共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 421 毫秒
1.
2.
目前,实现对细胞神经递质释放过程的高时空分辨实时监测,仍存在诸多挑战。近些年来,通过发展不同的电化学检测技术实现了对细胞胞吐(exocytosis)释放以及细胞内部囊泡的定量化分析;一些研究使用这些技术,进行了细胞释放模式的探究。通过在电极表面修饰小分子或者调控电极尺寸,可实现高分辨率和高灵敏度的监测。文章重点介绍了神经递质电化学检测的机理、微米电极以及纳米电极检测技术的发展,对电化学传感与成像技术的联用进行了评述,并对电化学传感检测技术未来发展方向进行了展望。在此基础上,文章综合各种不同监测技术的优点,提出构建纳米电极与成像以及其他检测手段的联用技术,以大幅提高纳米电极在神经递质检测方面的能力。 相似文献
3.
4.
对隐性知识外显案例实施有效适配,于知识应用乃至创新、实现乃至增值知识资源的价值,具有重要意义。本文深入研究了隐性知识外显案例适配机理。首先,采用毕达哥拉斯模糊集对知识属性值进行处理,建立知识表达系统;接着,运用K-Means算法对FCM聚类算法进行改进,压缩匹配空间、提升案例匹配效率;而后,基于PFS相关系数求解知识供需间的视图相似度,从而获得适配案例集。在此基础上,构建随机森林适配模型,并采用粒子群算法对其优化,以确保适配效果。与传统算法的对比实验验证了本文算法的比较优势。 相似文献
5.
6.
《科技风》2015,(15)
目的:通过对肺栓塞患者D-二聚体进行定量检测、分析,明确D-二聚体检测对于肺栓塞诊断、治疗的价值。方法:回顾性分析2010年1月~2014年10月,在我院接受治疗的肺栓塞患者40例,采用全自动血凝仪以及配套试剂,利用免疫比浊法原理,定量检测患者的血浆D-二聚体。选择此段时间在医院进行健康体检的人40例作为对照组,比较两组的D-二聚体水平。结果:检测发现,被确诊为肺栓塞的患者40例,血浆D-二聚体明显高于正常临界值。比较肺栓塞组和对照组的血浆D-二聚体水平,肺栓塞患者的D-二聚体检测结果显著高于对照组,两组间的差异明显(P0.05),有统计学意义。肺栓塞组治疗4d后,血浆D-二聚体和治疗前相比,有所降低;7d后检测结果基本恢复正常值。结论:本文研究发现,肺栓塞发生的主要指标是血浆D-二聚体。血浆D-二聚体具有较好的稳定性,对其进行定量检测,具有很高的敏感度,对溶栓的制定提供了有效的参考价值。因此,对患者进行肺栓塞诊断时,可以将血浆D-二聚体水平的检测作为最佳选择。 相似文献
7.
通过正交实验设计以及注射成型手段制作出钦酸钾晶须、纳米CaCO3、丁睛橡胶改性共聚物复合材料,同时利用缺口冲击力与弯曲弹性模量为核心标准,经正交实验结果的极差以及方差最终得到了最佳方案,并以其为基点开发了防撞护栏材料。通过实践显示,通过注射成型措施制作ABS复合材料有较强的可行性,正交实验设计、极差以及方差分析手段可以从根本深化复合材料的配方,其通过实践证实其缺口冲击力、弯曲弹性模量、弯曲性以及拉伸比值等数据均超过纯ABS。 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
石墨烯已展现出在生物纳米技术领域迷人的应用前景，包括DNA传感、蛋白质分析和药物运输。然而．石墨烯用于细胞内检测器和原位分子探针的探索仍处于起步阶段。为此．我们设计了适配体一羧基荧光素（Aptamer—carboxyfluoresce．n．FAM）／石墨烯氧化物纳米片层（Graphene Oxid eNanosheet．GO—nS）纳米复合物来研究其用于活细胞内分子探针的能力。 相似文献
11.
在自行构建的超声频谱分析系统上,研究表面缺陷对声波调制的声学机理,提出一种基于单缺陷回波的局部频谱分析而对表面缺陷类型进行检测的方法,给出了用超声频域分析法对工件表面缺陷特征分析的实例,并用计算机检测系统得出了相应的试验结果,从而提高了检测可靠性.此检测方法可成为计算机辅助对缺陷进行分析的依据. 相似文献
12.
