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新形势下我国劳动力就业现状及对策分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对我国劳动力就业现状分析,表明我国存在着劳动力供给大大高于就业需求,这是我国的基本国情,也是今后相当长时期内我国劳动力市场的基本格局.其应对策略包括:确立"就业优先"的经济战略;改革户籍制度,打造人力资本配置市场;完善劳动力市场,健全社会保障体系;调整经济结构发展战略,大力发展第三产业;大力发展中小型民营企业;发挥税收政策对就业的促进作用. 相似文献
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Luisa Gagliardi 《Research Policy》2019,48(6):1523-1533
This paper analyses how differences in the industry composition of British local labour markets moderate the impact of foreign technological competition in manufacturing on domestic employment, both overall and across subsamples of workers with different skill levels (high, intermediate and low). To this scope, it exploits both variations across industries in the exposure to the introduction of new technologies, and information on how such industries are combined in shaping the industrial structure of each place. The analysis shows that places that specialise in industries undergoing substantial technological competition due to foreign innovation experience a reduction in total employment that is 4.5% larger than places less exposed based on their initial industry mix. This negative performance is mainly explained by a decrease in the employment opportunities for intermediate-skilled workers. Limited support is found for successful adaptation trajectories over time across British local labour markets. 相似文献
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社会经济发展过程中一个国家（地区）森林面积由减少转为增加的“森林转型“内在驱动机制,是资源环境研究关注的热点。以4期卢旺达土地覆盖数据为主要信息源,分析1990—2015年该地区森林变化的趋势和时空特征。结合社会经济数据,借助森林转型的路径分析法,探究卢旺达森林面积变化的影响因素及其所遵循的转型路径。在此基础上,利用PLUS模型对卢旺达2030年的森林空间动态分布进行模拟预测,对如何继续保持良好转型态势提出相关建议。结果表明：①卢旺达森林面积在2010年开始出现净增长,由2010年的197383.2 hm2增加到2015年的213087.8 hm2,年增加率0.8%;②国家公园和保护区是森林增长主要地区,且主要来源于稀树草原和耕地,分别占森林净增加总面积的87.8%和8.8%;③转型的内在驱动机制主要是国家政策引导下发生的“国家森林政策路径”和“森林稀缺路径”,全球化路径体现在植树技术与资金支持;④对卢旺达2030年森林模拟预测显示,森林转型仍将继续,预计到2030年森林面积将净增加34065.2 hm2。为进一步提高研究区森林覆盖率,卢旺达政府部门应改善森林恢复的薄弱环节,加快农业集约化推广;通过为农村社区创造场外就业机会,引导经济和就业发生转型,从而推动基于“经济发展路径”与“农村集约化路径”的森林增加。 相似文献
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由于互联网产业迅猛发展以及本身所具有的特性,互联网产业呈现出寡头垄断市场结构,这样的市场结构是否损害了竞争进而影响了互联网产业市场绩效的提升呢?从静态的资源配置效率和动态的技术进步两个角度对中国互联网产业的市场绩效进行了研究,结果发现:无论是资源配置效率还是技术进步,中国互联网当前的寡头垄断的市场结构并没有妨碍到市场创新和提升用户的满意度,中国互联网产业总体发展是良性的。 相似文献
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通过对移动通信技术专业多年的教学经验分析,探讨了从实际出发,以市场需求为导向,以教学质量为基础,加大实践教学的改革和发展力度,增强学生的专业技术能力,并对就业前景进行了深入的探讨和分析,总结出实践教学对于未来就业的促进关系。 相似文献
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G. Mensch 《Research Policy》1978,7(2):108-122
With labour market problems pressing national governments to support private innovation, the market mechanism is reinforced as it sets the rate and direction of innovation: (1) in the mix of improvement innovations in established industries, labour-saving technologies are outnumbering the product innovations that offer additional employment and investment opportunities, and (2) basic innovations are rare (stale-mate in technology), but when they occur they tend to occur in ‘clusters’. The competitive nature of allocative decisions on corporate R&D and innovative investment is complemented by the competitive R&D policy of most European countries. As those decisions concern large-scale, highcomplexity technologies, the perspective that the market mechanism tends to produce them in ‘clusters’ poses serious problems of timing, spacing, and — of course — of value judgement about alternative technological developments in the European context. These strategic problems of innovation policy have risen to such a level of potential conflict that they need harmonization. 相似文献
