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1.
Fernando E. García-Muiña Eva Pelechano-Barahona José E. Navas-López 《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2009,20(2):131-144
The current study analyzes the processes involved in obtaining technological innovations. Conclusive results are lacking in the literature, so this work defines and empirically tests a model of the relations between the firm's innovative capacity and the different ways of accumulating knowledge and the decision whether or not to codify it. Also, the model takes into account whether the innovations obtained are radical or incremental.The empirical study uses a sample of Spanish biotechnology firms, and the results show that accumulating knowledge using internal sources and not codifying it significantly improves the firm's capacity to develop radical innovations. The results also show that knowledge codification speeds up the development of incremental innovations. The relation between incremental innovations and the sources of knowledge is not so clear, although the results suggest the possible existence of a nonlinear relation between the two variables. 相似文献
2.
Innovation researchers have begun to look beyond how users develop tangible objects or product innovations and moved to investigate the existence and impact of intangible user-developed innovations in techniques and services in the household sector . In this paper, to incorporate technique and service innovations and other varieties of intangible innovations not yet described in the literature into an efficient and encompassing typology, we propose the new concept of intangible Behavioral Innovation as an overarching category that stands in contrast to tangible product innovation. Behavioral innovation is defined as consisting of one or a connected sequence of intangible problem-solving activities that provide a functionally novel benefit to its user developer relative to previous practice. We demonstrate in a pilot study using a relatively novel big data-gathering and semantic analysis approach that behavioral innovation exists and can be identified in user-generated content posted openly online in peer-to-peer discussion forums relating to household sector activities such as parenting. The preponderance (N = 138) of the 168 user innovations captured in our samples of discussion comments were intangible behavioral innovations, most of which were developed by women. The majority of behavioral innovations identified were diffused by their user developers in response to specific requests for help or advice from peers in their online community. Thus, incorporating the new concept of intangible behavioral innovation into studies of user innovation's scope and significance in the household sector can serve to clarify which users innovate in our communities of interest, what and how they innovate, why they are triggered to diffuse their innovations peer-to-peer, and how their innovative activities might impact social welfare. 相似文献
3.
To innovate, firms often need to draw from, and collaborate with, a large number of actors from outside their organization. At the same time, firms need also to be focused on capturing the returns from their innovative ideas. This gives rise to a paradox of openness—the creation of innovations often requires openness, but the commercialization of innovations requires protection. Based on econometric analysis of data from a UK innovation survey, we find a concave relationship between firms’ breadth of external search and formal collaboration for innovation, and the strength of the firms’ appropriability strategies. We show that this concave relationship is stronger for breadth of formal collaboration than for external search. There is also partial evidence suggesting that the relationship is less pronounced for both external search and formal collaboration if firms do not draw ideas from or collaborate with competitors. We explore the implications of these findings for the literature on open innovation and innovation strategy. 相似文献
4.
《Research Policy》1999,28(2-3):317-336
The paper develops a taxonomy of the globalisation of innovation based on three categories: (a) the international exploitation of technology produced on a national basis; (b) the global generation of innovations; (c) the global technological collaborations. The most evident changes implied by the increasing globalisation of innovation and technology are the tougher and increased competition and the greater collaboration between actors, both across and within national boundaries. The advantages, just as the costs, of these tendencies can be substantial, leading to a higher risk of `winners and losers'. The paper analyses the different impact that each category might have on the economic and innovative performance of countries and regions, with the aim of defining the implications for national policies. It is suggested that public policies play a different role in each of the three processes of the globalisation of innovation and that a single strategy does not exist, neither from a firm's nor from a government's perspective. The paper emphasis that none of the three categories in this taxonomy renders national policy obsolete. On the contrary, public policies are necessary on a far wider range than those currently implemented in the majority of countries. 相似文献
5.
《Research Policy》2022,51(6):104530
As the environmental agenda gains momentum all over the world, enterprises face the challenge of combining economic and environmental goals. An obvious, recurrent, and yet not fully answered question is whether, and under which circumstances, an improvement in a firm's environmental performance leads to higher profits. Looking at innovation data, the present study, addresses the question whether Environmental Innovation (EI) is synergic with other types of innovation. To this aim, we separately consider the competitive gains from efficiency increases and cost savings due to different types of environmental innovations (EI) affecting the supply and the demand sides of a firm's activity. Using the Italian CIS dataset (2006–2008), we identify synergic interactions between EI and some but not all other types of innovation. 相似文献
6.
