patients of bronchial asthma before and after a short course (one week)
of oral corticosteroid (prednisolone 0.75–1mg/kg body weight) therapy. Results showed that there is a definite statistically
significant rise in free radical level and intracellular sodium level and a significant lowering of Na+, K+-ATPase activity in case of untreated bronchial asthma. After short course of therapy with oral corticosteroids, the free
radical level and intracellular sodium level decreased significantly, together with a significant rise of the Na+, K+-ATPase activity. Also, a significant negative correlation (r=−0.74) between the lipid peroxide level and the Na+,-K+-ATPase activity was found in these cases. 相似文献
19.
Rukmini M. S. Benedicta D'Souza Vivian D'Souza 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2004,19(2):114-118
Free radical mediated pathological processes may have a role in schizophrenia. Free radicals (oxy radicals, such as superoxide,
hydroxyl ions and nitric oxide) cause cell injury, when they are generated in excess or when the antioxidant defense is impaired.
Both these processes seem to be affected in schizophrenia. In this study we investigated erythrocyte superoxide dismutase
(SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities as antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde (MDA) as a sign of lipid peroxidation in schizophrenic
patients. Activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and malondialdehyde were greater in patients compared with the control
group which may reflect increased oxidative stress in the brain tissue of schizophrenics. In the patient group erythrocyte
SOD and CAT activities were weakly negative correlated with MDA concentration. These data reveal that antioxidant defense
mechanisms might be impaired in schizophrenic patients. These findings also provide a theoretical basis for the development
of novel therapeutic strategies, such as antioxidant supplementation. 相似文献
20.
Mohamed Ahmed Abdelmoaty M. A. Ibrahim N. S. Ahmed M. A. Abdelaziz 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2010,25(2):188-192
Quercetin (QE), one of natural flavanoid group, was widely distributed as a secondary metabolite in plant kingdom. It has
been believed that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM). The aim of the present study
was the evaluation of possible effects of QE on blood glucose and antioxidant enzymes in experimental streptozotocin (STZ)-induced
diabetes in rats. STZ was injected intraperitoneally with single dose of 50 mg/kg for diabetes induction. QE (15 mg/kg bw
day, intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection) was injected for 3 days prior to STZ administration; these injections were continued
to the end of the study (for 25 days). Glucose tolerance test and random plasma glucose were done for all animals. Cellular
antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were
measured in pancreatic homogenates. Quercetin had no effect on plasma glucose level of normal animals but its pre- treatment
was able to prevent diabetes induced by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozocintreated rats. Antioxidant enzyme activity
significantly decreased in STZ induced diabetic group. QE treatment significantly increased the antioxidant enzyme activities.
It could be concluded that quercetin, a flavonoid with antioxidant properties, exerting its beneficial antidiabetic effects. 相似文献