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以移动互联网应用就业岗位人才需求为出发点,分析计算机专业与移动互联网应用岗位的专业契合度,探讨高职院校计算机应用专业人才培养方案及课程体系。 相似文献
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Does technology require labour mobility to diffuse? To explore this, we use German social-security data and ask how plants that pioneer an industry in a location – and for which the local labour market offers no experienced workers – assemble their workforces. These pioneers use different recruiting strategies than plants elsewhere: they hire more workers from outside their industry and from outside their region, especially when workers come from closely related industries or are highly skilled. The importance of access to experienced workers is highlighted in the diffusion of industries from western Germany to the post-reunification economy of eastern German. While manufacturing employment declined in most advanced economies, eastern German regions managed to reindustrialise. The pioneers involved in this process relied heavily on expertise from western Germany: while establishing new manufacturing industries in the East, they sourced half of their experienced workers from the West. 相似文献
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手机图书馆是移动互联网下对传统图书馆信息及知识服务的延伸。为了进一步探究高校手机图书馆的发展趋势,本文以"985工程"院校为例,于2013年1月对高校手机图书馆发展的现状进行调查,并与2009年调查的结果进行比较分析,从而得出2009-2012年高校手机图书馆的发展趋势,最后结合移动互联网的发展,预测未来高校手机图书馆的发展趋势。 相似文献
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21世纪随着互联网、移动通信、物联网、云计算和大数据等高科技发展，以及知识经济、消费主义和众包模式的兴起，传统以技术创新为主导的创新模式，已经难以适应互联网智能时代复杂多变的市场环境和快速迭代的消费需求。不仅传统大型科技企业陷入了“创新者的窘境”，而且广大中小新兴科技企业也迫切需要更为有效的创新模式来指导和引领。基于这一目的，本文从分析互联网智能时代的创新难点和核心问题入手，通过对现有整合创新等理论的梳理与对比基础上，提出并构建了一种以价值创新为导向、能有效整合多元创新维度、符合互联网智能时代需求的TDBMC整合创新模式，论文最后总结了这种新模式的优势，并给出了结论和未来研究方向。 相似文献
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《Research Policy》2019,48(9):103803
Do low-skilled workers benefit from the growth of high-technology industries in their local economy? Policymakers invest considerable resources in attracting and developing innovative, high-tech industries, but there is relatively little evidence on the distribution of the benefits. This paper investigates the labour market impact of high-tech growth on low and mid-skilled workers, using data on UK local labour markets from 2009–2015. It shows that high-tech industries – either STEM-intensive ‘high-tech’ or digital economy – have a positive jobs multiplier, with each 10 new high-tech jobs creating around 7 local non-tradeable service jobs, around 6 of which go to low-skilled workers. Employment rates for mid-skilled workers do not increase, but they benefit from higher wages. Yet while low-skilled workers gain from higher employment rates, the jobs are often poorly paid service work, so average wages fall, particularly when increased housing costs are considered. 相似文献
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移动互联网技术、移动终端技术的快速发展推动制造企业的经营管理方式向移动商务模式转变。根据制造企业自身组织关系、业务关系与业务流程的复杂性特点,分析移动互联网环境下促进制造企业现有商务模式变革的驱动因素,研究制造企业的移动经营管理模式,提出基于移动互联网的制造企业移动商务模式以及与ERP软件厂商、移动终端厂商、移动互联网运营商的合作策略。 相似文献