《Research Policy》2023,52(7):104814
Innovation studies have thoroughly analysed how firms' perception of barriers affects their innovative behaviour. We contribute to this line of research by analysing complementary and substitution effects between financial barriers, internal knowledge barriers and external knowledge barriers on firms' innovative effort. Using a panel data set of Uruguayan firms between 2006 and 2015, we add to empirical studies on this topic by estimating both unconditional and conditional complementary and substitution effects between these innovation barriers. We apply an econometric two-step specification that includes an estimation of instrumental variables, which allows us to control for endogeneity biases in the supermodularity and submodularity tests. We find significant evidence that external and internal knowledge barriers reinforce each other's effects (complementary effects), conditional on the absence of financial barriers. We also find that financial and internal knowledge barriers mitigate each other's effects (substitution effects) conditional on the firm's perception of external knowledge barriers. Additionally, we find substitution effects between financial and external knowledge barriers, conditional on the firm's perception of internal knowledge barriers. We discuss these results against the backdrop of Uruguayan innovation policies during the period studied, and stress the necessary articulation between instruments that will help strengthen firms' innovation management to recognize and manage innovation barriers. 相似文献
7.
Using unique innovation survey data collected from a homogenous sample of firms in Pakistan, this paper presents an analysis of the firm level determinants of product innovation and its impact on firm performance. We employ a multi-stage structural model linking the decision of a firm to innovate, its innovation investment, product innovation, and firm performance using primary data from the textile and wearing apparel sector, which is the largest export sector of Pakistan. We find that product innovation leads to increased labor productivity as well as higher labor productivity growth. A 10 percent increase in innovative sales per worker is associated with a greater than 10 percent increase in labor productivity and labor productivity growth. On the determinants of innovation, we find that vertical knowledge flows from foreign clients and suppliers are important determinants of a firm's decision to innovate. Larger firms are more likely to engage in innovation, however, there is no significant evidence that they invest more in innovation. Exporting is positively associated with innovation performance and firms exporting to Europe and America are more likely to engage in innovation. There is mixed evidence on the impact of competition: foreign competition adversely affects a firm’s decision to innovate, whereas, local competition increases investment in innovation. Subsidies seem to have a crowding out effect since firms receiving national subsides invest less in innovation. Furthermore, firms that have higher investment in innovation, that are more productive, and that introduce organizational innovations have higher innovative sales per worker. 相似文献
8.
In recent years it has become clear that a firm's competitive position is significantly influenced by its capacity to innovate. This paper explores the hypothesis that if there are factors operating at the regional level which inhibit this capacity, then firms located in particular regions may suffer. One such factor might be a lack of centralized scientific services. Regions under-represented in terms of a viable scientific infrastructure may find difficulty in attrating new science-based firms, and firms already in the region may find themselves at a comparative disavantage compared with firms located elsewhere. Social forces of this kind might be playing an important part in enhancing the social and economic problems of underdeveloped regions. 相似文献
9.
《Research Policy》2022,51(6):104516
Green public procurement has gained high political priority and is argued to be an effective demand-side policy to trigger environmental innovations. However, the empirical evidence on its innovation impact is limited. We construct a novel firm-level dataset to investigate the effect of winning public procurement tenders with additional environmental award criteria on firms’ introduction of environmental innovations. Employing cross-sectional difference-in-differences methods, we find that winning public procurement awards with environmental selection criteria increases a firm's probability of introducing more environmentally friendly products on average by 20 percentage points. We show that this effect is driven by small and medium-sized firms and is not statistically significant for larger firms. Furthremore, there is no statistically significant effect on the introduction of more environmentally friendly processes. 相似文献
10.
Pei-Ying Huang Tao Hua Ouyang Shan L. Pan Tzu-Chuan Chou 《International Journal of Information Management》2012
Operational agility has increasingly become essential for survival and prosperity for contemporary organizations. Given its significant role in a turbulent business environment, this concept has garnered considerable research attention over the past ten years. However, due to the complex nature of operational agility, how to achieve this important organizaitonal capability is still not clearly understood. Thus the present study attempts to open this black box through examing a case study of Haier, the largest household appliances producer in China. The findings of this case highlight the significant role played by IT leveraging competence in achieving operational agility. It shows that IT leveraging competence helps enhance firm's ability to process information in a turbulent business environment, which results in information processing efficiency and information processing effectiveness. With the enhancement in the ability to process information, the focal firm is capable to sense and respond to market changes more readily. 相似文献
11.
