共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
2.
对大脑的认知是人类认识自然和自身的终极挑战,脑科学研究的核心是理解脑功能的结构及物质基础。中科院在2012年启动了战略性先导科技专项(B类)"脑功能联结图谱计划"(Mapping Brain Functional Connections;简称:脑联接图谱;MBFC,2012—2020),目标是对特定脑功能的神经联结通路和网络结构的解析及模拟。专项代表了脑科学研究的战略制高点,对揭示脑的工作原理、推动智能科学技术进步、增进人类身心健康等方面都具有十分重要的意义。专项设立以来,在感知觉神经环路发育和功能、视觉与本能恐惧行为的神经环路机制、情绪的神经环路编码机制、成瘾和抑郁症等脑疾病机理、意识的神经基础、基因编译技术及脑疾病的非人灵长类模型、神经元分类和功能分析技术及其应用、神经环路双色钙成像方法、神经环路结构与功能研究工具开发、深度神经网络芯片研制,以及资源库与平台建设等方面取得了一系列重要的科学发现和技术研发进展。我们将进一步按照专项十年规划,开展脑认知科学、类脑人工智能技术、脑疾病早期诊断及干预3个前沿领域的科学研究,以及相关新技术研发和脑科技资源库建设,发挥中科院在脑与认知基础研究和技术研发等领域的引领作用。 相似文献
3.
4.
脑疾病是我国乃至全球人口健康领域正面临的重大挑战。尽快部署脑疾病研究的中长期战略具有重大意义,将显著提升我国在该领域的国际竞争力,促进相关学科的发展以及新技术和新治疗途径的开发,实现脑疾病的精准医疗。脑疾病的研究正在从分子细胞机理、介观网络机制、生物标记物与分子分型、影像诊断和治疗策略研发等多个层面推进,其中介观网络研究是当前脑科学研究的新焦点,将填补分子细胞机理和宏观疾病症状之间的鸿沟。基于脑疾病的复杂性,非人灵长类动物可能是研究人类脑疾病的最优模型,我国在该领域具有明显优势;而脑疾病的早期诊断和早期干预是脑疾病治疗的关键,我国有丰富的临床资源库,亟需建立国际规范化、全国统一化的采样、处理、分析标准和共享的规则。此外,单细胞和单分子技术是微观研究的新趋势,也是精准医疗的关键技术,在解析复杂脑疾病机理方面具有重要的价值。 相似文献
5.
人类起源与中华民族的形成 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
一、灵长类动物与人类灵长类在分类学上称为灵长目。这个目是生物中进化程度最高的一个目,它包括原猴类、猴类、猿类和人类,如果用分类学方法细分的话,可以分得非常详细,计有18个科161属,其中已绝灭7个科99属,现生者有11科62属222个种。由于高度进化,人类摆脱了自然界的控制,反过来用自己的智慧去利用和改造自然界。故称为智慧生物。因此在灵长类学研究中把灵长类区分为人类和灵长类动物,灵长类动物统称为非人灵长类。灵长类学研究内容非常广泛,现存种类统称为现生灵长类,古代已绝灭的种类称为古灵长类,又称化石灵长类。研究人类本身的科学… 相似文献
6.
代解杰,工作于中国医学科学院、北京协和医学院医学生物学研究所,三级教授、博士生导师,主要从事实验动物饲养管理与标准化研究、人类疾病动物模型创建与应用研究。全国优秀科技工作者,云南省中青年学术技术带头人,云南省有突出贡献的优秀专业人员,中国实验动物学会常务理事,中国灵长类专业委员会主任委员,云南省实验动物产业技术创新战略联盟常务副理事长,《中国实验动物学报》《中国比较医学杂志》副主编。他是我国实验动物学研究领域的知名专家,致力于推动树鼩实验动物化与应用。 相似文献
7.
8.
2001年11月，我们的学习记忆实验室，曾在国际上首次向人们讲述了果蝇面对矛盾的视觉线索时如何作出两难抉择的故事，它告诉人们，基于脑内的“价值系统”的抉择行为，也许不应被看作是人类或非人灵长类的“专利”。 相似文献
9.