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随着中国移动互联网的快速发展,"互联网+公共文化服务"的实践探索成为公共文化服务体系建设的新内容。本文从移动互联网的发展趋势出发,分析了公共文化服务在移动互联网发展进程中的机遇与挑战,从跨系统文化资源和智力资源共建共享的视角,提出公共文化服务"信息圈"建设的设想,探索更加开放平等的公共文化服务体系建设的模式。 相似文献
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企业在国际市场上面临极大的不确定性、复杂性和风险性,现有研究多关注企业如何进行国际创业以取得成功,鲜有学者探究企业如何应对国际市场中的挫折或失败并持续进行国际创业。对金鹏的国际创业过程进行探索性单案例分析得出：(1)国际市场上的情境不确定性与网络关系触发组织能力、危机意识和应对机制进一步演化而形成国际创业韧性;(2)在国际创业中持续的学习和经验积累,以及国际创业团队面对失败或成功时的态度和行为推动国际创业韧性成长,并经过以能力为主导、以信心为主导和以应对机制为主导三个阶段。最后明晰国际创业韧性成长机理,以指导企业形成和培养动态化的国际创业韧性。 相似文献
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介绍原有创新扩散模型及其局限性,根据移动互联网产品特点进行改进,构建适用于迭代产品扩散的改进模型。利用移动互联网产品实际数据对产品迭代扩散改进模型进行实证分析,采用仿真软件中的模拟退火算法进行参数估计和模型拟合,揭示移动互联网产品的迭代扩散特点。对比原有模型和改进模型的拟合效果和预测效果,结果说明产品迭代扩散改进模型对移动互联网产品的拟合效果和预测效果更好。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]探究移动互联网环境下影响双创人员知识共享的因素,为双创人员更好利用移动互联网技术进行知识共享和合作创新提供建议。[过程/方法] 在分析、总结现有文献基础上,构建概念模型,并运用层次回归法对数据进行分析,验证提出的假设。[结果/结论] 移动互联网环境下,双创人员主体因素：知识共享意愿、知识共享能力、信任关系与知识共享行为存在正相关关系,客体因素：知识的经济价值与知识共享行为存在负相关关系,移动互联网技术和政策在主客体因素和知识共享行为之间起调节作用。 相似文献
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《Research Policy》2022,51(3):104446
We investigate three alternative but complementary indicators of market power on one of the largest online labour markets (OLMs) in Europe: (1) the elasticity of labour demand, (2) the elasticity of labour supply, and (3) the concentration of market shares. We explore how these indicators relate to an exogenous change in platform policy. In the middle of the observation period, the platform made it mandatory for employers to signal the rates they were willing to pay as given by the level of experience required to perform a project, i.e., entry, intermediate or expert level. We find a positive labour supply elasticity ranging between 0.06 and 0.15, which is higher for expert-level projects. We also find that the labour demand elasticity increased while the labour supply elasticity decreased after the policy change. Based on this, we argue that market-designing platform providers can influence the labour demand and supply elasticities on OLMs with the terms and conditions they set for the platform. We also explore the demand for and supply of AI-related labour on the OLM under study. We provide evidence for a significantly higher demand for AI-related labour (ranging from +1.4% to +4.1%) and a significantly lower supply of AI-related labour (ranging from -6.8% to -1.6%) than for other types of labour. We also find that workers on AI projects receive 3.0%-3.2% higher wages than workers on non-AI projects. 相似文献
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在论述物联网概念,分析我国物联网产业发展状况的基础上,提出物联网产业发展的市场支撑体系是由物联网产业的投资体系、消费体系和出口体系构成,阐述各体系的内容,并提出完善物联网产业发展市场支撑体系的建议。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]结合国内外文献研究与初步研究,基于移动互联网环境下大学生数据素养能力表现,构建大学生数据素养能力评价指标体系并进行实证分析,从而提供数据素养能力综合评价标准与工具。[方法/过程]首先基于提纲式专家访谈与小样本问卷测试,运用探索性因子分析构建移动互联网环境下大学生数据素养能力评价指标体系,并进行科学性检验与优化;在此基础上结合半结构化问卷调研,运用主成分分析从互联网环境下的数据意识、数据知识与技能、数据组织与管理、数据表达与解释四个一级指标进行实证评价。[结果/结论]实证分析结果表明移动互联网环境下大学生数据素养能力存在年级与专业差异,其中数据意识、数据表达与解释的群体均衡收敛,个体异质性在数据知识与技能、数据组织与管理能力表现显著。最后,从国家层面的数据标准化管理与教育个性化发展协同、移动互联网数据资源管理云环境、高校"四位一体"渐进式智慧培养体系三个视角提出互联网环境下大学生数据素养能力提升的对策建议。 相似文献