《Research Policy》2022,51(3):104470
Previous research has analyzed the effect of stakeholder orientation on the amount of technological investment firms make but has ignored its effect on the characteristics of that investment. To address this gap, we explored the impact of stakeholder orientation on the degree of generality of a firm's technological investment. More general technologies (i.e., technologies easily deployable in a wider range of industries) are more likely to promote major changes in the firm's scope. However, these changes undermine the value of stakeholders’ past relationship-specific investments, which are tailored to a certain firm scope. Therefore, more stakeholder-oriented firms will invest in less general technological assets to reduce stakeholder concerns and opposition. This negative effect will be stronger in more uncertain industries, where stakeholders are more concerned that firms might use technology generality to change their scope following the realization of previously unforeseen contingencies. However, it will be weaker in more competitive industries, where stakeholders tend to make less relationship-specific investments and are less concerned with changes in firm scope triggered by an increase in technology generality. We test our hypotheses by exploiting the enactment of constituency statutes in 34 U.S. states during the period 1976–2000 as a plausibly exogenous variation in firms’ stakeholder orientation. 相似文献
12.
《Research Policy》2019,48(9):103804
In this paper, we explore the impact of a firm's workers’ replacements on innovation performance by using rich matched employer–employee panel data for the Veneto region of Italy. We take the well-known resource-based theory of the firm as our departure point, and develop a set of hypotheses which we test empirically with negative binomial regressions. We find that workers’ replacements significantly dampen innovation performance, coherently with the idea that they generate losses in the tacit knowledge base of the firm. We also find that workers’ replacements are especially detrimental to large and young firms, possibly because large companies benefit comparatively less from ‘diaspora’ effects and because innovative capabilities in young firms are mostly dependent on specific human capital. Finally, our results show that firms’ location in industrial districts significantly mitigates the negative impact of workers’ replacements, and that a similar picture emerges when firms are more exposed to knowledge spillovers, particularly of related knowledge. 相似文献
13.
This study predicts the impact of technological, organizational and environmental (TOE) determinants on e-maintenance technology readiness in manufacturing firms. Survey responses of 308 managers from a wide spectrum of manufacturing firms have been validated and analyzed by means of structural equation modelling. The findings indicate that dimensions of e-maintenance technology readiness in manufacturing firms are mainly influenced by technological and organizational determinants involving technological infrastructure and competence, expected benefits and challenges of e-maintenance, and firm size and ownership. Surprisingly, there is no significant effect of competitive pressures on e-maintenance readiness. This study offers managers and vendors a frame of reference to analyze firm's situation before initiating new innovations. In case of e-maintenance technology, adoption strategies should be built around fostering level of employees’ technological knowledge and skills, technology infrastructure as well as sustaining potential benefits and encountering potential challenges associated with e-maintenance technology. This paper is one of the early studies that predict dimensions of technology readiness index (TRI) through the determinants of technology–organization–environment (TOE) framework. Also, it is among the first attempts to link prominent technology adoption models to e-maintenance technology as a novel form of enterprise innovations. 相似文献
14.
广西高层次创新型科技人才政策问题与对策 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过研究分析广西高层次创新型科技人才的政策现状,发现人才政策中存在的政策覆盖面较窄、较为保守、操作性不强、人才激励、培养、选拔和流动政策等问题,提出树立人才优先发展新理念,调整和创新高层次创新型科技人才政策、加大政策倾斜力度等措施,优化广西高层次创新型科技人才政策环境. 相似文献
15.
行为理论和自我决定理论关于企业奖酬是否以及如何影响员工创新有着不同的观点,实证研究的结论也不一致。本研究以研发人员为研究对象,从行为理论出发探讨在我国社会背景下企业创新奖酬对研发人员创新意愿及创新行为的影响,以及物质主义特性在其中的调节作用。通过312对研发人员与上司配对的一手数据,对被中介的调节模型进行实证检验。分析表明,创新奖酬的实施对研发人员创新行为有促进作用,员工的创新意愿在其中起到部分中介作用。个体的物质主义特性调节了组织创新奖酬与研发人员创新意愿之间的关系。对于高物质主义者而言,组织创新奖酬对员工创新意愿的影响作用更强。特别地,员工的物质主义特性对创新奖酬与员工创新行为之间关系的调节作用是以创新意愿作为中介。 相似文献
16.