现代脑成像技术为我们开启了从未有过的机遇:科学家可以在0.5秒和3毫米的时空精度上观测活体人类大脑的全脑功能活动。这再一次唤起人们全面解读长期以来的神秘话题——"心脑关联"(Brain-Mind Association:BMA)的兴趣。近20年来静息态功能磁共振成像技术迅速发展,该话题已被初步探索并在心脑关联和脑功能发育研究方面取得了一些进展。本文概要介绍这些进展和与之密切相关的人脑功能连接组研究框架,类比人类全基因组关联方法,指出人脑功能连接组关联方法是深入研究脑功能与各种心理行为特质或疾病之间关系的关键方法学框架之一,阐述其目前面临的主要困难、解决方向和思路。人类全功能连接组关联研究需要世界各国科学家的联合并大力提倡发现科学和开放式科学文化。中国目前在一些方法学研究领域获得了良好的声誉,未来研究中各科研院所(特别是中科院)应加大力度培养多学科交叉人才,为人类心脑关联研究标准的制定和最终应用做出贡献。 相似文献
10.
常见的人白化病作为一种隐性遗传病 ,目前还没有治愈的办法。虽然白化病没有象癌症一样的致死性危害 ,但也给患者带来了生活上的不便和持续性的痛苦。由于对这类遗传病病理等方面的研究难以在人体上直接进行 ,有关药物的开发也需要在恰当的实验动物身上进行临床前实验 ,因此寻找白化病的动物模型 ,尤其是灵长目动物模型 ,对攻克人类白化病无疑具有重要的意义。同时 ,一些珍稀的白化动物具有很高的观赏价值 ,深受人们的欢迎 ,研究这类动物的白化基因 ,对其繁育工作也有指导作用。自 80年代起 ,我所白寿昌先生等对猕猴白化现象进行了深入的研… 相似文献
11.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
12.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
13.
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way - at least in theory - to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms' spin states 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):23-23
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）. 相似文献
14.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3):212-213
<正>In February 2014,the 30th Chinese Antarctic inland expedition team reported that they have successfully conducted the seeing measurement at the Antarctic Taishan Station using a Differential Image Motion Monitor(DIMM)developed by the Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optic and Technology(NIAOT),Chinese Academy of Sciences.In astronomy,seeing is a physical parameter that describes the irregular movement and blur of the star 相似文献
15.
XIN Ling 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(4):270-271
Amassive overhaul is coming to the Chinese Academy of Sciences （CAS）. To straighten its ＂fragmented, inefficient research＂, the academy has decided to restructure its 104 institutes for better teamwork. 相似文献
16.
SONG Jianlan 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(4)
<正>DNA demethylation in mammalian zygotes,a biochemical process through which the parental genomes let go the epigenetic marks from their"past lives"to obtain totipotency,has long fascinated biologists:how does it happen?A joint team at the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences tells a surprising story. 相似文献
17.
China is one of the fastest growing economies worldwide. Are science and research also in the fast lane? We talked with LUO Yuan, scientist at the Institute of Coal Chemistry in Shanxi, and Axel Mosig, Professor at Ruhr University in Bochum, who has first-hand experience working and living in China. 相似文献
18.
Joachim Trümper 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(2):201-201
<正>"In 1979 two Chinese scientists joined our institute in the framework of the historical CAS-MPG agreement.This marked the beginning of a longstanding fruitful collaboration.Many visitors followed and contributed to our scientific programs.–My first visit to China took place in 1981–with stays at CAS institutes in Bejing,Nanjing,Shanghai and Kunming,where I received unforgettable impressions of 相似文献
19.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>May 15,2014Publicly funded scientific research is an important means for the society to create knowledge,support innovation,and promote growth.Research articles from such research are knowledge resources to be shared by all.Their open access will facilitate the dissemination and utilization of knowledge,turn the knowledge produced by public investment effectively into innovation and development capabilities of the society,ensure that public knowledge benefi ts all,and strengthen the innovation driven development strategy.Therefore,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)issues at the present stage the following open access policy for articles from publicly funded scientifi c research projects:CAS requires its researchers and graduate students to 相似文献
20.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>Between February and March of 2013,the source of avian-origin H7N9 human infection was discovered in Shanghai and Anhui,China.Prior to this,H7N9 has only exhibited characteristics of a low pathogenic avian infl uenza virus,carried by chickens with no known cross-species transmission.By the end of August 2013,Chinese mainland reported a total of 134 confi rmed cases of H7N9 human infections across12 provinces and 42 cities,resulting in 45 deaths.In October and November,Zhejiang Province found three new cases and Guangdong found one case of human infection,suggesting the possibility of a comeback in the fall and winter seasons.Researchers led by Prof.GAO Fu(George Fu Gao)at the Institute of Microbiology,CAS and Beijing Institutes of Life Science,have made progress on understanding 相似文献