Plasmonics is generally divided into two categories: surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of electromagnetic modes propagating along a (noble) metal/dielectric interface and localized SPRs (LSPRs) on nanoscopic metallic structures (particles, rods, shells, holes, etc.). Both optical transducer concepts can be combined with and integrated in microfluidic devices for biomolecular analyte detections, with the benefits of small foot-print for point-of-care detection, low-cost for one-time disposal, and ease of being integrated into an array format. The key technologies in such integration include the plasmonic chip, microfluidic channel fabrication, surface bio-functionalization, and selection of the detection scheme, which are selected according to the specifics of the targeting analytes. This paper demonstrates a few examples of the many versions of how to combine plasmonics and integrated microfluidics, using different plasmonic generation mechanisms for different analyte detections. One example is a DNA sensor array using a gold film as substrate and surface plasmon fluorescence spectroscopy and microscopy as the transduction method. This is then compared to grating-coupled SPR for poly(ethylene glycol) thiol interaction detected by angle interrogation, gold nanohole based LSPR chip for biotin-strepavidin detection by wavelength shift, and gold nanoholes/nanopillars for the detection of prostate specific antigen by quantum dot labels excited by the LSPR. Our experimental results exemplified that the plasmonic integrated microfluidics is a promising tool for understanding the biomolecular interactions and molecular recognition process as well as biosensing, especially for on-site or point-of-care diagnostics. 相似文献
13.
Dielectrophoretic nanocolloid assay is a promising technique for sensitive molecular detection and identification, as target molecule hybridization onto the probe-functionalized nanocolloids can change their surface conductance and consequently their dielectrophoretic crossover frequencies. Thus, instead of relying on surface charge density increase after hybridization, as in many capacitive and field effect transistor impedance sensing techniques, the current assay utilizes the much larger surface conductance (and dielectrophoresis crossover frequency) changes to effect sensitive detection. Herein, we present a Poisson–Boltzmann theory for surfaces with finite-size molecular probes that include the surface probe conformation, their contribution to surface charge with a proper delineation of the slip and Stern planes. The theory shows that the most sensitive nanocolloid molecular sensor corresponds to a minimum in the dielectrophoretic crossover frequency with respect to the bulk concentration of the molecular probes (oligonucleotides in our case) during nanocolloid functionalization. This minimum yields the lowest number of functionalized probes that are also fully stretched because of surface probe-probe interaction. Our theory provides the surface-bulk oligonucleotide concentration isotherm and a folding number for the surface oligonucleotide conformation from the crossover frequency, the zeta potential, and the hydrodynamic radius data. 相似文献
14.
Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) were directly synthesized on the surface of polyvinylsilazane (PVSZ, -[(vinyl)SiH-NH2]-) without use of extra reductive additives. The reductive Si-H functional groups on the surface of cured PVSZ acted as surface bound reducing agents to form gold metal when contacted with an aqueous Au precursor (HAuCl4) solution, leading to formation of Au NPs adhered to silicate glass surface. The Au NPs-silicate platforms were preliminarily tested to detect Rhodamine B (1 μM) by surface enhanced Raman scattering. Furthermore, gold microelectrode obtained by post-chemical plating was used as an integrated amperometric detection element in the polydimethylsilane-glass hybrid microfluidic chip. 相似文献
15.
Edwards TL Harper JC Polsky R Lopez DM Wheeler DR Allen AC Brozik SM 《Biomicrofluidics》2011,5(4):44115-4411514
Herein is described the fabrication and use of a plastic multilayer 3-channel microfluidic fixture. Multilayer devices were produced by laser machining of plastic polymethylmethacrylate and polyethyleneterapthalate laminates by ablation. The fixture consisted of an array of nine individually addressable gold or gold/ITO working electrodes, and a resistive platinum heating element. Laser machining of both the fluidic pathways in the plastic laminates, and the stencil masks used for thermal evaporation to form electrode regions on the plastic laminates, enabled rapid and inexpensive implementation of design changes. Electrochemiluminescence reactions in the fixture were achieved and monitored through ITO electrodes. Electroaddressable aryl diazonium chemistry was employed to selectively pattern gold electrodes for electrochemical multianalyte DNA detection from double stranded DNA (dsDNA) samples. Electrochemical detection of dsDNA was achieved by melting of dsDNA molecules in solution with the integrated heater, allowing detection of DNA sequences specific to breast and colorectal cancers with a non-specific binding control. Following detection, the array surface could be renewed via high temperature (95 °C) stripping using the integrated heating element. This versatile and simple method for prototyping devices shows potential for further development of highly integrated, multi-functional bioanalytical devices. 相似文献
16.