近年来,日本社会在解决福利服务的"夹缝问题"时逐渐意识到,仅依靠传统的问题解决策略并不能良好应对所有需要人群的社会生活问题需求,因此形成了诸多以"协作"为核心的实践创新。文章通过分析福利服务中"夹缝问题"发生的成因,阐明"协作"在问题解决中的具体原理,并在此基础上将其提炼为一种新型问题解决策略——社会协作模式。通过观察这种新型问题解决策略在日本福利服务实践中的功能发挥机制,文章认为,对于我国未来的福利体系建设来说,应当进一步激发民间活力,创造参与友好型的制度环境,并在人才培养中应当加强各类专业人才的创新意识,鼓励各类组织开展福利服务的创新实践。 相似文献
17.
《Research Policy》2023,52(6):104785
Drawing on the resource-based view of the firm, we examine the effect of technological competition over a patent on the firm's choice of patenting strategy. We claim that technological competition makes the traditional strategy of protecting focal innovations from imitation less likely and increases the likelihood of a play strategy — i.e. using patents to avoid the risk of hold-up by other patent owners, or as a bargaining chip in litigation and cross-licensing. However, we claim also that technological competition over a target close to the firm's core technology should lead to use of a fence strategy i.e. to blocking the commercial endeavors of rivals and preempting substitute inventions. We find support for our hypotheses using data from a large-scale survey of European patent applications. 相似文献
18.
采用2009-2018年海南省数据构建科技创新环境和经济子系统综合水平评价指标体系,采用主成分分析法分别评测海南省创新环境和区域经济的综合水平,使用耦合协调度模型进一步测算二者的宏观耦合关系,并应用灰色关联度法考察经济系统各指标对创新环境的影响,借以揭示指标层面的微观耦合机制.研究发现:海南省整体创新环境和区域经济水平均在不断提升,两系统经历了由劣质高耦合、中等高耦合到优质高耦合三阶段,从极度不协调发展到高度协调;经济因素中,地区生产总值等一般经济环境因素对创新环境影响最强,高技术产业对创新环境的影响最弱.提出海南省值得引起海内外创新人才的关注,要进一步提升创新环境水平,应首先致力于发展区域经济,给高技术产业以更多支持、促使其发挥更大的创新影响,进一步促进科技创新与区域经济耦合协调发展等建议. 相似文献
19.
《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2001,12(2):205-226
In many high technology industries, strategic alliances have become important for improving a firm's financial performance by providing knowledge that can be used to develop the capabilities needed to introduce new products. Therefore, researchers have examined those characteristics of alliances that can contribute to the performance of high technology companies. There is agreement that the structure and knowledge flows within alliances can affect a firm's innovativeness. However, to date, researchers have studied alliances as individual events or transactions, failing to recognize their synergistic effects as a coherent portfolio. Viewing alliances as a portfolio of strategic agreements, we suggest that portfolio characteristics will be associated with a high technology firm's innovative and financial performance. Also, we suggest that portfolio characteristics will influence absorptive capacity. We test these propositions using a sample of 2456 alliances formed by 143 biopharmaceutical firms. The results indicate that alliance portfolio characteristics and absorptive capacity jointly influence performance. The implications of these findings for high technology firms are discussed. 相似文献
20.
半个世纪以来,空间科学不仅极大拓展了人类的认知领域,改变了人类对自然与自身的认识,而且牵引和带动了航天和相关高技术的快速发展,为国家安全、科技进步提供了支撑和保障,同时通过大批创造性的发明和技术应用,为国家经济社会发展、人类生活质量改善提供了源源不断的创新活力。在分析国内空间科学发展现状的基础上,文章阐述了我国2016—2030年空间科学拟研究的前沿科学问题,提出了我国至2030年空间科学发展战略目标、空间科学计划及所包含的科学卫星任务,并探讨了支撑和保障空间科学发展所需的技术手段与能力。希望通过系列空间科学计划与任务的实施,为我国经济社会发展和人类文明进步做出应有的贡献。 相似文献