Label-free detection of biomolecules using an optical whispering-gallery mode sensor in a microelectrofluidic channel is simulated. Negatively charged bovine serum albumin is considered as the model protein analyte. The analyte transport in aqueous solution is controlled by an externally applied electrical field. The finite element method is employed for solving the equations of the charged species transport, the Poisson equation of electric potential, the equations of conservation of momentum and energy, and the Helmholtz equations of electromagnetic waves. The adsorption process of the protein molecules on the microsensor head surface is monitored by the resonance frequency shifts. Frequency shift caused by temperature variation due to Joule heating is analyzed and found to be negligible. The induced shifts behave in a manner similar to Langmuir-like adsorption kinetics; but the time constant increases due to the presence of the external electrical field. A correlation of the frequency shift, the analyte feed concentration in the solution, and the applied voltage gradient is obtained, in which an excellent linear relationship between the frequency shift and the analyte concentration is revealed. The applied voltage gradient enhances significantly the analyte concentration in the vicinity of the sensor surface; thus, the sensor sensitivity which has a power function of the voltage gradient with exponent 2.85 in the controlled voltage range. Simulated detection of extremely low protein concentration to the pico-molar level is carried out. 相似文献
17.
We report the demonstration of an optofluidic surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) device that leverages a nanoporous microfluidic matrix to improve the SERS detection performance by more than two orders of magnitude as compared to a typical open microfluidic channel. Although it is a growing trend to integrate optical biosensors into microfluidic channels, this basic combination has been detrimental to the sensing performance when applied to SERS. Recently, however, synergistic combinations between microfluidic functions and photonics (i.e., optofluidics) have been implemented that improve the detection performance of SERS. Conceptually, the simplest optofluidic SERS techniques reported to date utilize a single nanofluidic channel to trap nanoparticle-analyte conjugates as a method of preconcentration before detection. In this work, we leverage this paradigm while improving upon the simplicity by forming a 3D nanofluidic network with packed nanoporous silica microspheres in a microfluidic channel; this creates a concentration matrix that traps silver nanoclusters and adsorbed analytes into the SERS detection volume. With this approach, we are able to achieve a detection limit of 400 attomoles of Rhodamine 6G after only 2 min of sample loading with high chip-to-chip repeatability. Due to the high number of fluidic paths in the nanoporous channel, this approach is less prone to clogging than single nanofluidic inlets, and the loading time is decreased compared to previous reports. In addition, fabrication of this microsystem is quite simple, as nanoscale fabrication is not necessary. Finally, integrated multimode fiber optic cables eliminate the need for optical alignment, and thus the device is relevant for portable and automated applications in the field, including point-of-sample and point-of-care detection. To illustrate a relevant field-based application, we demonstrate the detection of 12 ppb of the organophosphate malathion in water using the nanofluidic SERS microsystem. 相似文献
18.
Thiolene-based microfluidic devices have been coupled with surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRI) to provide an integrated platform to study interfacial interactions in both aqueous and organic solutions. In this work, we develop a photolithographic method that interfaces commercially available thiolene resin to gold and glass substrates to generate microfluidic channels with excellent adhesion that leave the underlying sensor surface free from contamination and readily available for surface modification through self-assembly. These devices can sustain high flow rates and have excellent solvent compatibility even with several organic solvents. To demonstrate the versatility of these devices, we have conducted nanomolar detection of streptavidin-biotin interactions using in situ SPRI. 相似文献
19.
M. Madhan M. Venkataraman Zachriah Bobby P. H. Ananthanarayanan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1999,14(2):159-167
Desialation of cell surface glycoconjugates due to bacterial or viral infection can expose epitopes like T-antigenic structure which can also occur during oncological transformations. Human platelet plasma membrane glycoproteins were isolated by jacalin affinity chromatography. Potential T-antigen containing glycoproteins which were not reported before could be identified on the Western blot using peanut agglutinin—horse radish peroxidase (PNA-HRP) after neuraminidase treatment. Alpha-galactosyl epitopes recognized by anti-gal were found to be absent in human platelet plasma membrane glycoproteins. Under the experimental conditions employed, the Gp IIbα was identified most rich in T-antigenic structures. Probable role of exposed T-antigenic structures and α-galactosyl epitopes in pathological conditions is discussed. The identity of major glycoprotein bands was confirmed by differential lectin-binding studies with Concanavalin A on the Western blot. The higher binding affinity of jacalin for T-antigenic structures when compared to PNA enabled the isolation and detection of the antigen containing platelet surface glycoproteins which were not reported before. 相似文献